Coastlines are under threat from erosion caused by waves. Waves create wave cut platforms by forcing water into cracks in rock faces, widening the cracks and breaking away the rock over time. Caves form from the widening of faults from hydraulic action and corrosion from acid in seawater. Arches are formed from the further erosion of original caves in lines of weakness. Stacks are produced when arches collapse due to gravity, and stumps are what remain when stacks are eroded further.