The document discusses the production technology of cluster bean, also known as guar. It is an annual legume grown for its seeds and guar gum. Varieties grown in Pakistan include BR-90, BR-99, and BR-2017. Cluster bean grows well in semi-arid regions and tolerates drought and salinity. It requires temperatures between 25-30°C and a pH of 7.0-8.0. Sowing is done from February to July, with a seed rate of 5-6 kg/acre. Fertilizer and two weedings are also needed. Pests include jassid, termites and beetles. Harvest occurs 50-80 days after sowing. Grain

2. TOPIC: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF
CLUSTER BEAN
 Presented By: Muhammad Faizan
 Registration # : 2013-ag-2118
 Department: Agronomy
 Degree: B.Sc(Hons)

3. SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
 Kingdom : Plantae
 Order : Fabales
 Family : Fabaceae
 Genus : Cyamopsis
 Species : Tetragonoloba
Botanical name :“Cyamopsis tetragonoloba”
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guar

4. CLUSTER BEAN
The cluster bean is an
annual legume and the source
of guar gum. It is also known
as Guar, or Guar bean.
Reference:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guar

5. IMPORTANCE
 Guar is an important leguminous crop.
 It is grown in our country mainly as green fodder, but
also for use as grain, green manure, and a vegetable.
 It is a very popular crop, particularly in the low-rainfall
areas of Punjab and Sindh.
 It is known for its drought resistance and its soil-
renovating qualities.
 Guar gum has several uses in industry and in various
food products and is also a foreign exchange earner for
our country.
Reference: https://agrihunt.com/articles/major-
crops/cluster-bean/

6. Origin and History
 The origin of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba is unknown.
 It is assumed to have developed from the African
species Cyamopsis senegalensis. It was further
domesticated in India and Pakistan.
 Guar grows well in semiarid areas, but frequent
rainfall is necessary.
Reference: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guar

7. Guar growing areas in Pakistan
 Thar, UmerKot, Dadu, Nagar Parker, Naukot and
Tharparkar Districts in Sindh province,
 Layyah, Bhakkar, Mianwali and Khushab in the
Punjab province,
 Pezzu, Lakki Marwat and D.I.Khan in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa province,
 Lasbela and Makran in Baluchistan province.
Reference: https://www.pakchem.com.pk/about-
guar

8. Varities
In Pakistan, there are three
varities
BR-90
BR-99
BR-2017

9. Production Technology
Climate
 It is a warm weather crop.
 It prefers long day condition for vegetative growth and short day condition for flowering
and fruiting.
 It is a drought resistant crop and therefore grows well in arid zone and is suitable for
areas with 30-40 cm of annual rainfall.
 It cannot withstand water logging conditions.
 Optimum temperature for guar germination is 25-30O
Reference http://agroan.com/guar/

10. Soil
 It can be grown on a wide range of soils but performs best in
medium to light soils.
 It does not thrive well on very heavy and water logged soils.
 It is sensitive to water logging so good drainage is required.
 This crop tolerates salinity and drought conditions.
 Optimum soil pH ranges between 7.0 and 8.0.
Reference: http://agroan.com/guar/

11. LAND PREPARATION
 Guar does not require much field
preparation.
 Give first ploughing by soil turning
plough (20-25 cm deep) and
thereafter give 1-2 ploughings
followed by planking.
 There should be sufficient moisture
in the field at the time of sowing.
 The field should be free from weeds
and crop stubbles.
Reference: http://agroan.com/guar/

12. Sowing Time
 To earn more money from green pods as vegetable it can be
grown from February – March.
 For green fodder and green manuring, the crop is grown
during the months of April to July.
 For seed purpose best time of sowing is May to July.
 In rainfed areas the sowing is done after the monsoon rains.
Reference: http://www.valleyirrigationpakistan.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/09/Guar-Cultivation-in-Pakistan.pdf

13. Sowing Method
 If the crop is sown for fodder purpose or green manuring
then broadcasting is done.
 if it is sown for seed purpose then drilling is better.
Spacing
 Row to row: 45 cm
 Less spreading Varieties: 30 cm
 Plant to plant: 15 cm
Reference: http://agroan.com/guar/

14. Seed Rate
 Early sown variety: 5-6 kg/acre
 Normal sowing time: 7-8 kg/acre
Irrigation
 The crop may mature without any irrigation if the rains are normal and timely.
 Generally one irrigation at pod development is required in guar if there has been
less rainfall.
Reference: http://agroan.com/guar/

15. Fertilizer
 Guar crop needs 10 – 12 tons of well decomposed farmyard manure especially when it is
being cultivated on poor sandy soils. This manure is applied a month before sowing.
 Nitrogenous fertilizers are applied only in small quantity. DAP fertilizer about 125 kg,
SOP 125 kg per hectare are applied as basal dose at the time of sowing.
Reference: http://www.valleyirrigationpakistan.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/09/Guar-Cultivation-in-Pakistan.pdf

16. Weed Control
 Two weedings/hoeings are required to
control weeds in guar.
 First weeding/hoeing: 25 days after
sowing
 If needed Second weeding/hoeing: 45-50
days after sowing
Reference: http://agroan.com/guar/

17. Insects and Pest
 Jassid
 Termites
 Beetles
Diseases
 Bacterial Leaf Blight
 Anthracnose
 Alternaria Leaf Spot

18. Harvesting and Yield:
 When crop is grown for fodder purpose the plants are cut at flowering
stage or when the pods are beginning to emerge. This stage comes 50 to
80 days after sowing.
 For green manuring, the crop can be plough down as soon as the pods
begin to develop. The yield of the green crop is about 12 tons per hectare.
 When crop is grown for seeds, it is left until the pods are mature, then
harvested with the help of sickles or combine harvester. After harvesting,
crop is dried and then threshed.
 Grain yield can be obtained from 6 – 20 maunds depending upon the crop
growth and variety.
Reference: http://www.valleyirrigationpakistan.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/09/Guar-Cultivation-in-Pakistan.pdf