Grammar grips fragments and_comma_spl
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This document discusses sentence fragments, comma splices, and fused sentences. It defines each type of error and provides tests and examples to identify them. It then explains different ways to repair each type of error, such as attaching fragments to nearby sentences, adding missing words, using coordinating conjunctions or punctuation to join independent clauses, or separating clauses into individual sentences.
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This document discusses different ways to combine simple sentences into more complex sentences for improved writing variety. It describes three main options: using a comma with a coordinating conjunction, using a semicolon between two simple sentences, and using a semicolon with a conjunctive adverb. It provides examples of each and exercises for the reader to practice identifying and correcting run-on sentences and comma splices.
Best structure.ppt
The document defines and provides examples of basic sentence elements including the subject, predicate, object, and different types of clauses. It explains that a subject is the doer of the action or topic of the sentence. A predicate states something about the subject. An object receives the action of the verb. Sentences can be simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex depending on the number and types of clauses. Fragments and run-on sentences are errors that occur when clauses are not properly connected.
Sentence Structure
This document discusses sentence structure and defines key concepts such as clauses, phrases, fragments, and run-on sentences. It explains that clauses contain both a subject and verb and are the core components of a sentence. Fragments are incomplete thoughts without a subject and verb, while run-on sentences improperly connect two independent clauses without punctuation. The document provides examples to illustrate these concepts and practices identifying sentences as clauses, fragments, or run-ons.
Sentence stucture review
This document discusses different types of sentences including complete sentences, fragments, run-on sentences, and compound sentences. It defines independent and dependent clauses and provides examples. It also discusses ways to identify and fix fragments and run-on sentences such as attaching fragments to complete sentences, adding missing elements, or rewriting. The document emphasizes the importance of sentence structure and variety.
Use what you have learned so far to bring variety in your writing. U.pdf
Use what you have learned so far to bring variety in your writing. Use the following lines or your
own sheet of paper to write six sentences that practice each basic sentence pattern. When you
have finished, label each part of the sentence (S, V, LV, N, Adj, Adv, DO, IO).
1. ________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________
6. ________________________________________________________________
Solution
The sentences you have encountered so far have been independent clauses. As you look more
closely at your past writing assignments, you may notice that some of your sentences are not
complete. A sentence that is missing a subject or a verb is called a fragment. A fragment may
include a description or may express part of an idea, but it does not express a complete thought.
Fragment: Children helping in the kitchen.
Complete sentence: Children helping in the kitchen often make a mess.
You can easily fix a fragment by adding the missing subject or verb. In the example, the sentence
was missing a verb. Adding often make a mess creates an S-V-N sentence structure. Figure 3.1
illustrates how you can edit a fragment to become a complete sentence.
Editing Fragments That Are Missing a Subject or a Verb
Fragment: Told her about the broken vase.
Complete sentence: I told her about the broken vase.
Complete sentence: The store down on Main Street sells music.
Common Sentence Errors
Fragments often occur because of some common errors, such as starting a sentence with a
preposition, a dependent word, an infinitive, or a gerund. If you use the six basic sentence
patterns when you write, you should be able to avoid these errors and thus avoid writing
fragments.
When you see a preposition, check to see that it is part of a sentence containing a subject and a
verb. If it is not connected to a complete sentence, it is a fragment, and you will need to fix this
type of fragment by combining it with another sentence. You can add the prepositional phrase to
the end of the sentence. If you add it to the beginning of the other sentence, insert a comma after
the prepositional phrase. Look at the examples. Figure 3.2 illustrates how you can edit a
fragment that begins with a preposition.
Example A:
[Incorrect: After walking over two miles. John remembered his wallet. Correct: After walking
over two miles, John remembered his wallet. Correct: John remembered his wallet after walking
over two miles.]
Example B:
[Incorrect: The dog growled at the vacuum cleaner. When it was switched on. Correct: When the
vacuum cleaner was switched on, the dog growled. Correct: The dog growled at the vacuum
cleaner when it was switched on.]
Clauses that start with a dependent word—such as since, because, without.
Introduction to Assignment This assignment contains a number of s.docx
Introduction to Assignment
: This assignment contains a number of sections. Each section contains a reading followed by a practice exercise. To complete the assignment, you need to respond to all the practice exercises in the assignment.
Directions
: Type out the answers to all the practice exercises on a separate sheet of paper. This sheet of paper or document will be known as the “Answer Sheet for Grammar Assignment 2” Be sure to number your answer sheet in the same way the practice exercises are numbered. For this assignment, your answer sheet should be numbered from 1 through 56. Also, be aware that for some of the practice exercises you have to rewrite the sentences to complete the practice, and for some of the practice exercise you do not have to rewrite the sentences to complete the practice.
Where and How to Submit Assignment
: When you complete the assignment, you will submit it either by uploading it as an attachment or by cutting and pasting the assignment from your word processing program into the textbox. Both of these options appear at the bottom of the assignment page. If you cut and paste your assignment into the textbox, be sure to do so by choosing the option to “Paste from Word.” Using this option will maintain your original formatting. To access the “Paste from Word” option, click on the three dots that appear in the box in the far right hand corner of the textbox. After you do this, several more buttons should appear. Once these buttons appear, click on the arrow beside the picture of the clipboard in order to see the option “Paste from Word.” Click on this option and follow the directions provided.
If you send the assignment as an attachment, name the attachment in the following way: GA2LastName. For example, if I were submitting the assignment as an attachment, I would name the attachment GA2Tolbert.
If you submit the exercise as an attachment, be sure to save it and attach it as a Rich Text Format (RTF) since the majority of computers can open an RTF attachment.
If you submit an assignment as an attachment that my computer will not open, I will return the assignment to you ungraded. The assignment will remain ungraded until you submit it in a form my computer will open
.
When to Submit Your Assignment:
Grammar Assignment 2 is due by 11:59 Eastern Standard Time on
Sunday, November 2, 2014.
How to Format Assignmen
t:
Title
: Center the following information at the top of the completed exercise:
Answer Sheet for Grammar Assignment 2
Font
: 12pt Times New Roman
Spacing
: Double Spacing
If you have any questions about how to do Grammar Assignment 2 or how to submit it, be sure to let me know.
Section 1: Past Tense of Regular Verbs [The following information about verb tenses is taken from p. 72 of
Writing for Success
.]
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Qtr 2 BM Review
The document provides a review of grammar topics for the second quarter including subject-verb agreement, troublesome verbs, verb tenses, sentence structures, and appositives. Examples and practice questions are provided for each topic to help students identify subjects and verbs, direct and indirect objects, inconsistent verb tenses, simple sentences, compound sentences, and appositives.
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- The present continuous is used to describe actions happening now or at the specific time of speaking, to set contexts for today's situations, and to mention future plans. It is formed using the present form of "to be" plus the verb's "-ing" form.
- The main difference between the tenses is that the present continuous indicates ongoing actions while the present simple expresses habitual or permanent situations.
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Use what you have learned so far to bring variety in your writing. U.pdf
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Grammar grips fragments and_comma_spl
- 3. Sentence Fragments Complete sentences consist of an independent clause (can stand alone) that includes a subject and a verb. A sentence fragment is missing a subject, a complete verb (verb + helping verb), or necessary articles, or begins with a conjunction.
- 4. Test for a fragment Step 1: Does the clause have a subject? No: it is a fragment Yes: Go to step 2 Step 2: Does the clause have a verb? No: it is a fragment Yes: Go to step 3 Step 3: Does the clause begin with a subordinating conjunction or preposition? No: You have a complete sentence. Yes: The clause is a fragment.
- 5. Examples: I fell off the curb. On my way to the store. Student falls off ladder. Although he fell off the ladder.
- 6. Repair fragments by Attaching the fragment to a nearby sentence or making the fragment a complete sentence. I fell off the curb on my way to the store. I fell off the curb. I was on my way to the store.
- 7. OR Adding whatever the phrase/clause is missing. Student falls off ladder = A student fell of a ladder. Although he fell off the ladder = Although he fell off the ladder, he didn’t get hurt.
- 8. Comma Splice A comma splice occurs when two or more independent clauses (can stand alone) are incorrectly joined by a comma. Splice: We have a code orange smog alert today, the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.
- 9. Repair comma splices by Adding a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, for, etc.) We have a code orange smog alert today, so the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.
- 10. OR Using a semicolon or period to make the clauses separate sentences. We have a code orange smog alert today; the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups. We have a code orange smog alert today. The air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.
- 11. Be careful with however, therefore, thus, hence, etc.; these are not coordinating conjunctions. We have a code orange smog alert today, therefore the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups. (comma splice) We have a code orange smog alert today, however, healthy people are not at risk. (comma splice)
- 12. Fused Sentence A fused sentence occurs when two or more independent clauses (can stand alone) are joined by NO punctuation. Fused: We have a code orange smog alert today the air is unhealthy for sensitive groups.
- 13. Fix a fused sentence using the same techniques used to fix comma splices.
- 14. Practice We went to the mall however we didn’t buy anything. John built a shed out back he did it by himself.