The new and smart way to develop microservices for Istio - Eclipse MicroProfile Focus on MicroProfile and demonstrate 8 MicroProfile specifications with some overview on Istio

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The new smart way to develop Microservices for Istio
- Eclipse MicroProfile
Emily Jiang, Java Champion, Liberty Architect for MicroProfile and CDI @IBM
@emilyfhjiang

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Agile & DevOps & Cloud & Microservices
+ + + serviceC
serviceB
serviceA

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Microservices spiderweb

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Orchestrator
connect, manage and secure your
microservices

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Service Mesh
A network for services, not bytes
● Observability
● Resiliency
● Traffic Control
● Security
● Policy Enforcement

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Istio
A service mesh designed to connect,
manage and secure your microservices

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Istio Architecture

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cloud-native microservice
1. RESTful – like cattle not pet, communicative
2. Configurable
3. Fault tolerance
4. Can be discovered
5. Secure
6. Traceable, monitorable
7. Able to communicate with the cloud infrastructure

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How to develop cloud-native microservice
for Istio?

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Community
Driven
Lightweight, Iterative
Processes
Specs, APIs, TCKs
NO Reference
Implementation

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Open specifications
Wide vendor support
REST services
OpenAPI support
Security
Fault Tolerance
Configuration
Metrics
Health
Open Tracing
https://wiki.eclipse.org/MicroProfile/Implementation
Quarkus

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openliberty.io
Jan Dec
19.0.0.2
19.0.0.1 19.0.0.3
4-week release cadence

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13
MicroProfile 1.0 (Fall 2016)
jaxrs-2.0
cdi-1.2
jsonp-1.0
MicroProfile 1.1 (August 2017)
microProfile-1.0
mpConfig-1.0
MicroProfile 1.2 (Sept 2017)
microProfile-1.1
mpConfig-1.1
mpFaultTolerance-1.0
mpHealth-1.0
mpMetrics-1.0
mpJwt-1.0
2017
2018
MicroProfile 1.3 (Dec 2017)
MicroProfile 1.2
mpConfig-1.2
mpMetrics-1.1
mpOpenApi-1.0
mpOpenTracing-1.0
mpRestClient-1.0
MicroProfile 1.4 (June 2018)
MicroProfile 1.3
mpConfig-1.3
mpFaultTolerance-1.1
mpJwt-1.1
mpOpenTracing-1.1
mpRestClient-1.1
2019
MicroProfile 2.0.1 (July 2018)
MicroProfile 1.4
jaxrs-2.1 // Java EE 8
cdi-2.0 // Java EE 8
jsonp-1.1 // Java EE 8
jsonb-1.0 // Java EE 8
MicroProfile 2.1 (Oct 2018)
MicroProfile 2.0
mpOpenTracing-1.2
MicroProfile 2.2 (Feb 2019)
Fault Tolerance 2.0
OpenAPI 1.1
OpenTracing 1.3
Rest Client 1.2

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There’s a good chance you’ll use REST APIs

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Eclipse MicroProfile
JAX-RS JSON-PCDIRest Client JSON-B
microprofile.io

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JAX-RS
B
@ApplicationPath("System")
public class SystemApplication extends
Application {}
@Path("properties")
public class PropertiesResource {
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public JsonObject getProperties() {…}
}

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MicroProfile REST Client
BA
@Inject
@RestClient
private SystemClient defaultRestClient;
@Dependent
@RegisterRestClient
@RegisterProvider(UnknownUrlExceptionMapper.class)
@Path("/properties")
public interface SystemClient {
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Properties getProperties() throws
UnknownUrlException, ProcessingException;
}
io.openliberty.guides.inventory.client.SystemClient/mp-rest/url=http://localhost:9080/system

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CDI
BA
public class InventoryManager {
@Inject
private SystemClient systemClient;
…
}

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JSON-B & JSON-P
A B
...
@GET
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public InventoryList listContents() {
return manager.list();
}
public class InventoryList {
private List<SystemData> systems;
public InventoryList(List<SystemData> systems) {
this.systems = systems;
}
public List<SystemData> getSystems() {
return systems;
}
public int getTotal() {
return systems.size();
}
}

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Handling 100s of Services

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Eclipse MicroProfile
JAX-RS JSON-PCDI
Config
Fault
Tolerance
JWT
Propagation
Open API
Rest Client JSON-B
microprofile.io

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Where were we...?
A B

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MicroProfile OpenAPI
A B
openapi: 3.0.0
info:
title: Inventory App
description: App for storing JVM system properties of various
hosts.
license:
name: Eclipse Public License - v 1.0
url: https://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html
version: "1.0"
servers: - url: http://localhost:{port} description: Simple Open
Liberty.
variables:
port:
description: Server HTTP port.
default: "9080"
paths:
/inventory/systems:
get:
summary: List inventory contents.
description: Returns the currently stored host:properties pairs
in the inventory.
operationId: listContents
responses:
200:
description: host:properties pairs stored in the inventory.
content:
application/json:
schema:
$ref: '#/components/schemas/InventoryList’
….
http://localhost:9080/openapi/ui
@Operation( summary = "List
inventory contents.",
description = "Returns the
stored host:properties pairs.")

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MicroProfile JWT
A B
@GET
@RolesAllowed({ "admin", "user" })
@Path("{hostname}")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Response getPropertiesForHost(@PathParam("hostname") String hostname,
@Context HttpHeaders httpHeaders) {…}

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MicroProfile Fault Tolerance
A B
@Fallback(fallbackMethod = "fallbackForGet")
public Properties get(String hostname) throws
IOException {
return invUtils.getProperties(hostname);
}

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A
MicroProfile Config
B
@Inject
@ConfigProperty(name =
"io_openliberty_guides_inventory_inMaintenance")
private Provider<Boolean> inMaintenance;
config_ordinal=100
io_openliberty_guides_inventory_inMaintenance=false
{
"config_ordinal":150,
"io_openliberty_guides_inventory_inMaintenance":true
}

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Handling 100s of collaborating services requires a strong
operations focus

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Eclipse MicroProfile
Health Check Metrics Open Tracing
microprofile.io
JAX-RS JSON-PCDI
Config
Fault
Tolerance
JWT
Propagation
Open API
Rest Client JSON-B

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Where were we...?
A B

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MicroProfile Health
A B
@Health
@ApplicationScoped
public class InventoryResource implements HealthCheck {
...
public boolean isHealthy() {...}
@Override
public HealthCheckResponse call() {
if (!isHealthy()) {
return
HealthCheckResponse.named(“InventoryResource”).withData(…).down().build();
}
return
HealthCheckResponse.named(“InventoryResource”).withData(…).up().build();
}
}

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MicroProfile Metrics
A B
@Timed(name = "inventoryPropertiesRequestTime",
absolute = true,
description = "Time needed to get the properties of" +
"a system from the given hostname")
public Properties get(String hostname) {
return invUtils.getProperties(hostname);
}

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MicroProfile OpenTracing
A B
@Traced(value = true, operationName = "InventoryManager.list")
public InventoryList list() {
return new InventoryList(systems);
}
JAX-RS methods are
automatically
traced by default

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Eclipse MicroProfile
 Open specifications
 Wide vendor support
 REST services
 OpenAPI support
 Security
 Fault Tolerance
 Configuration
 Metrics
 Health
 Open Tracing

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How to get started?

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Into the cloud

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Microservice Deployment
microprofile.io
Kubernetes IstioDocker
Health CheckMetrics Open Tracing
JAX-RS JSON-PCDI
Config
Fault
Tolerance
JWT
Propagation
Open API
Rest Client JSON-B

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MicroProfile Config with Kubernetes
A B
env:
- name: GREETING
valueFrom:
configMapKeyRef:
name: greeting-config
key: message
kubectl create configmap greeting-config --from-literal
message=Greetings...
@Inject
@ConfigProperty(name = "GREETING")
private String greeting;

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MicroProfile Health with Kubernetes
A B
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 9080
initialDelaySeconds: 15
periodSeconds: 5
failureThreshold: 1

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MicroProfile Open Tracing
7 http headers required
by Istio propagated
All JAX-RS requests
traced

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Istio & MicroProfile - Putting it all together

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Useful Links
• https://microprofile.io
• https://openliberty.io/guides
• https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
• https://kubernetes.io/docs/tutorials/kubernetes-basics/
• https://istio.io/docs/setup/kubernetes/quick-start/
• https://github.com/eclipse/microprofile-service-mesh
• https://www.eclipse.org/community/eclipse_newsletter/2018/septemb
er/MicroProfile_istio.php

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Thank you!