1) The document provides historical context on key events and innovations from the 1850s to early 1900s, including the development of steel production, transcontinental railroad, invention of the telephone, and Wright brothers' first flight. 2) It discusses political machines like Tammany Hall in New York City and the rise of farmers alliances in the late 1800s advocating for farmers' rights. 3) The document also mentions voting restrictions targeting African Americans in the South post-Reconstruction like poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses that were used to limit black voting and enfranchisement.

1. Ashley Tipton
2nd period

2. Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter
13 14 15 16
Monopoly- began in the 1850’s .
Many industries felt “if you cant Homestead Act-offered 160
beat’em , join’em” industries started acres of land to any citizen or
merging together(when 1 intended citizen who was head of
corporation bought out the stock of the household and would
another)When 1 bought out all its cultivate the land for 5 years .
competitors it could have complete
600,000 people took this
control above its industries
productions, wages, and prices.
advantage from 1862-1900
1850 1862 1864
Sand Creek Massacre- Most
Cheyenne's thought they were
Bessemer Process- under protection of the U.S
Was developed by a government , when the Cheyenne
British manufacturer peacefully returned to Colorado’s
Henry Bessemer. It is Sand Creek Reserve for winter but
a cheap and efficient General Curtis wanted them to
process for making suffer so he telegram Colonel John
steel. You inject air Chivington . In response Colonel
into molten iron to John descended the Cheyenne
remove carbon and and Arapaho . The attack at dawn
impurities. on November 29, 1864 killed over
150 inhabitants.

3. Tammy Hall-William M.
Tweed ,known as boss
Tweed, became head of
Tammy Hall , New York
City’s powerful
Democratic political
machine
1867 1868
Oliver Kelley- Transcontinental
In 1867 , He Railroad-1850-1871
started the federal gov’t made
Patrons of huge land grants to
Husbandry , the rail roads. Late
which was an 1860’s two
organization companies raced to
for farmers . lay tracks. By June
which 5th 1869 both
became companies reached
known as the Utah linking the east
Grange. and west forever

4. John D. Rockefeller- In
1870 , Rockefeller's
standard oil company of
Ohio processed 2% to 3%
of all countries crude oil .
Within a decade it
controlled 90% of the
refining business. He
dominated the American
Industry.
1869 1870
George Westinghouse- In
1869 at age 22 he invented a
railroad braking system using
compressed air. The
Westinghouse system used a
compressor on the locomotive ,
a reservoir and a special valve
on each car, and a single pipe
running the length of the train
which both refilled the
reservoirs and controlled the
brakes, applying and releasing
the breaks on all cars
simultaneously.

5. 1871 1874 1875

6. National Farmer’s Alliance- In 1876
people who sympathized with
Alexander
farmers alliances sent lectures out
Graham Bell-
everywhere to educate people on
invented the
topics like lower interest rate on
telephone.
loans and gov’t control on railroads
and banks.
1876 1876
Colored Farmer’s Alliance-About
Battle Of Little 250,000 African Americans
Bighorn-Early June belonged to some colored farmers
1876 the Sioux and alliance . Some alliances promoted
Cheyenne where cooperation between black and
ready for George white alliance but most accepted
Custer when he the separation.
reached Little Bighorn
River. The native
Americans were
outflanked and within
an hour Custer and his
men were dead.

7. Sitting Bull-Before the Battle of the Little Bighorn,
Sitting Bull had a vision in which he saw the
defeat of the 7th Cavalry under Lt. Col. George
Armstrong Custer on June 25, 1876. Sitting Bull's
leadership motivated his people to a major
victory. Months after the battle, Sitting Bull and
his group left the United States for Wood
Mountain, Saskatchewan, where he remained
until 1881, at which time he surrendered to U.S.
forces.
1876 1877 1879

8. 1880

11. 1883 1884

12. 1885 1886 1887

13. George Eastman- (July 12, 1854 – March 14,
1932) was an American innovator and
entrepreneur who founded the Eastman Kodak
Company and popularized the use of roll film,
helping to bring photography to the mainstream
1888
Poll Tax- An annual
tax that had to be
paid before qualifying
to vote. Black as well
as white
sharecroppers were to
often too poor to pay
poll tax

14. 1889 1890

15. 1890

16. 1890

17. Eugene v. Debs- A debate on
who should be able to do labor
work. At the time only skilled
people could work. So there was
an Attempt to make an industry
“The American Railway Union” .
A union that used both skilled
and unskilled labor workers in
1894 the new union won strike
for higher wages.
1892 1895

18. Mark Twain-Samuel Langhorne
Clemens better known by his pen name
Mark Twain, was an American author
and humorist He achieved great
success as a writer and public speaker.
His wit and satire earned praise from
critics and peers, and he was a friend to
presidents, artists, industrialists, and
European royalty.
Plessey vs. Ferguson-
the supreme court
ruled that the
separation of races in
public
accommodations was
legal and did not
violate the 14th
amendment.

19. Orville and Wilbur Wright-bicycle
manufactures from Dayton, Ohio
experimented with new engines powerful
enough to keep "heavier-than-air ” craft a
lot. First the wright brothers built a glider.
Then they commissioned a four-cylinder
internal combustion engine , chose a
propeller , and designed a biplane with a
40’4” wingspan. Their first successful flight
as on Dec17 1903 at kitty hawk , NC
1900’s
Literacy Test- voting
restrictions in the
south limited blacks
votes. The test for
black were very hard
and sometimes in a
different language.
officials could pass or
fail people creating
the opportunity of
discrimination

20. 1900’s
Grandfather Clause-The original
grandfather clauses were contained in
new state constitutions and Jim Crow
laws passed from 1890 to 1910 in many
of the Southern United States to
prevent blacks, Mexican Americans (in
Texas), and certain whites from voting.
Prohibitions on freedmen's voting in
place before 1870 were nullified by the
Fifteenth Amendment.

21. URL’s for cover page
• http://tinyurl.com/b97fe3c
• http://tinyurl.com/absdegb
• http://tinyurl.com/a6yp2ah
• http://tinyurl.com/c59d27n
• http://tinyurl.com/cennw6p
• http://tinyurl.com/bq7rcd7

22. URL’s
• http://tinyurl.com/2bmvfo
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booker_T._Washi
ngton
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Pulitzer
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Eastman
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandfather_cla
use
• http://tinyurl.com/c4uazvu

23. URL’s
• http://tinyurl.com/c3bpn6n
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Law_O
lmsted
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Westing
house
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilded_Age
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Twain

24. URL’s
• http://www.legendsofamerica.com/na-
sandcreek.html
• http://tinyurl.com/br6nocx
• http://tinyurl.com/c92pzmf
• http://tinyurl.com/czsqkp6
• http://tinyurl.com/d6lwnjl
• http://tinyurl.com/bnp48dj

25. URL’s
• http://tinyurl.com/btjwoz2
• http://tinyurl.com/d4us3ts
• http://www.google.com/search?q=battle+of+little+big
horn&hl=en&rlz=1T4LENP_en___US466&source=lnms
&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=PHJGUenXNpTK9QTQoAE&ved=0
CAoQ_AUoAQ&biw=1187&bih=534#imgrc=bQ1C8fRDt
RZvqM%3A%3B5Uo4SaYtN5BNvM%3Bhttp%253A%252
F%252Fwww.nps.gov%252Flibi%252Fhistoryculture%2
52Fimages%252FCall_of_the_Bugle.jpg%3Bhttp%253A
%252F%252Fwww.nps.gov%252Flibi%252Fhistorycultu
re%252Fthe-battle-of-the-little-
bighorn.htm%3B1461%3B1035

26. URL’s
• http://tinyurl.com/d4xd9o8
• http://tinyurl.com/c6m9a66
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wild_Bill_Hickok_sepia.png
• http://tinyurl.com/c9lkffb
• http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wiki
pedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Samuel_Gompers_cph.3a02952.jpg/220px-
Samuel_Gompers_cph.3a02952.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wi
ki/Samuel_Gompers&h=261&w=176&sz=1&tbnid=kK1XscVgQUpCNM:&tb
nh=186&tbnw=125&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dsamuel%2Bgompers%26tbm%
3Disch%26tbo%3Du&zoom=1&q=samuel+gompers&usg=__6-
ZS5IlcV8SyJT3r7FEIW7OKFt4=&docid=sBIqBU4GXS-
IPM&itg=1&hl=en&sa=X&ei=XnVGUaTnJo_E9gTBu4GQAQ&sqi=2&ved=0C
H0Q_B0wCg
•

27. URL’s
• http://tinyurl.com/cbsmad7
• http://tinyurl.com/bn8br6h
• http://en.nkfu.com/booker-t-washington-
quotes/
• http://tinyurl.com/dx37zxu
• http://tinyurl.com/csuzdld
• http://tinyurl.com/ckq369r
• http://tinyurl.com/c9xezg2

28. URL’s
• http://tinyurl.com/buffdmt
• http://tinyurl.com/c8zofk6