Introduction of Cloud Computing & Historical Background Cloud Service Models & Cloud Deployment Models Benefits of Cloud Computing Risks and Challenges Future Trends in Cloud Computing Edge Computing, Serverless Computing, AI & Machine Learning in Cloud, Security and Compliance Needs and Obstacles for Cloud Deployment Conclusion

1. CLOUD COMPUTING
BY
MUHAMMAD ARSLAN – BSIT 4

2. Content
 Introduction of Cloud Computing & Historical Background
 Cloud Service Models & Cloud Deployment Models
 Benefits of Cloud Computing
 Risks and Challenges
 Future Trends in Cloud Computing
 Edge Computing, Serverless Computing, AI & Machine Learning in Cloud, Security and
Compliance
 Needs and Obstacles for Cloud Deployment
 Conclusion

3. Introduction of Cloud Computing &
Historical Background
 Cloud computing is a technology that allows users to access and use computing resources, such as
servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and more, over the internet on a pay-as-you-go
basis.
 It eliminates the need for organizations to invest in and maintain their own physical infrastructure,
offering flexibility and scalability.
History
• Cloud computing concepts date back to the 1950s, with early experiments in time-sharing and remote
access.
• The term "cloud computing" gained prominence in the early 21st century with the advent of virtualization
and internet-based services.

4. Cloud Service Models
 There are three service models:
 IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
 PaaS (Platform as a Service)
 SaaS (Software as a Service)

5. Cloud Service Models
 IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): IaaS provides virtualized computing resources over the internet,
including servers, storage, and networking.
 It offers a range of essential IT infrastructure components, including servers, storage, networking, and
sometimes additional services like load balancers, firewalls, and virtual machines.
 Key Characteristics and Features of IaaS:
• Virtualization
• Scalability
• Self-Service
• Pay-as-You-Go Billing
• Customization

6. Cloud Service Models
 Use Cases of IaaS:
• Web Hosting
• Development and Testing
• Data Backup and Recovery
• Big Data Processing

7. Cloud Service Models
 Platform as a Service (PaaS): is a cloud computing model that provides a platform and environment for
developers to build, deploy, and manage applications without the complexities of managing the
underlying infrastructure.
 PaaS abstracts infrastructure management, allowing developers to focus solely on coding and
application logic.
 Key Characteristics and Features of PaaS:
• Development Tools
• Middleware
• Scalability
• Automated Management
• Multi-Tenancy

8. Cloud Service Models
 Use Cases of PaaS:
• Web Application Development
• Database Management
• Continuous Integration and Deployment (CI/CD)

9. Cloud Service Models
 Software as a Service (SaaS): is a cloud computing model where software applications are
delivered over the internet on a subscription basis. Instead of purchasing and installing software on
individual devices or servers, users access and use the software through a web browser.
 Key Characteristics and Features of SaaS:
• Accessibility
• Subscription-Based
• Maintenance and Updates

10. Cloud Service Models
 Use Cases of SaaS:
• Email and Collaboration Tools
• Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
• Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
• Cloud Storage and File Sharing

11. Cloud Service Models

12. Cloud Deployment Models
• Public Cloud: Public cloud services are provided by third-party cloud providers and are accessible
to the general public.
• Private Cloud: Private cloud infrastructure is dedicated to a single organization, offering greater
control and security.
• Hybrid Cloud: Hybrid cloud combines both public and private clouds, allowing data and
applications to be shared between them.
• Community Cloud: A community cloud in computing is a collaborative effort in which infrastructure
is shared between several organizations from a specific community with common concerns
(security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc.), whether managed internally or by a third party and hosted
internally or externally.

13. Cloud Deployment Models

14. Key Characteristics of Cloud Computing
 Key Characteristics
• On-Demand Self-Service: Users can provision and manage resources as needed without human
intervention.
• Broad Network Access: Cloud services are accessible over the internet from various devices.
• Resource Pooling: Computing resources are shared among multiple users to maximize efficiency.
• Rapid Elasticity: Resources can be scaled up or down quickly to meet demand.
• Measured Service: Cloud usage is metered, and users pay only for what they consume.

15. Benefits of Cloud Computing
 Cost Savings: Cloud computing reduces capital expenses, as organizations pay for resources as
they use them.
 Scalability: Easily scale resources up or down to accommodate changing needs.
 Flexibility: Access resources from anywhere with an internet connection.
 Reliability: Cloud providers offer high availability and redundancy.
 Innovation: Cloud enables the adoption of new technologies quickly.

16. Risks and Challenges of Cloud Computing
 Security Concerns: Data breaches and unauthorized access can be concerns.
 Data Privacy: Storing data off-site may raise privacy and compliance issues.
 Downtime: Reliance on cloud providers can lead to downtime in case of outages.
 Data Transfer Costs: Transmitting large amounts of data to and from the cloud may incur
charges.
 Vendor Lock-In: Organizations may become dependent on a single cloud provider.

17. Future Trends in Cloud Computing
 Edge Computing ()
 Serverless Computing ()
 AI and Machine Learning in the Cloud ()
 Quantum Computing
 Security and Compliance

18. Need for Cloud Deployment
 Business Needs for Cloud Deployment
 1. Cost Efficiency:
• Cost Savings: One of the primary drivers for businesses to adopt cloud deployment is cost savings.
Cloud computing eliminates the need for organizations to invest heavily in physical hardware, data
centers, and maintenance. Instead, they pay for cloud resources as they use them, following a pay-as-
you-go model. This reduces upfront capital expenditures and allows organizations to allocate resources
more efficiently.
• Resource Optimization: Cloud services provide resource optimization, allowing businesses to scale up
or down as needed. This means they can avoid overprovisioning or underutilization of resources,
optimizing costs.
• Reduced Operational Costs: By offloading the management and maintenance of infrastructure to cloud
providers, businesses can reduce their operational costs, including IT staff and hardware maintenance
expenses.

19. Need for Cloud Deployment
 2. Scalability:
• Elasticity: Cloud platforms offer elastic scalability, enabling businesses to respond to changing
workloads and demand in real-time. This scalability ensures that businesses can handle sudden
spikes in traffic without disruptions.
• Business Growth: As businesses expand, their IT infrastructure needs to grow accordingly. Cloud
computing allows for seamless and rapid scaling, ensuring that infrastructure can keep up with the
pace of business growth.

20. Need for Cloud Deployment
 3. Flexibility and Agility:
• Global Reach: Cloud services are accessible from anywhere with an internet connection, providing
global reach.
• Faster Time-to-Market: Cloud deployment speeds up the development and deployment of applications
and services.
• Experimentation: Cloud computing enables businesses to experiment with new ideas and technologies
without significant upfront investments.
 4. Reliability and Availability:
• High Availability: Leading cloud providers offer robust data centers with redundancy and failover
capabilities. This ensures high availability and minimizes downtime, which is critical for businesses that
rely on continuous operations.
• Disaster Recovery: Cloud providers offer built-in disaster recovery solutions, allowing businesses to
recover data and operations quickly in case of disasters or system failures.

21. Need for Cloud Deployment
 5. Security:
• Security Services: Many cloud providers offer advanced security services and features, including
encryption, identity and access management, and threat detection. This helps businesses enhance
their overall security posture.
 6. Collaboration and Remote Work:
• Collaboration Tools: Cloud-based collaboration tools and platforms enable remote and distributed
teams to work together effectively. This is especially valuable in today's global and remote work
environments.
• Access Anytime, Anywhere: Cloud solutions allow employees to access business-critical
applications and data from anywhere, facilitating remote work and improving productivity.

22. Obstacles for Cloud Deployment
 1. Security Concerns:
• Data Breaches: One of the primary security concerns in cloud adoption is the potential for data
breaches. Organizations worry about unauthorized access to sensitive data, which can lead to
financial losses, legal repercussions, and damage to reputation.
• Shared Responsibility: Understanding the shared responsibility model is crucial. Cloud providers
are responsible for securing the infrastructure, but organizations are responsible for securing their
data and configurations. Misconfigurations can expose data to threats.
• Cloud-specific Threats: Cloud environments introduce unique security threats, such as
misconfigured security settings, insider threats, and unauthorized access to cloud management
consoles.

23. Obstacles for Cloud Deployment
 2. Data Privacy:
• Data Sovereignty: Data sovereignty concerns arise when data crosses national borders. Some
countries have strict regulations governing where data can be stored and processed.
Organizations must navigate these regulations to ensure compliance.
• Data Residency: Some industries, like healthcare and finance, have strict requirements regarding
where data can be stored and processed. Cloud providers may have data centers in multiple
regions, making it essential to choose a provider with the right data residency options.
• Data Encryption: Encrypting data both in transit and at rest is crucial for maintaining data privacy.
Organizations need to understand the encryption options provided by their cloud provider and
implement appropriate encryption practices.

24. Obstacles for Cloud Deployment
 3. Integration:
• Legacy Systems: Migrating existing on-premises systems and legacy applications to the cloud
can be complex. Compatibility issues, differing architecture, and data migration challenges often
arise.
• Interoperability: Ensuring that cloud-based services work seamlessly with existing systems and
other cloud services can be challenging. Integration may require custom development or third-party
solutions.
• Data Migration: Data migration to the cloud can be time-consuming and error-prone.
Organizations must carefully plan and execute data migration strategies to minimize downtime and
data loss.
• Vendor Lock-In: Depending too heavily on a single cloud provider can lead to vendor lock-in,
making it difficult to migrate away from that provider in the future. Businesses should consider
strategies to mitigate this risk, such as adopting multi-cloud or hybrid cloud solutions.

25. Mitigating Obstacles in Cloud Deployment
 Few Solutions:
• Encryption: Implement robust encryption mechanisms for data in transit and at rest. Utilize
encryption protocols for network traffic and encryption keys management services provided by your
cloud provider.
• Access Controls: Implement strict access controls and authentication mechanisms. Utilize
Identity and Access Management (IAM) solutions to manage user permissions effectively. Ensure
the principle of least privilege to restrict access only to necessary personnel.
• Security Monitoring: Deploy advanced security monitoring and alerting tools to detect and
respond to security threats in real-time.
• Regular Auditing: Conduct regular security audits and vulnerability assessments to identify and
remediate potential weaknesses in your cloud infrastructure.

26. Mitigating Obstacles in Cloud Deployment
 Data Classification: Classify your data to determine which data is subject to specific regulations
and compliance requirements. Apply appropriate security and access controls to sensitive data.
 Data Retention and Deletion Policies: Implement data retention and deletion policies to ensure
compliance with data protection regulations, including the right to be forgotten (GDPR).

27. Conclusion / Recap
• We started by defining / introduction of Cloud Computing and a little history
• Exploring the fundamental cloud service models: IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
• Exploring the cloud deployment models: Private, Public, Hybrid and Community
• Delved into the business needs driving cloud adoption, such as cost efficiency, scalability, flexibility,
reliability and security.
• Examined the obstacles organizations may encounter when considering cloud adoption, including
security concerns, data privacy challenges, and integration complexities.
• Finally, we discussed few solutions to mitigate the obstacles to reap the benefits of cloud
computing.

28. What you need to do?
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Deadline: Monday, September 18, 2023 till 6 PM