This document provides an introduction to MicroProfile, Open Liberty, and how to build cloud native microservices. It discusses key MicroProfile specifications like JAX-RS, CDI, REST Client, OpenAPI, Config, Fault Tolerance, Health, Metrics, and OpenTracing. It also covers using Open Liberty, Docker, Kubernetes, Istio and OpenShift for microservices deployment. The document includes an agenda, overview of the MicroProfile community and specifications, a timeline of MicroProfile releases, and pointers to useful resources and the hands-on lab.

1. 1
Cloud Native Microservice with
MicroProfile, Docker,
Kubernetes, Istio and OpenShift
Emily Jiang, Java Champion
Senior Technical Staff Member, IBM
Liberty Microservice Architect, Advocate
Senior Lead in MicroProfile, IBM
@emilyfhjiang

2. 2
Agenda
• Introduction to MicroProfile
• Introduction to Open Liberty
• Introduction to the Lab
• Summary
• Time to code!

3. 3
Community Driven
Lightweight, Iterative
Processes
Specs, APIs, TCKs
NO Reference
Implementation

4. 4
MicroProfile Community
● Over a dozen vendors and Java
user groups
● Around 169 individual
contributors and growing
● Around a dozen independent
implementations

5. 5
 Open specifications
 Wide vendor support
 REST Client
 OpenAPI support
 Security
 Fault Tolerance
 Configuration
 Metrics
 Health
 Open Tracing
https://wiki.eclipse.org/MicroProfile/Implementation
Quarkus

6. 6
6
MicroProfile 1.0 (Fall 2016)
JAX-RS 2.0
CDI 1.2
JSON-P 1.0
MicroProfile 1.1 (August 2017)
microProfile-1.0
Config 1.0
MicroProfile 1.2 (Sept 2017)
MicroProfile-1.1
Config 1.1
Fault Tolerance 1.0
Health 1.0
Metrics 1.0
JWT 1.0
2017
2018
MicroProfile 1.3 (Dec 2017)
MicroProfile 1.2
Config 1.2
Metrics 1.1
OpenApi 1.0
OpenTracing 1.0
RestClient 1.0
MicroProfile 1.4 (June 2018)
MicroProfile 1.3
Config 1.3
Fault Tolerance 1.1
JWT 1.1
Open Tracing-1.1
Rest Client-1.1
2019
MicroProfile 2.0.1 (July 2018)
MicroProfile 1.4
JAX-RS 2.1 // Java EE 8
CDI 2.0 // Java EE 8
JSON-P 1.1 // Java EE 8
JSON-B 1.0 // Java EE 8
MicroProfile 2.1 (Oct
2018)
MicroProfile 2.0
OpenTracing 1.2
MicroProfile 2.2 (Feb 2019)
Fault Tolerance 2.0
OpenAPI 1.1
OpenTracing 1.3
Rest Client 1.2
MicroProfile 3.0 (June
2019)
MicroProfile 2.1
Metrics 2.0
Health Check 2.0
Rest Client 1.3
MicroProfile 3.2 (Nov 2019)
MicroProfile 3.0
Metrics 2.2
Health Check 2.1
2020
MicroProfile 3.3 (Feb 2020)
MicroProfile 3.2
Config 1.4
Metrics 2.3
Fault Tolerance 2.1
Health 2.2
Rest Client 1.4

7. 7
Eclipse MicroProfile
Health Metrics
Fault
Tolerance
Open API Config
Open Tracing
JWT
JSON-BRest ClientJAX-RSCDI JSON-P LRA
GraphQL
Reactive
Streams
Operators
Reactive
Messaging
Context
Propagation
earlyevolutionspecifications

8. 8
openliberty.io
Jan Dec
20.0.0.2
20.0.0.1 20.0.0.3
4-week release cadence

9. 9
https://github.com/OpenLiberty/tutorial-microprofile

10. 10
There’s a good chance you’ll use REST APIs

11. 11
Eclipse MicroProfile
JAX-RS JSON-PCDIRest Client JSON-B
microprofile.io

12. 12
JAX-RS
B
@ApplicationPath("System")
public class SystemApplication extends
Application {}
@Path("properties")
public class PropertiesResource {
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public JsonObject getProperties() {…}
}

13. 13
CDI
BA
public class InventoryManager {
@Inject
private SystemClient systemClient;
…
}

14. 14
JSON-B & JSON-P
A B
...
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public InventoryList listContents() {
return manager.list();
}
public class InventoryList {
private List<SystemData> systems;
public InventoryList(List<SystemData> systems) {
this.systems = systems;
}
public List<SystemData> getSystems() {
return systems;
}
public int getTotal() {
return systems.size();
}
}

15. 15
MicroProfile REST Client
BA
@Inject
@RestClient
private SystemClient defaultRestClient;
@Dependent
@RegisterRestClient
@RegisterProvider(UnknownUrlExceptionMapper.class)
@Path("/properties")
public interface SystemClient {
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Properties getProperties() throws
UnknownUrlException, ProcessingException;
}
io.openliberty.guides.inventory.client.SystemClient/mp-rest/url=http://localhost:9080/system

16. 16
https://github.com/OpenLiberty/tutorial-microprofile

17. 17
Handling 100s of Services

18. 18
Eclipse MicroProfile
JAX-RS JSON-PCDI
Config
Fault
Tolerance
JWT
Propagation
Open API
Rest Client JSON-B
microprofile.io

19. 19
MicroProfile OpenAPI
A B
openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: Inventory App
description: App for storing JVM system properties of various
hosts.
license:
name: Eclipse Public License - v 1.0
url: https://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
version: "1.0"
servers: - url: http://localhost:{port} description: Simple Open
Liberty.
variables:
port:
description: Server HTTP port.
default: "9080"
paths:
/inventory/systems:
get:
summary: List inventory contents.
description: Returns the currently stored host:properties pairs
in the inventory.
operationId: listContents
responses:
200:
description: host:properties pairs stored in the inventory.
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InventoryList’
….
http://localhost:9080/openapi/ui

20. 20
MicroProfile JWT
A B
@GET
@RolesAllowed({ "admin", "user" })
@Path("{hostname}")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Response getPropertiesForHost(@PathParam("hostname") String hostname,
@Context HttpHeaders httpHeaders) {…}

21. 21
MicroProfile Fault Tolerance
A B
@Fallback(fallbackMethod = "fallbackForGet")
public Properties get(String hostname) throws
IOException {
return invUtils.getProperties(hostname);
}

22. 22
A
MicroProfile Config
B
@Inject
@ConfigProperty(name = ”customer_name")
private String customer;
config_ordinal=100
Customer_name=Bob
{
"config_ordinal":150,
”customer_name":Tom
}

23. 23
https://github.com/OpenLiberty/tutorial-microprofile

24. 24
Handling 100s of collaborating services requires a strong operations
focus

25. 25
Eclipse MicroProfile
Health Check Metrics Open Tracing
microprofile.io
JAX-RS JSON-PCDI
Config
Fault
Tolerance
JWT
Propagation
Open API
Rest Client JSON-B

26. 26
MicroProfile Health
A B
@Readiness
@ApplicationScoped
public class InventoryResource implements HealthCheck {
...
public boolean isHealthy() {...}
@Override
public HealthCheckResponse call() {
if (!isHealthy()) {
return
HealthCheckResponse.named(“ServiceHealthCheck”).withData(…).down().build();
}
return
HealthCheckResponse.named(“ServiceHealthCheck”).withData(…).up().build();
}
}

27. 27
MicroProfile Metrics
A B
@Timed(name = "inventoryPropertiesRequestTime",
absolute = true,
description = "Time needed to get the properties of" +
"a system from the given hostname")
public Properties get(String hostname) {
return invUtils.getProperties(hostname);
}

28. 28
MicroProfile OpenTracing
A B
@Traced(value = true, operationName = "InventoryManager.list")
public InventoryList list() {
return new InventoryList(systems);
}
JAX-RS methods are
automatically
traced by default

29. 29
https://github.com/OpenLiberty/tutorial-microprofile

30. 30
How to get started?

31. 31
Microservice Deployment
microprofile.io
Kubernetes IstioDocker
Health CheckMetrics Open Tracing
JAX-RS JSON-PCDI
Config
Fault
Tolerance
JWT
Propagation
Open API
Rest Client JSON-B

32. 32
Think Warszawa / September 17th, 2019 / © 2019 IBM Corporation 32
Containers
docker build -t ol-runtime --no-cache=true .
docker run -d --name rest-app -p 9080:9080 -p
9443:9443 -v <absolute path to
guide>/start/target/liberty/wlp/usr/servers:/servers ol-
runtime

33. 33
Think Warszawa / September 17th, 2019 / © 2019 IBM Corporation 33
Kubernetes

34. 34
Think Warszawa / September 17th, 2019 / © 2019 IBM Corporation 34
OpenShift
Build, ship and run any app, anywhere
Red Hat OpenShift is a leading hybrid
cloud, enterprise Kubernetes application
platform, trusted by 1000+ organizations.

35. 35
MicroProfile Config with Kubernetes
A B
env:
- name: GREETING
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: greeting-config
key: message
kubectl create configmap greeting-config --from-literal
message=Greetings...
@Inject
@ConfigProperty(name = "GREETING")
private String greeting;

36. 36
MicroProfile Health with Kubernetes
A B
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health/ready
port: 9080
initialDelaySeconds: 15
periodSeconds: 5
failureThreshold: 1

37. Challenges
▸Security
▸Application roll out
▸A/B testing
▸Canary deployments
• Circuit breaking
• Rate limiting
• Observability
• Requires lot of coding

38. Service mesh
▸ A network of services, not just bytes
Observability
Resiliency
Traffic control
Security
Policy enforcement

39. Istio
A service mesh designed to connect, manage and secure micro
services

40. 40
Istio

41. 41
openliberty.io

42. 42
Summary
• MicroProfile - Java APIs for cloud-native applications
o Produce and consume REST services
o Handle faults, security, configuration, APIs
o Monitor health, metrics and trace request flows
• Open Liberty - Java platform for cloud-native applications
o Open Source, Simple, Lightweight, Fast
o Supports latest MicroProfile and Java EE APIs
o Flexible package to suit your Microservices

43. 43
Useful links
• https://github.com/OpenLiberty/tutorial-microprofile
• https://microprofile.io
• https://jakarta.ee/
• https://openliberty.io/
• https://github.com/openliberty/open-liberty
• http://groups.io/g/openliberty
• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/open-liberty
• http://www.eclipse.org/openj9/
• https://openliberty.io/guides/
• https://www.eclipse.org/community/eclipse_newsletter/2019/september/microprofile.php

44. 4444
Thank You!
&
enjoy the lab!
https://github.com/OpenLiberty/tutorial-microprofile