Cold calling involves making unsolicited phone calls to potential employers or clients in order to engage them in conversation and ultimately make a proposition for work or a sale. It requires being positive, friendly, and relaxed on the phone to avoid coming across as pushy or insincere. Preparation is key - research the contact in advance so you can find common ground and adapt your approach based on their interests. The goal is to have a natural conversation where you learn about them and look for opportunities to follow up in a way that leaves the door open for future discussions.