This document discusses techniques for cochlear implantation through the middle cranial fossa approach. It describes performing a superior cochleostomy just below the origin of the greater superficial petrosal nerve. It cautions not to fear injury to the carotid artery, which is 1 cm anterior. It also details identifying structures like the facial nerve and drilling the internal auditory canal from medial to lateral to avoid injuring the cochlea. Electrodes are described being placed in the basal, middle, and apical turns of the cochlea. Facial nerve stimulation is a risk if electrodes contact the labyrinthine segment, so selective deactivation may be needed. The document emphasizes the importance of anatomical landmarks and
Imaging plays an important part in the work-up of cochlear implant candidates, and an understanding of imaging evaluation procedures is essential. The CI Surgeon must be familiar with imaging findings that contraindicate implantation (absence of the cochlea or cochlear nerve) and with those that could significantly alter surgery (facial nerve dehiscence, cochlear ossification). It is also imperative to be familiar with the growing number of imaging options (particularly magnetic resonance [MR] imaging pulse sequences) to optimize evaluation of cochlear implant candidates. CI Surgeon will assume an expanding role in evaluating affected patients as the frequency of cochlear implantation continues to increase.
Imaging requirements for cochlear implantation prepared by Dr. Prahlada N.B, Karnataka ENT Hospital & Research Center, Chitradurga.
Imaging plays an important part in the work-up of cochlear implant candidates, and an understanding of imaging evaluation procedures is essential. The CI Surgeon must be familiar with imaging findings that contraindicate implantation (absence of the cochlea or cochlear nerve) and with those that could significantly alter surgery (facial nerve dehiscence, cochlear ossification). It is also imperative to be familiar with the growing number of imaging options (particularly magnetic resonance [MR] imaging pulse sequences) to optimize evaluation of cochlear implant candidates. CI Surgeon will assume an expanding role in evaluating affected patients as the frequency of cochlear implantation continues to increase.
Imaging requirements for cochlear implantation prepared by Dr. Prahlada N.B, Karnataka ENT Hospital & Research Center, Chitradurga.
this prsentation incluses HRCT temportal bone cross sectional anatomy images axial saggital and coronal with labelled diagram. This presentation help alot for radiology resident. Thanks.
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Posterio anterior cephalometrics / dental implant courses by Indian dental ac...Indian dental academy
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Postero anterior cephalometrics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indi...Indian dental academy
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Revision of the Anatomy of the Posterior Aspect of the Eyeball - An Essentia...DrAbdelLatifsiam
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An account of the accurate topography of the posterior aspect of the globe is given and is documented with cadaver eye dissection and in vivo measurements. A review of previous textbook description and publications of this anatomy has been made and all were surprisingly inaccurate
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Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
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4. APICAL TURN / SUPERIOR TURN
cochleostomy in middle cranial
fossa approach
So the indication of middle cranial fossa superior
cochleostomy insertion is in infected cases after CWD
+ SP ( subtotal petrosectomy ) We can do redo by fat
risnced in rifampacin . But if you want to go by sterile
area middle cranial fossa superior cochleostomy &
reverse insertion & reverse programming
5. Superior cochleostomy in middle cranial fossa is just below origin
of GSPN Don't fear about carotid ( metal probe ) . Petrous carotid
is 1 cm anterior to origin of GSPN
6. Superior cochleostomy in middle cranial fossa is just below origin
of GSPN Don't fear about carotid ( metal probe ) . Petrous carotid
is 1 cm anterior to origin of GSPN
7. Superior cochleostomy in middle cranial fossa is just below origin
of GSPN Don't fear about carotid ( metal probe ) . Petrous carotid
is 1 cm anterior to origin of GSPN
8. Probe in Superior cochleostomy in
middle cranial fossa is just below origin
of GSPN
11. See the probe inserted through superior cochleostomy from
middle cranial fossa exactly corresponds to superior
cochleostomy just below tensor tympani from middle ear
12. See the probe inserted through superior cochleostomy from
middle cranial fossa exactly corresponds to superior
cochleostomy just below tensor tympani from middle ear
13. See the probe inserted through superior cochleostomy from middle cranial
fossa exactly corresponds to superior cochleostomy just below tensor
tympani from middle ear
14. See the probe inserted through superior cochleostomy
from middle cranial fossa exactly corresponds to
superior cochleostomy just below tensor tympani from
middle ear
16. Just now i fractured
tegmen of middle ear with
my finger nail … it is so thin
…………..So identify ossicles
of middle ear through very
thin middle ear tegmen &
then identify horizontal
facial nerve & then 1st
genu & then labyrinthine
facial nerve ...... simplest
way to decompress
labyrinthine Or else if you
come from medically you
may injure cochlea or SSC
17. Note horizontal part of facial nerve
through middle cranial fossa as
continuation of GSPN
18. tegmen of middle ear is so thin …………..So identify ossicles of
middle ear through very thin middle ear tegmen & then identify
horizontal facial nerve & then 1st genu & then labyrinthine facial
nerve ...... simplest way to decompress labyrinthine Or else if you
come from medically you may injure cochlea or SSC
19. Note horizontal part of facial nerve
through middle cranial fossa as
continuation of GSPN
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. facial nerve in lateral part of IAC decompression is difficult even in middle
cranial fossa. It is between two solid bones of cochlea & SSC
25. facial nerve in lateral part of IAC decompression is difficult even
in middle cranial fossa. It is between two solid bones of cochlea
& SSC
27. IAC conical tube present in angle of
SSC crest & GSPN ( more than 50 %
dehiscent )
28. IAC conical tube present in angle of
SSC crest & GSPN ( more than 50 %
dehiscent )
29. IAC has to be drilled from medial to lateral IAC first must be opened medially & then
only tracked along the direction of IAC ( postero-laterally ) Unless you injure cochlea
basal & medial turns
30. IAC has to be drilled from medial to lateral IAC first must be
opened medially & then only tracked along the direction of IAC (
postero-laterally ) Unless you injure cochlea basal & medial turns
41. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea & exactly
corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array of CI stimulates
labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op . Then we have to switch
off those electrodes in software programming .
42. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea &
exactly corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array
of CI stimulates labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op
. Then we have to switch off those electrodes in software programming .
43. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea & exactly
corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array of CI stimulates
labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op . Then we have to switch
off those electrodes in software programming .
44. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea &
exactly corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array
of CI stimulates labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op
. Then we have to switch off those electrodes in software programming .
45. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea & exactly
corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array of CI stimulates
labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op . Then we have to switch
off those electrodes in software programming .
46. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea &
exactly corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array
of CI stimulates labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op
. Then we have to switch off those electrodes in software programming .
47. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea &
exactly corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array
of CI stimulates labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op
. Then we have to switch off those electrodes in software programming .
48. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea & exactly corresponds
to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array of CI stimulates labyrinthine part of facial
nerve causing twitchings in post-op . Then we have to switch off those electrodes in software
programming .
49. So the metal probe in perisiers triangle goes to the middle turn of cochlea &
exactly corresponds to labyrinthine part of facial nerve So middle turn array
of CI stimulates labyrinthine part of facial nerve causing twitchings in post-op
. Then we have to switch off those electrodes in software programming .
61. Superior Vestibular nerve ( SVN ) & facial nerve separatedby bills bar , that I
drilled . Observe here SVN & FN converge . Where as IVN & cochlear nerve
diverge ……….. This convergence of SVN & FN very useful in MRI reading
62. See horizontal Septum in IAC below SVN & FN ;
I cut superior Vestibular nerve ( SVN ) & FN
83. Intact facial canal technique of Skull base .
If you transpose grade 3 facial palsy comes .
84. Ampulla of PSC bisects vertical part of
facial nerve exactly at midpoint
85. See probe coming to Sinus tympani So while clearing Sinus tympani PSC
exposed ... becareful
86. CI after LABYRINTHECTOMY
Only two is enough for CI – one is
cochlea & another cochlear nerve –
so even in vestibular schwannoma
excision by translabyrinthine
exposure we can do CI & patient
hears
94. IAC & VA are two eyes of baby in
temporal boone
95. IAC & VA are two eyes of baby in
temporal boone
96.
97. Endolymphatic duct & Vestibular aqueduct both are same or not ........ I have to refer .
....... but clearly there is duct from vestibule to endolymphatic sac area . If it is more
than 1.5 mm it is " dilated Vestibular aqueduct " Another 1.5mm is ........, if COA (
cochlear aperture ) less than 1.5mm it is cochlear nerve aplasia.
98. Mario sanna book mention >1.5 mm VA dilated . For mnemonic sake 1.5 mm
is there at both VA & COA . One is more & one is less respectively
99. Radiologically if the width of the Vestibular aqueduct is more than the width
of the PSC, then it is dilated. -----Satish jain sir says >2mm VA dilated in any
section .
100. In HRCT Temporal bone Vestibular aqueduct ( VA )is seen parallel
to PSC ( Posterior semi circular canal ) Here also after drilling PSC
we are seeing VA
101. anatomically also after drilling PSC we are seeing VA .... so radiologically also
both sizes same [ my mnemonic & philosophy ] ..... if VA more than PSC it is
dilated
102.
103. Abnormal cochleas dissection photos
added later in few days
Essence of abnormal cochleas
1. IP 2 is exactly like normal cochlea
2. IP 3 - wide cochleostomy & precurved electrode
3. cochlear hypoplasia -- outcomes depends on how many number
of electrodes inserted . Minimum 10 electrodes insertion should
be there to get better outcome
4. IP 1 - lateral wall electrode
5. common cavity - lateral wall electrode
6. CHARGE - still try CI , not working then ABI.
7. michel - ABI directly
In all abnormalities see cochlear nerve aplasia .... even absent in MRI ,
do EABR & keep CI
104. Part-1 of this PPT
present at weblink
www.skullbase360.in