The document provides a comparison of cloud storage options across AWS, Azure, Google, and IBM. It summarizes the key services and features of block/disk storage, object storage, and file storage for each cloud. It includes details on pricing, performance characteristics, replication, availability, and encryption capabilities. Example scenarios are also provided to illustrate the monthly costs for common configurations on each cloud platform.

1. CLOUD STORAGE COMPARISON:
AWS VS AZURE VS GOOGLE VS IBM

2. • Raphael Simon
• CTO, RightScale
• Kim Weins
• VP Marketing and Cloud Cost Strategy
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4. Multi-Cloud Strategy
3

5. Organizations Use Multiple Clouds
4

6. Public Cloud Adoption
5

7. • Which clouds and why?
• Block/Disk Storage
• Object Storage
• Hot
• Cool
• Cold (Archival)
• File Storage
• Pricing
Agenda
6

8. • Filling in the gaps
• The vendors now have the basics in place
• AWS:
• Ability to encrypt by default all S3 objects in a bucket
• Encryption at rest for EFS
• Ability to tag volumes on creation
• Azure:
• Azure Archive Blob Storage
• Blob-Level Tiering
• Encryption at rest for managed disks
• Cross-region managed disk replication with Azure Site Recovery
• Google:
• Cloud Storage pub/sub notifications
• IBM
• Newly added this year
What’s New Over the Last Year
7

9. BLOCK STORAGE

10. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name EBS Managed Disks Persistent Disk Block Storage
Availability SLA 99.99% 99.9% 99.95% Info not available
Volume Types Cold HDD
Throughput Optimized HDD
General Purpose SSD
PIOPs SSD
Magnetic (previous gen)
Standard
Premium (SSD)
Standard
SSD
SSD
-Endurance tiers
-Performance (PIOPS)
IOPs/GB for SSD GP SSD = 3
PIOPS SSD up to 50/GB
1.8 to 4.9 - fixed by
disk type
30 Endurance .25 to 10
PIOPs up to 48K
Block/Disk Storage - Overview
9
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

11. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name
Throughput
Optimized HDD
Standard Managed
Disks
Standard N/A
Volume Sizes 500GB to 16TB 1GB to 4TB 1GB to 64TB N/A
Max IOPs per volume 500 500
3,000 read, 15,000
write
N/A
Max Throughput per volume
(MB/s)
500 60 180 read, 120 write N/A
Replication
Multiple copies
within the AZ
LRS – multiple
copies within
datacenter
Built-in redundancy N/A
Block/Disk Storage - Magnetic
10
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

12. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name
SSD General Purpose
SSD PIOPS
Premium
Managed Disks
SSD
SSD Endurance
SSD Performance (PIOPS)
Volume Sizes
1GB to 16TB GP
4GB to 16TB PIOPs
1GB to 4TB 1GB to 64TB 20 GB to 12 TB for PIOPS
Max IOPs per volume
10,000 GP
32,000 PIOPs
7500
40,000 read,
30,000 write
48,000
Max IOPS per instance 80,000 80,000
40,000 read
30,000 write
No info available
Max Throughput per
volume (MB/s)
160 GP
500 PIOPs
250 800 read, 400 write
768 (depends on IOPS and
block size)
Replication
Multiple copies within
the AZ
LRS – multiple
copies within
datacenter
Built-in redundancy
Based on copying
snapshots
Block/Disk Storage - SSD
11
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

13. AWS Azure Google IBM
Incremental snapshots Yes No - full disk only Yes Per block
Snapshot Redundancy
Multiple AZs in the
region
Multiple zones in the
region
Multiple locations Manual
Snapshots available
cross-region
Can copy across
regions
Can copy across
regions
Yes, within a project No info available
Block/Disk Storage – Snapshots
12
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

14. AWS Azure Google IBM
Encryption Available; SSE
256-bit AES
Default via Azure Storage
Service Encryption (SSE) with
cloud provider managed keys
and 256-bit AES;
Also Azure Disk Encryption
with Azure Key Vault
Default;
SSE 128-bit AES for
HDD
SSE 256-bit AES for
SSD
Default
SSE 256-bit AES
Encryption at rest Yes, via encrypted
volumes
Yes Yes Yes
Encryption in transit
(instance to volume)
Yes, for encrypted
volumes
Yes Yes Info not available
Encryption of snapshots Yes, for encrypted
volumes
Yes (by default via SSE) Yes (by default) Yes, for encrypted
volumes
Cloud provider controls
keys
Available Available Available No
User controls keys Available Available Available Yes
KMS Available Available Available. No
Block/Disk Storage –Encryption
13
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

15. AWS Azure (us-east-2) Google IBM
Name of Services EBS Managed Disk Persistent Disk Block Storage
Magnetic
(per GB-month)
$0.045 $0.040 to $0.048
plus $0.0005 per 10K
transactions
$0.040 N/A
SSD
(per GB-month)
$0.100 $0.11 to $0.15 $0.170 $0.10 to $0.58
Included IOPS/GB 3 1.8 to 4.9 30 .25 to 10
PIOPs SSD
(per GB-month)
$.125 N/A N/A $.10
PIOPs SSD
(per IOPs)
$0.065 N/A N/A $.07
Snapshots
(per GB-month)
$0.050 On magnetic $0.050
On SSD $0.12
$0.026 No info available
Block/Disk Storage - Prices
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

16. AWS
monthly cost
Azure
monthly cost
Google
monthly cost
IBM
monthly cost
Name of Services EBS Managed Disk Persistent Disk Block Storage
Magnetic
500 GB
$22.50 $21.76 $20.00 N/A
SSD
500 GB, 1000 IOPs
$50.00 $66.56
P20 – 2300 IOPs
$85.00
Includes 15,000
IOPs
$100.00
SSD
500 GB, 2000 IOPs
$192.50
PIOPs SSD
$66.56
P20 – 2300 IOPs
$85.00
Includes 15,000
IOPs
$175.00
SSD
500 GB, 5000 IOPs
$650.00
PIOPs SSD
$122.88
P30 – 5000 IOPs
$85.00
Includes 15,000
IOPs
$290.00
Snapshots
500 GB
$25.00 $25.00 $13.00 Info not available
Block/Disk Storage - Scenarios
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

17. OBJECT STORAGE

18. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name S3 Azure Storage (Blobs) Google Cloud Storage IBM Object Storage
Hot S3 Standard Hot Blob Storage GCS Standard
Cool
S3 Standard – Infrequent
Access
Cool Blob Storage GCS Nearline Vault
Cold (Archival) Glacier Archive Blob Storage GCS Coldline Cold Vault
# Object Limits Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited
Unlimited per bucket
100 bucket limit
Object Size
Limit
5 TB 4.75 TB (Block blobs) 5TB 10 TB
Object Storage - Overview
17
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

19. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name S3 Standard Hot Blob Storage GCS
Standard Object
Storage
Replication
Automatic (regional);
Cross-region
LRS (in datacenter)
ZRS (across datacenters)
preview
GRS (2 regions)
RA-GRS (GRS with read access)
Regional or
Multi-regional
Single Datacenter
Regional
Cross-regional
Durability (Designed for) 11 9's
11 9’s for LRS
12 9’s for ZRS
16 9’s for GRS/RA-GRS
11 9's 11 9's
Availability (SLA) 99.9%
99.9% LRS, ZRS, GRS
99.99% for RAGRS reads
99.9%
99.95% for
Multi-regional)
Info not available
Min Storage Time N/A N/A N/A N/A
First Byte Latency milliseconds milliseconds milliseconds Info not available
Object Storage - Hot
18
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

20. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name S3 Infrequent Access Cool Blob Storage Nearline Vault
Replication
Automatic within
region; Option for
cross-region at extra
cost
LRS, ZRS, GRS, RA-GRS Regional
Single Datacenter
Regional
Cross-regional
Durability (Designed for) 11 9's
11 9’s for LRS
12 9’s for ZRS
16 9’s for GRS/RA-GRS
11 9's 11 9's
Availability (SLA) 99.0%
99% LRS, GRS, ZRS
99.9% for RAGRS reads
99% Info not available
Min Storage Time 30 days 30 days 30 days 30 days
First Byte Latency milliseconds milliseconds milliseconds Info not available
Object Storage - Cool
19
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

21. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name Glacier Archive Blob Coldline Cold Vault
Replication
Automatic within
region; Option for
cross-region at extra
cost
LRS, GRS, RA-GRS Regional
Single Datacenter
Regional
Cross-regional
Durability (Designed for) 11 9's
1 9’s for LRS
12 9’s for ZRS
16 9’s for GRS/RA-GRS
11 9's 11 9's
Availability (SLA) N/A
99%
99.9% for RAGRS reads
99% Info not available
Min Storage Time 90 days 180 days 90 days 90 days
First Byte Latency
select from minutes or
hours
<15 hours milliseconds Info not available
Object Storage – Cold/Archival
20
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

22. AWS Azure Google IBM
Encryption at rest
Available;
SSE 256-bit AES
Default;
SSE 256-bit AES
Default;
SSE 256-bit AES
Default;
SSE 256-bit AES
Encryption in transit
(instance to volume)
Use CSE or TLS Use CSE or TLS Use CSE or TLS Use CSE or TLS
Cloud provider controls
keys
Available Available Available Available
User controls keys Available
Only with CSE / in
preview with SSE
Available Available
KMS Available Available Available Available
Object Storage – Encryption
21
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

23. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name S3/Glacier Blob Storage GCS Object Storage
Hot Multi-Region
per GB-month
S3 Standard x2 $0.0460
Transfer $.0100
RA-GRS $0.0460
GRS/RA-GRS Transfer
$.0200
Multi-regional $0.0260
Transfer included
Cross-region $0.03
Hot Single Region
per GB-month
Standard $0.0230 LRS-Hot $0.0184 Regional $0.0200 Regional $0.022
Cool Single Region
per GB-month
Infrequent access $0.0125 LRS-Cool $0.0100 Nearline $0.0100 Reg. Vault $0.012
Cold Single Region
per GB-month
Glacier $0.0040 LRS-Archive $0.0020 Coldline $0.0070 Reg. Cold Vault 0.006
Object Storage - Prices
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

24. AWS
monthly cost
Azure
monthly cost
Google
monthly cost
IBM
monthly cost
Name of Services S3/Glacier Blob Storage GCS Object Storage
Hot Multi-Region
1000 GB stored
1000 GB transferred
$56.00 $66.00 $26.00 $30.00
Hot Single Region
1000 GB stored
$23.00 $18.40 $20.00 $22.00
Cool Single Region
1000 GB stored
$12.50 $10.00 $10.00 $12.00
Cold Single Region
1000 GB stored
$4.00 $2.00 $7.00 $6.00
Object Storage - Scenarios
Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

25. FILE STORAGE

26. AWS Azure Google IBM
Service Name EFS Azure File Storage GCS + FUSE adapter IBM File Storage
Storage size Scales elastically to
petabytes
5TB per file share, 500TB
per storage account
5TB per object Increment of 12TB
Scaling Automatic Manual Manual Manual
Attach to multiple
VMs
Yes Yes One read/write volume
and many read-only, or
NFS, or SMB, or Gluster
Yes
Replication Multiple AZs in the region LRS or GRS Built-in redundancy Via scheduled snapshots
Throughput 50MB/s (burst to 100) per
TB of storage
60MB/s per file share 180 MB/s read, 120 MB/s
write
Up to 48k IOPS
On-premise support NFS v4.1 SMB 3.0 NFS, SMB NFS
Backup Use 3rd party tools, AWS
Data Pipeline, sync to
EBS +snapshot.
Azure Backup Snapshots Snapshots
Encryption at rest Yes Yes Yes Yes
File Storage - Overview
25Source: RightScaleAs of Feb 26, 2018

27. • The options are a bit apples-to-oranges
• AWS EFS $.30-$0.36 per GB-month (based on region)
• Includes all replication and data transfer
• Pay for what you use
• Azure File Storage $.080 per GB-month
• Pay all normal replication and transfer charges
• Pay for what you provision, even if not using it
• Google Cloud Storage (+FUSE) $.020 per GB-month
• Pay all normal replication and transfer charges
• Pay for what you provision, even if not using it
• IBM File Storage $0.10-$0.58 per GB-month (based on included IOPS)
• Pay for additional IOPS
• Pay for snapshots
File Storage – Prices
26

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Q&A
27