MySQL Shell: the daily tool for devs and admins. By Vittorio Cioe.

Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |
MySQL Shell:
the daily tool
for devs
and admins
Vittorio Cioe
MySQL Sr. Sales Consultant
vittorio.cioe@oracle.com

Safe Harbor Statement
The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for
information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a
commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied
upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of
Oracle.
2

whoami
•Used MySQL since 2006
•Working at Oracle/MySQL since 2017, covering Eastern Europe
•Previously working in the Security and Digital Transformation
(API) space
•From Italy but based in Warsaw
•Love movies, travelling, cooking...

Agenda
4
Intro: state of the dolphin
MySQL Shell overview
MySQL Shell and NoSQL: XDev API
MySQL Shell and HA: Admin API for InnoDB Cluster
Summary

Intro:
State of the dolphin

#1 MySQL is the #1 database for
the web, used by 10 of the top
10 websites
6Oracle Confidential – Authorized Partner Internal Use Only

Copyright © 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Oracle Confidential – Authorized Partner Internal Use Only 7
Most popular open source
relational database*
*according to db-engines.com
Most popular database
behind only Oracle DB*
*according to db-engines.com
By 2022, more than 70% of
new in-house applications
will be developed on an
Open Source RDBMS
By 2022, 50% of commercial
RDBMS instances will have
been converted to open
source DBs
MySQL Facts & Figures
#1 #2
70% 50%
Source: Gartner, State of Relational Open Source RDBMSs 2018 Source: Gartner, State of Relational Open Source RDBMSs 2018

MySQL Innovation: 5.7 -> 8.0
- 3x Better Performance
- Replication Enhancements
- Optimizer Cost Model
- JSON Support
- Improved Security
- Sys & Performance Schema
- GIS
MySQL 5.7
MySQL InnoDB Cluster
- MySQL Group Replication
- MySQL Router
- MySQL Shell
MySQL 8.0
- 2x Better Performance
- NoSQL Document Store
- JSON
- CTEs
- Window Functions
- Data Dictionary
- InnoDB
- Replication
- Roles
- Unicode
- GIS
2 Years in Development
400+ Worklogs
5000+ Bugs Fixed
500 New Tests
GA

MySQL Community
Edition
MySQL Enterprise
Edition
MySQL Database •MySQL Database
•Advanced Features
•Management Tools
•24x7 Support

MySQL shell overview

MySQLShell: Introduction
Copyright © 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights
reserved. |
11
•Interactive multi-language console interface that supports
development and administration for the MySQLServer
•Canbe used to perform data queries or updates, and
administration operations:
Scriptable “DevOps” APIs
Unified Interface for MySQLDevelopers and DBAs:one tool!
•Intuitive and easy to use

1.0
reserved. |
12
•Supports MySQLServer
5.7
8.0
Supports MySQLServer 5.7 and
8.0
Higly recommended version!
Note: Upgrade to 8.0 right
awayif you’re still using 1.0
MySQLShell:
Versions

MySQLShell: Goal
reserved. |
13
•One tool for MySQLdevelopment and administrative
tasks
•Natural interface for all MySQLrelated ”DevOps”!
–Unified Interface for Developers and DBAs
•Intuitive, flexible and powerful
•Provides scripting with development and
administrative APIs

Copyright @ 2018 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All right
MySQL
Server 5.7
MySQL 8.0
Upgrade Checker
Prompt Themes
Auto Completion
&
Command History
MySQL
Server 8.0
Document Store
X DevAPI
InnoDB ClusterSQL CLI
Output Formats
(Table, JSON, Tabbed)
Batch Execution
JavaScript
Python
SQL
MySQLShell: Architecture

MySQLShell: Features
•Multi-language support
– JavaScript, Python and SQL
– Both interactive and batch operations MySQL
Developme
nt
reserved. |
15

reserved. |
16
Scripting
•Support for scripting in Python and JavaScript
•APIsfor MySQLDBs,Document Store, InnoDB cluster, Shell and
more
•Import any installed module (in Python)
•Execute scripts from
– Interactive REPLinterface (interactive interpreter)
– Directly from the commandline
•mysqlsh --py –e "print 'Hello world'"
– From Python, JS,SQLscriptfiles

reserved. |
17
Scripting – Globals
•session
– Assigned to the DBsession when the shell connects to
MySQL
– The MySQLsession used by the Shell in SQLmode
– Execute queries
mysql-js> session.query(“show status”);

Scripting – Examples
reserved. |
18
•Connect to myserver.foo.com
•Execute create_account.js with any extra arguments forwarded
to the script (sys.argv[])
•The script can use the session global variable to execute SQLin
the target server
$ mysqlsh root@myserver.foo.com –f create_account.js appuser@’192.168.%.%’

reserved. |
19
Other development APIs
•mysql
– mysql.getSession(), etc.
– Connects to MySQLserver using classic MySQL
protocol
– run SQLqueries
– mysqlx for Xprotocol sessions and XDevAPI

reserved. |
20
Other development APIs
•shell
– Programmatic access to most shellfeatures
– Configuration options (option)
– Password Manager API
– Pager API (pager)
– logging
– URI parsing
– Prompting for userinput
– Establish connections:
shell.connect(‘user@host:port’)

•Shell Utilities: util object
– Upgrade checker
•Verify whether instances are ready for upgrading to
MySQL8
– Import JSONdocuments
•From a file or standard input to a MySQLServer
•Supports importing to a collection orrelational table
mysql-js> util.checkForServerUpgrade(“root@localhost:3306”);
MySQL
Administrati
on
reserved. |
21

•API Command line integration
– New cmdline syntax to invoke built-in Shellcommands
– Requires minimal extra typing, quoting andescaping
– Supported objects: dba, cluster, shell,shell.options and
util
Syntax: mysqlsh [OPTIONS] [URI] --<object_name> <method_name> [argument_list]
$ mysqlsh root@myserver:33060 –- util import-json
~/Downloads/myData/data.json --collections=‘zip codes’ --schema=‘json_test’
MySQL
Administrati
on
reserved. |
22

MySQLShell: Features (DBA toolbox)
Customizable Prompts
•Display context information
•Custom/dynamic tags that react to context
– export PRODUCTION_SERVERS=192.168.42.16
reserved. |
23

Customizable Prompts
•Sample prompt file:
– mysql-shell/share/mysqlsh/prompt/
•Customization instructions:
– mysql-shell/share/mysqlsh/prompt/README
reserved. |
24

reserved. |
25
Secure Credential Manager
•MySQLserver passwords can be queried from a secure password
store
•Usesexisting OSnative password storage APIs
– Keychain (macOS)
– Credential Manager (Windows)
– MySQLlogin-path encrypted files (all)
•Optionally auto-save typed passwords (default will prompt)
•Or use APIto store programmatically
– shell.storeCredential("root@192.168.1.32","s3cr37!");
•Write your own password store backend

reserved. |
26
History
•Typed command history
•Persisting disabled by default, enable with
– option history.autoSave=true
•Filter SQL statements that may contain
sensitiveinfo
– e.g. SETPASSWORD='my password'
– option history.sql.ignorePattern

Pager
•PassSQLresults through an external screen paging
program
– pager less
– showstatus;
reserved. |
27

Built-in Help
•Documentation for included APIs, shell commands,
SQL, etc.
•help keyword
– (wildcardsallowed)
reserved. |
28

Shell meets continuous automation
•Continuous automation frameworks provide mechanisms
for setup, configuration and management of MySQL
Server
•DBAcan automate operations by usingmodules.
•Classic example:
Ensure MySQLServer deployments use the latest available version
reserved. |
29

Shell meets continuous automation
Let’s use asan example using
MySQLShell upgrade checker:
reserved. |
30
service { ‘mysql’: ensure => latest, enable => true,
require => Package[‘mysql-server-community’], before => Exec [‘upgrade
checker’]
}
exec { “upgrade checker”:
command => “mysqlsh -- util check-for-server-upgrade { --user=root --
host=localhost --port=3306} --password=‘myPwd’”
require => Service[“mysqlsh”]
}

MySQL Shell
and NoSQL:
XDev API

•Document and Relational models
– Supports the classic relational model
– Modern fluent APIfor the MySQLDocumentStore
•CRUDand Relational
– Supports the traditional Table results, aswell as
JSONor Tabseparated output
MySQL
Developme
nt
reserved. |
32

35 / 112
MySQL Document Store

MySQL Document Store: Architecture

reserved. |
35
Document Store – X DevAPI
•Support for MySQLDocument Store API
•Create collections
•Import JSONdumps
•Try out queries and write simple scripts interactively
•XDevAPI CRUDoperations
•SQL

reserved. |
36
Document Store – X DevAPI Examples
•Operations on collections:
– collection.add()
– collection.find()
– collection.remove()
– collection.modify()
– ...and much more..
•Operations on tables:
– table.insert()
– table.select()
– table.update()
– table.delete()
•Session Operations:
– session.create|drop.schema()
– session.StartTransaction()
– session.commit()|rollback()
– session.getSchemas()
•Operations on schemas:
– schema.getTable()
– schema.getCollection()
– schema.dropTable()
– schema.dropCollection()

MySQL Shell
and HA:
Admin API
for InnoDB Cluster

MySQLInnoDB Cluster:
Vision
“Asingleproduct— MySQL — withhigh availabilityand scaling features
bakedin;providingan integratedend-to-endsolution thatiseasy touse.”
– Engineering Team
reserved. |
38

MySQLInnoDB Cluster: Background
reserved. |
39
•High Availability: critical
factor
•Replication asa common
solution
•MySQLhas support for:
– Classic master-slave
replication
– DRBDS
– Other OSor VMsolutions…
Group Replication !
•Update-everywhere (m-m)
•Virtually synchronous
replication
•Automatic server fail-over
– Distributed recovery
– Group reconfiguration
•Powered by a GCS:
Implementation of Paxos

MySQLInnoDB Cluster: Background
•Challenging task
– Not easy to setup andmaintain
– Technical knowledge needed
– How to configure the
applications?
– How to integrate all the
components?
? ?
reserved. |
40

MySQLGroup Replication
InnoDB cluster
App Servers with
MySQL Router
MySQLShell
Setup,
Manage,
Orchestrate
Clients
reserved. |
41

•Administration API: AdminAPI
– Creation and Management of InnoDB
Clusters
– Hides the complexity of:
•Configuration
•Provisioning
•Orchestration
– Simple and straight-forward
– Doesn’t require MySQLexpertise
– Flexible, powerful and secure
– Available in both JavaScript andPython
MySQL
Administrati
on
reserved. |
42

reserved. |
43
AdminAPI - options
--cluster
• Prepares the Shell for managing the InnoDB cluster the target server
belongs to
•Automatically assigns the cluster global variable
--redirect-primary
• Connects the shell to the primary of the InnoDB cluster group, in case
the one we connect to is asecondary
--redirect-secondary
• Connects the shell to a secondary member of the InnoDB cluster group

reserved. |
44
AdminAPI - Create and Manage
•Deploy and manage InnoDBCuster:
– dba.configureInstance()
– dba.createCluster()
– dba.getCluster()
– dba.rebootClusterFromCompleteOutage()
– ...and much more...
•Manage InnoDBCuster:
– cluster.addInstance()
– cluster.removeInstance()
– cluster.rejoinInstance()
– cluster.status()
– ...and much more...

reserved. |
45
AdminAPI - Sandboxes
•Deploy and manage MySQL sandboxes:
– dba.deploySandboxInstance()
– dba.stopSandboxInstance()
– dba.startSandboxInstance()
– dba.deleteSandboxInstance()
– dba.killSandboxInstance()
Important: Sandbox instances are only suitable for testing
purposes!

Summary

Summary
reserved. |
47
•MySQLShell brings together developers andDBAs
• Unified interface: one tool!
• Development and Administration APIsand features
•MySQLInnoDB Cluster is THEbuilt-in HAsolution for MySQL:
• Full-stack: High Availability out-of-the-box
• Acces to data SQL + NoSQL
• Easyto use: usability asa topconcern

Resources
reserved. |
48
•MySQLShellUserguide:
– https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/mysql-shell.html
•MySQLInnoDB ClusterUserguide:
– http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/mysql-innodb-cluster-userguide.html
•APIsReference manuals
– JavaScript: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/dev/mysqlsh-api-javascript/
– Python: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/dev/mysqlsh-api-python/
•Blogging
– http://mysqlserverteam.com/category/high-availability

MySQL Shell: the daily tool for devs and admins. By Vittorio Cioe.

MySQL Shell: the daily tool for devs and admins. By Vittorio Cioe.

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