Climates2016
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The document discusses the components and layers of the Earth's atmosphere. It notes that the atmosphere is around 1000km thick and composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen. It also contains other gases like carbon dioxide and ozone which are vital for life. The document then discusses various climate factors like temperature, wind, precipitation and pressure. It explains different climate types around the world based on factors like latitude, proximity to oceans, altitude and mountain ranges. World climates discussed include tropical, desert, Mediterranean, continental, oceanic and polar.
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Climates of the world
The document discusses the components and layers of the atmosphere, as well as factors that influence climate. It provides information on the main gases that make up the atmosphere, global warming effects from increased CO2, and features like temperature, wind, and pressure that define different climates. Examples are given of different climate types based on factors like latitude, altitude, and proximity to oceans/mountains.
Unit 4 climates2019
The document discusses the components and layers of the atmosphere. It states that the atmosphere is a 1000 km thick layer of gases surrounding Earth. The main components are oxygen and nitrogen, but it also contains other gases like carbon dioxide and ozone which are vital for life. It then discusses different temperature layers and elements that describe climate such as temperature, pressure, and precipitation.
climates of the world
Climate is the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time, whereas weather is the short term conditions. There are several major climate classifications including tropical, dry, and temperate. Tropical climates are near the equator and have high temperatures year-round. Dry climates have little rainfall throughout the year. Temperate climates experience distinct seasons with warm summers and cold winters. Specific climate zones were also discussed such as savanna, cold snowy, and polar climates.
Unit3 climateandlivingbeings-ppt-110306065855-phpapp02
The document describes the layers of the Earth's atmosphere and how factors like latitude, altitude, water currents, and distance from the sea affect climate. It then discusses different climate zones and types of precipitation. Specific climate zones covered include tropical, temperate, polar, desert, Mediterranean, oceanic, and continental. The summary concludes by noting how the physical environment, including climate, influences natural environments and living beings.
Climates chart cold and temperate
This document describes several different climates and their characteristic temperatures, precipitation levels, and landscapes. The climates discussed include Mediterranean, oceanic/maritime, continental, polar, alpine/mountain, and cold desert climates. For each climate, key details are given about typical location, temperature patterns including seasonal variation, average precipitation levels and patterns, and the landscape and vegetation types commonly found in areas with that climate.
Climates of the world
The document describes the major climate zones of the world and provides details on climates in specific regions. It discusses three main climate zones: the warm zone located around the equator which includes tropical climates; the temperate zones located between the tropics and polar circles with climates like oceanic, Mediterranean, and continental; and the cold zones located at the poles with polar climates. It also provides examples of climates in Spain and the Canary Islands. Climate is determined by factors like rainfall, temperature, landscape. Different symbols on weather maps indicate conditions like sunny, cloudy, rainy, or stormy.
Climate
Developed by María Jesús Campos Fernández, Social Studies, Geography and History teacher in a bilingual section in Madrid.
Climates
Tundra climate is located between 55-70 degrees north latitude and has an average annual temperature of -28 degrees C. Precipitation is around 350 mm per year as snow. Summers are short and winters are long and cold. This climate covers 20% of the Earth's surface.
Monsoon climate is located in parts of South and Central America, Asia, Africa, the Caribbean and North America. Temperatures remain high around 29 degrees C year-round. Annual precipitation is around 600 mm. Tropical monsoon forests are found in areas with distinct wet and dry seasons.
The cold climate is located at polar circles and high altitudes. Temperatures are very low, below 0 degrees
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Climates of the world
The document discusses the components and layers of the atmosphere, as well as factors that influence climate. It provides information on the main gases that make up the atmosphere, global warming effects from increased CO2, and features like temperature, wind, and pressure that define different climates. Examples are given of different climate types based on factors like latitude, altitude, and proximity to oceans/mountains.
Unit 4 climates2019
The document discusses the components and layers of the atmosphere. It states that the atmosphere is a 1000 km thick layer of gases surrounding Earth. The main components are oxygen and nitrogen, but it also contains other gases like carbon dioxide and ozone which are vital for life. It then discusses different temperature layers and elements that describe climate such as temperature, pressure, and precipitation.
climates of the world
Climate is the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time, whereas weather is the short term conditions. There are several major climate classifications including tropical, dry, and temperate. Tropical climates are near the equator and have high temperatures year-round. Dry climates have little rainfall throughout the year. Temperate climates experience distinct seasons with warm summers and cold winters. Specific climate zones were also discussed such as savanna, cold snowy, and polar climates.
Unit3 climateandlivingbeings-ppt-110306065855-phpapp02
The document describes the layers of the Earth's atmosphere and how factors like latitude, altitude, water currents, and distance from the sea affect climate. It then discusses different climate zones and types of precipitation. Specific climate zones covered include tropical, temperate, polar, desert, Mediterranean, oceanic, and continental. The summary concludes by noting how the physical environment, including climate, influences natural environments and living beings.
Climates chart cold and temperate
This document describes several different climates and their characteristic temperatures, precipitation levels, and landscapes. The climates discussed include Mediterranean, oceanic/maritime, continental, polar, alpine/mountain, and cold desert climates. For each climate, key details are given about typical location, temperature patterns including seasonal variation, average precipitation levels and patterns, and the landscape and vegetation types commonly found in areas with that climate.
Climates of the world
The document describes the major climate zones of the world and provides details on climates in specific regions. It discusses three main climate zones: the warm zone located around the equator which includes tropical climates; the temperate zones located between the tropics and polar circles with climates like oceanic, Mediterranean, and continental; and the cold zones located at the poles with polar climates. It also provides examples of climates in Spain and the Canary Islands. Climate is determined by factors like rainfall, temperature, landscape. Different symbols on weather maps indicate conditions like sunny, cloudy, rainy, or stormy.
Climate
Developed by María Jesús Campos Fernández, Social Studies, Geography and History teacher in a bilingual section in Madrid.
Climates
Tundra climate is located between 55-70 degrees north latitude and has an average annual temperature of -28 degrees C. Precipitation is around 350 mm per year as snow. Summers are short and winters are long and cold. This climate covers 20% of the Earth's surface.
Monsoon climate is located in parts of South and Central America, Asia, Africa, the Caribbean and North America. Temperatures remain high around 29 degrees C year-round. Annual precipitation is around 600 mm. Tropical monsoon forests are found in areas with distinct wet and dry seasons.
The cold climate is located at polar circles and high altitudes. Temperatures are very low, below 0 degrees
The climates of spain 2
The document defines weather as daily atmospheric conditions including temperature, rainfall and humidity that vary by location, while climate is the average weather pattern over many years in a place. It describes three climate zones in Spain depending on location, and notes the Balearic and Canary Islands have their own micro-climates. It also lists the six main climate zones of the world and explains the atmosphere is divided into layers, mainly providing air to breathe and water to drink.
World climates
World climates are influenced by four main factors: latitude, altitude, proximity to oceans, and ocean currents. There are five main climate zones - tropical, dry, temperate, continental, and polar. Within each zone are different climate types that influence the native biomes and human activities in those regions. For example, equatorial climates near the equator have rainforests, while grasslands are found in areas with dry midlatitude climates that have warm summers and cold winters. Human activities also vary depending on the climate, such as burning rainforests for agriculture in tropical regions or growing vineyards along temperate west coasts.
Climates of spain
Spain has a variety of climates due to its geography and location. The main factors that influence climate are distance from the sea, altitude, and proximity to the equator. Regions closer to the coast have milder temperatures, while mountainous areas and those farther inland experience colder weather on average. Spain also experiences climatic variation between coastal, mountainous, and island regions.
Weather Part 1
The document summarizes the layers of Earth's atmosphere and factors that influence weather and climate. It describes 5 main layers from the troposphere at Earth's surface to the exosphere at the top. Key points include how temperature decreases with altitude, composition varies between layers, and layers are identified by characteristics like density. Ocean currents and convection cycles transfer heat globally in complex patterns driving atmospheric circulation.
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in climatology, including the difference between weather and climate, factors that influence air temperature and pressure, global circulation patterns, types of precipitation and storms, climate regions, and climatic change. It describes how solar radiation, the tilt of the Earth's axis, land and ocean currents, and greenhouse gases impact climate on global and regional scales.
Climates 21 2
The document summarizes the Koppen climate classification system which uses temperature and precipitation data to classify climates. It describes several climate types including humid tropical climates with no winter and high rainfall; wet tropical climates with rainforests; tropical wet and dry climates with distinct wet and dry periods; and various mid-latitude climates with mild or severe winters depending on temperatures. It also discusses dry climates with low rainfall, polar climates with cool summers, and generally cooler and wetter highland climates.
ANTICYCLONES QUESTIONS
An anticyclone over the British Isles in winter results in very cold weather with clear skies. Daytime temperatures are below freezing but nighttime temperatures drop much lower as there is little insulation. Radiation fogs form in low-lying areas at night due to the rapid cooling of air in contact with the frozen ground and slowly burn off in the morning due to the sun's weak heating at that time of year.
BI - ANTICYCLONES
Anticyclones are high pressure weather systems that form over the British Isles frequently. They are characterized by calm winds with widely spaced isobars, sinking air that warms and decreases humidity, causing clear skies. In winter, anticyclones bring cold days and frosts with the potential for pollution inversions, while summer anticyclones result in hot days with hazy sunshine and the risk of thunderstorms from moist air masses. Anticyclones can influence weather conditions for up to 10 days as they move slowly across the region.
Air Masses Affecting the British Isles
The British Isles experiences variable weather brought about by air masses originating from different source regions. As the air masses move over land and sea, they are modified before reaching the British Isles and influencing local weather conditions. The document then provides a table summarizing the key characteristics of the six main air masses that affect the weather in the British Isles, including their typical temperature, humidity, stability, and impact on visibility and weather patterns.
Upper Secondary Geography-Climatic types
The document describes three main climatic types: equatorial, monsoon, and cool temperate. Equatorial climate is located between 10°N and 10°S and is characterized by high temperatures, small temperature ranges, high humidity, heavy rainfall, and no distinct wet or dry seasons. Monsoon climate is located between 5°N-25°N and 5°S-25°S and has warmer temperatures than equatorial climates due to a less direct sun angle. Cool temperate climate occurs between 45°-60°N and 45°-60°S. Examples of locations for each climate type are provided.
What is weather
Weather refers to current atmospheric conditions including air pressure, wind, temperature, and humidity. Various factors such as the water cycle, sun, and interactions between air, water, and sun determine the state of the atmosphere. Clouds form when warm air rises and expands, cooling to the dew point and causing water vapor to condense around particles to form clouds. Different types of clouds like stratus, cumulus, and cirrus form at different altitudes and bring different weather conditions like fair skies or precipitation.
Weather and climate miguel angel-martinez
The document discusses weather, climate zones, climate types, climates in Spain, climate change, and climate natural disasters. It defines weather as short-term atmospheric conditions and climate as typical conditions over a long period. It describes the main climate zones as hot, temperate, and cold, and provides examples of climate types like equatorial, tropical, desert, oceanic, Mediterranean, continental, mountain, and polar. It also outlines the climate zones found in Spain and the main causes and impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, more extreme weather, and drought. Finally, it lists some natural disasters linked to climate like hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, droughts, and forest fires.
Spanish climates
The document describes several climates:
1. Oceanic climate has soft year-round temperatures and average rainfall of 2000 mm. Vegetation includes deciduous forests, beeches, chestnuts, oaks, and elms.
2. Mediterranean coast climate has soft temperatures and moderate rainfall, occasionally suffering cold snaps in autumn. Average rainfall is 450 mm/year. Vegetation includes holm oak and cork tree forests.
3. Subtropical climate is located in the Canary Islands. It has low temperature variation and scanty rainfall of 250 mm, more abundant at higher elevations. Vegetation varies from dragon trees at low elevations to laurisilva forests to Canary pine at mountain peaks.
Practice spelling and voabulary
This document provides vocabulary related to weather and extreme weather events. It includes definitions for types of extreme weather like lightning, hurricanes, tornadoes, hailstorms, droughts and floods. It also lists vocabulary to describe weather conditions from cool to boiling hot and types of precipitation from damp to pouring rain. The document encourages spelling and memorizing these terms and includes an incomplete weather forecast to practice using descriptive weather adjectives like changeable, clear, heavy, settled, icy, sunny and bright, strong.
Intro to Weather
Clouds form through the process of adiabatic cooling as air rises and expands. The main cloud types include cumulus, cirrus, stratus, and lenticular clouds. Global winds are driven by uneven heating of the Earth and the Coriolis effect. Air masses are classified as arctic, polar, tropical, maritime, or continental depending on their region of origin and surface characteristics. Weather fronts form boundaries between advancing and retreating air masses and can be cold, warm, or stationary fronts that bring different precipitation and cloud patterns.
2nd term answer key
The document provides information about different climate zones and climate types around the world. It discusses the key characteristics of cold zones located near the Arctic and Antarctic Circles which experience very low temperatures. Temperate zones between the Tropics and polar circles experience mild and variable temperatures. Hot zones between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn always experience high temperatures. The greenhouse effect, global warming, and climate change are also summarized as being interrelated processes impacted by human activities like deforestation and burning fossil fuels. Specific climate data is given for locations representing Mediterranean, oceanic, tropical, equatorial, hot desert, and continental climates.
2. Depressions
A depression forms where warm and cold air masses meet, creating an area of low pressure. As the depression moves across an area, it brings different weather conditions. A warm front passes first, causing cloud cover and prolonged light rain as warm air rises over cold air. Next is the cold front, which brings a short, heavy rainfall and gusty winds as cold air undercuts the warm air mass. Weather then becomes cooler and showery behind the cold front.
Severe Weather
Precipitation forms when water droplets or ice crystals become too heavy to remain suspended in the atmosphere and fall to the ground. Different types of precipitation include rain, freezing rain, sleet, hail, and snow. Thunderstorms form due to strong updrafts of air and can produce heavy rain, hail, strong winds, thunder, and lightning. Lightning is caused by a buildup of electric charges within storm clouds. Tornadoes are rotating columns of air that extend from thunderstorms to the ground with wind speeds over 50 mph. Hurricanes begin as large thunderstorms over tropical oceans and derive their energy from warm ocean waters.
World climates
This document describes 12 major climate regions of the world. It provides key characteristics for each climate type, including average temperatures, precipitation levels, geographic locations, and example biomes. The major climate types discussed are tropical humid, tropical wet and dry, arid, semiarid, Mediterranean, marine west coast, humid subtropical, humid continental, subarctic, tundra, ice cap, and highlands.
Unit 3. climate and living beings.ppt
The document describes the layers of the Earth's atmosphere and how factors like latitude, altitude, distance from bodies of water, and the greenhouse effect impact climate. It then outlines the major climate zones on Earth - polar, temperate, and tropical - and provides examples of different climate types within each zone, including rainforest, monsoon, oceanic, continental, arid, and highland climates.
Water cycle 2012 climate and pressure
There is a limited global supply of freshwater on Earth. Water moves through the water cycle by evaporating from bodies of water and the land, condensing in the atmosphere, and precipitating back down as rain or snow. This precipitation runs off into rivers and streams or soaks into the ground to replenish groundwater. Climate is influenced by factors like latitude, altitude, proximity to bodies of water, and ocean currents, which determine temperature and precipitation patterns in different regions of the world. The main climate types are tropical, temperate, and polar.
Ch 21powerpoint
This document provides information about climate and the factors that influence it. It discusses that climate is the average weather pattern of an area over many years. The main factors that affect climate are latitude, elevation, topography, water bodies, global winds, and vegetation. There are three main latitude zones - tropical, temperate, and polar - which experience different temperature and precipitation patterns based on their distance from the equator. The document also discusses the major climate classification systems and the different climate types, including humid tropical, dry, humid mid-latitude, polar, and highland climates. It notes that while climate can change naturally due to factors like volcanic eruptions and solar activity, human activities like increased greenhouse gas emissions are currently
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The climates of spain 2
The document defines weather as daily atmospheric conditions including temperature, rainfall and humidity that vary by location, while climate is the average weather pattern over many years in a place. It describes three climate zones in Spain depending on location, and notes the Balearic and Canary Islands have their own micro-climates. It also lists the six main climate zones of the world and explains the atmosphere is divided into layers, mainly providing air to breathe and water to drink.
World climates
World climates are influenced by four main factors: latitude, altitude, proximity to oceans, and ocean currents. There are five main climate zones - tropical, dry, temperate, continental, and polar. Within each zone are different climate types that influence the native biomes and human activities in those regions. For example, equatorial climates near the equator have rainforests, while grasslands are found in areas with dry midlatitude climates that have warm summers and cold winters. Human activities also vary depending on the climate, such as burning rainforests for agriculture in tropical regions or growing vineyards along temperate west coasts.
Climates of spain
Spain has a variety of climates due to its geography and location. The main factors that influence climate are distance from the sea, altitude, and proximity to the equator. Regions closer to the coast have milder temperatures, while mountainous areas and those farther inland experience colder weather on average. Spain also experiences climatic variation between coastal, mountainous, and island regions.
Weather Part 1
The document summarizes the layers of Earth's atmosphere and factors that influence weather and climate. It describes 5 main layers from the troposphere at Earth's surface to the exosphere at the top. Key points include how temperature decreases with altitude, composition varies between layers, and layers are identified by characteristics like density. Ocean currents and convection cycles transfer heat globally in complex patterns driving atmospheric circulation.
GEOG101 Chapt04 lecture
This document provides an overview of key concepts in climatology, including the difference between weather and climate, factors that influence air temperature and pressure, global circulation patterns, types of precipitation and storms, climate regions, and climatic change. It describes how solar radiation, the tilt of the Earth's axis, land and ocean currents, and greenhouse gases impact climate on global and regional scales.
Climates 21 2
The document summarizes the Koppen climate classification system which uses temperature and precipitation data to classify climates. It describes several climate types including humid tropical climates with no winter and high rainfall; wet tropical climates with rainforests; tropical wet and dry climates with distinct wet and dry periods; and various mid-latitude climates with mild or severe winters depending on temperatures. It also discusses dry climates with low rainfall, polar climates with cool summers, and generally cooler and wetter highland climates.
ANTICYCLONES QUESTIONS
An anticyclone over the British Isles in winter results in very cold weather with clear skies. Daytime temperatures are below freezing but nighttime temperatures drop much lower as there is little insulation. Radiation fogs form in low-lying areas at night due to the rapid cooling of air in contact with the frozen ground and slowly burn off in the morning due to the sun's weak heating at that time of year.
BI - ANTICYCLONES
Anticyclones are high pressure weather systems that form over the British Isles frequently. They are characterized by calm winds with widely spaced isobars, sinking air that warms and decreases humidity, causing clear skies. In winter, anticyclones bring cold days and frosts with the potential for pollution inversions, while summer anticyclones result in hot days with hazy sunshine and the risk of thunderstorms from moist air masses. Anticyclones can influence weather conditions for up to 10 days as they move slowly across the region.
Air Masses Affecting the British Isles
The British Isles experiences variable weather brought about by air masses originating from different source regions. As the air masses move over land and sea, they are modified before reaching the British Isles and influencing local weather conditions. The document then provides a table summarizing the key characteristics of the six main air masses that affect the weather in the British Isles, including their typical temperature, humidity, stability, and impact on visibility and weather patterns.
Upper Secondary Geography-Climatic types
The document describes three main climatic types: equatorial, monsoon, and cool temperate. Equatorial climate is located between 10°N and 10°S and is characterized by high temperatures, small temperature ranges, high humidity, heavy rainfall, and no distinct wet or dry seasons. Monsoon climate is located between 5°N-25°N and 5°S-25°S and has warmer temperatures than equatorial climates due to a less direct sun angle. Cool temperate climate occurs between 45°-60°N and 45°-60°S. Examples of locations for each climate type are provided.
What is weather
Weather refers to current atmospheric conditions including air pressure, wind, temperature, and humidity. Various factors such as the water cycle, sun, and interactions between air, water, and sun determine the state of the atmosphere. Clouds form when warm air rises and expands, cooling to the dew point and causing water vapor to condense around particles to form clouds. Different types of clouds like stratus, cumulus, and cirrus form at different altitudes and bring different weather conditions like fair skies or precipitation.
Weather and climate miguel angel-martinez
The document discusses weather, climate zones, climate types, climates in Spain, climate change, and climate natural disasters. It defines weather as short-term atmospheric conditions and climate as typical conditions over a long period. It describes the main climate zones as hot, temperate, and cold, and provides examples of climate types like equatorial, tropical, desert, oceanic, Mediterranean, continental, mountain, and polar. It also outlines the climate zones found in Spain and the main causes and impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, more extreme weather, and drought. Finally, it lists some natural disasters linked to climate like hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, droughts, and forest fires.
Spanish climates
The document describes several climates:
1. Oceanic climate has soft year-round temperatures and average rainfall of 2000 mm. Vegetation includes deciduous forests, beeches, chestnuts, oaks, and elms.
2. Mediterranean coast climate has soft temperatures and moderate rainfall, occasionally suffering cold snaps in autumn. Average rainfall is 450 mm/year. Vegetation includes holm oak and cork tree forests.
3. Subtropical climate is located in the Canary Islands. It has low temperature variation and scanty rainfall of 250 mm, more abundant at higher elevations. Vegetation varies from dragon trees at low elevations to laurisilva forests to Canary pine at mountain peaks.
Practice spelling and voabulary
This document provides vocabulary related to weather and extreme weather events. It includes definitions for types of extreme weather like lightning, hurricanes, tornadoes, hailstorms, droughts and floods. It also lists vocabulary to describe weather conditions from cool to boiling hot and types of precipitation from damp to pouring rain. The document encourages spelling and memorizing these terms and includes an incomplete weather forecast to practice using descriptive weather adjectives like changeable, clear, heavy, settled, icy, sunny and bright, strong.
Intro to Weather
Clouds form through the process of adiabatic cooling as air rises and expands. The main cloud types include cumulus, cirrus, stratus, and lenticular clouds. Global winds are driven by uneven heating of the Earth and the Coriolis effect. Air masses are classified as arctic, polar, tropical, maritime, or continental depending on their region of origin and surface characteristics. Weather fronts form boundaries between advancing and retreating air masses and can be cold, warm, or stationary fronts that bring different precipitation and cloud patterns.
2nd term answer key
The document provides information about different climate zones and climate types around the world. It discusses the key characteristics of cold zones located near the Arctic and Antarctic Circles which experience very low temperatures. Temperate zones between the Tropics and polar circles experience mild and variable temperatures. Hot zones between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn always experience high temperatures. The greenhouse effect, global warming, and climate change are also summarized as being interrelated processes impacted by human activities like deforestation and burning fossil fuels. Specific climate data is given for locations representing Mediterranean, oceanic, tropical, equatorial, hot desert, and continental climates.
2. Depressions
A depression forms where warm and cold air masses meet, creating an area of low pressure. As the depression moves across an area, it brings different weather conditions. A warm front passes first, causing cloud cover and prolonged light rain as warm air rises over cold air. Next is the cold front, which brings a short, heavy rainfall and gusty winds as cold air undercuts the warm air mass. Weather then becomes cooler and showery behind the cold front.
Severe Weather
Precipitation forms when water droplets or ice crystals become too heavy to remain suspended in the atmosphere and fall to the ground. Different types of precipitation include rain, freezing rain, sleet, hail, and snow. Thunderstorms form due to strong updrafts of air and can produce heavy rain, hail, strong winds, thunder, and lightning. Lightning is caused by a buildup of electric charges within storm clouds. Tornadoes are rotating columns of air that extend from thunderstorms to the ground with wind speeds over 50 mph. Hurricanes begin as large thunderstorms over tropical oceans and derive their energy from warm ocean waters.
World climates
This document describes 12 major climate regions of the world. It provides key characteristics for each climate type, including average temperatures, precipitation levels, geographic locations, and example biomes. The major climate types discussed are tropical humid, tropical wet and dry, arid, semiarid, Mediterranean, marine west coast, humid subtropical, humid continental, subarctic, tundra, ice cap, and highlands.
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The document describes the layers of the Earth's atmosphere and how factors like latitude, altitude, distance from bodies of water, and the greenhouse effect impact climate. It then outlines the major climate zones on Earth - polar, temperate, and tropical - and provides examples of different climate types within each zone, including rainforest, monsoon, oceanic, continental, arid, and highland climates.
Water cycle 2012 climate and pressure
There is a limited global supply of freshwater on Earth. Water moves through the water cycle by evaporating from bodies of water and the land, condensing in the atmosphere, and precipitating back down as rain or snow. This precipitation runs off into rivers and streams or soaks into the ground to replenish groundwater. Climate is influenced by factors like latitude, altitude, proximity to bodies of water, and ocean currents, which determine temperature and precipitation patterns in different regions of the world. The main climate types are tropical, temperate, and polar.
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Climate change is evidenced by rising global temperatures and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases over the last century. Several causes contribute to climate change, with greenhouse gases, chiefly carbon dioxide and methane from human activities like burning fossil fuels and agriculture, accounting for over 90% of current warming. General climate models predict further global temperature increases of 1.4-5.8°C by 2100 depending on emissions scenarios, with effects including more severe droughts that endanger food supply.
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This document discusses the Earth's atmosphere and climate. It begins by describing the different layers of the atmosphere, including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. It then discusses the key properties of air, such as its composition, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and relative humidity. Next, it differentiates between weather and climate, and lists some factors that influence weather like atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind, and humidity/precipitation. Finally, it outlines the Earth's major climate zones of cold, hot, and temperate, and provides examples of different climate types within those zones, like Mediterranean, continental, oceanic, equatorial, tropical, and polar climates. Maps and diagrams
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This document summarizes key concepts about Earth's atmosphere and weather. It describes the four main layers of the atmosphere, how temperature and pressure vary with altitude. It also explains atmospheric phenomena like humidity, dew point, condensation, cloud types, global wind patterns, air masses, fronts, and severe weather events like thunderstorms, tornadoes and hurricanes.
Weather
The atmosphere is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth that makes life possible. It extends thousands of kilometres and is composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen, along with other gases. The atmosphere is divided into layers with varying temperatures, thicknesses, and compositions, including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere closest to Earth's surface. Weather describes short-term atmospheric conditions in a particular place, while climate refers to average weather conditions over a longer period of time.
Weather and climate
The atmosphere can be summarized as follows:
1) The atmosphere is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth that makes life possible. It is mainly composed of nitrogen and oxygen and extends thousands of kilometers above the Earth's surface.
2) The atmosphere is divided into layers with different temperatures, thicknesses, and compositions including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.
3) Key components of the atmosphere include temperature, air pressure, precipitation, and wind, which are all influenced by global and local geographic factors and help determine the weather and climate of different regions.
Unit 5
This document provides an overview of the Earth's atmosphere and climate. It discusses the different layers of the atmosphere, including the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. It describes properties of air like composition, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity. It explains concepts of weather and climate, factors that influence weather like pressure, temperature, wind, and precipitation. It also outlines the Earth's climate zones of cold, hot, and temperate, and identifies nine climate types based on temperature and precipitation patterns. Climographs are introduced as a way to graphically represent annual temperature and precipitation data to identify a location's climate.
Weather and climate
The atmosphere has different layers, including the troposphere where weather occurs. Weather describes current atmospheric conditions like temperature and precipitation. Climate describes average weather conditions over a long period of time for a particular region. The world is divided into climate zones based on heat received from the sun, including hot, temperate, and cold zones with different characteristic climates like rainforests, savannahs, and deserts. Spain has a variety of climates due to its location and terrain, ranging from mild and rainy in northern regions to hot and dry in interior regions.
Unit 5. ATMOSPHERE: WEATHER AND CLIMATE
This document summarizes the key components of the Earth's atmosphere and how weather and climate work. It discusses the different layers of the atmosphere, the properties of air, and the factors that influence weather such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind, and humidity. It also distinguishes between weather, which refers to short-term conditions in a localized area, and climate, which describes weather patterns over a longer period of time in a particular region. Finally, it outlines the major climate zones of the Earth and the different climate types within those zones.
GEOG101 Chapter 4 Lecture
This document provides an overview of key concepts in climatology, including the difference between weather and climate, factors that influence air temperature and pressure, global circulation patterns, types of precipitation and storms, climate regions, and climatic change. It describes how solar radiation, the tilt of the Earth's axis, land and ocean currents, and greenhouse gases impact climate on global and regional scales.
Weather
The document discusses various weather and climate concepts including:
- Weather involves short term atmospheric changes while climate refers to long term patterns over decades or centuries.
- Key weather elements include temperature, air pressure, precipitation, clouds, and water cycle processes like evaporation and condensation.
- Weather phenomena like clouds, fog, and precipitation form when air reaches the dew point temperature at which water vapor condenses.
- Different types of precipitation depend on whether the dew point is above or below freezing.
- Weather fronts, air masses, and large storm systems like hurricanes and tornadoes cause extreme weather and can be dangerous.
- Lake effect snow and nor'easters are types of storms that bring heavy
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Climates2016
- 1. The atmosphere: components and layers. Atmosphere is a layer of gases that surround the Earth. It’s 1000 km. thick. Oxygen and nitrogen are the main components, but it has other gases as CO2 or Ozone, vital for life. Low temperatures High temperatures (ozone layer)
- 2. Atmospherical global risks Global warming by greenhouse effect: More amount of CO2 increases Earth temperatures Ozone hole: It lets the ultraviolet Radiation reach Earth
- 3. FEATURES AND FACTORS OF CLIMATE MAIN CLIMATES FEATURES ARE TEMPERATURE How warm the air is. WIND Movement of air masses, depending On atmospheric pressure. PRECIPITATION Amount of water falling in a place PRESSURE
- 4. High pressure (antyciclone) Good weather No wind WEATHER CHART Cold front Rain Low pressure (depression) Bad weather Isobars wind Warm front Rain
- 5. Where are the anticyclones and depressions?
- 7. “anvil cloud” (Nube yunque) over Cáceres -sept. 2014- 1. Formation of the Anvil. 2. Dispersion of the Storm cell.
- 8. Tornadoes and Heavy storms Appear when Two masses of Air colide... Kansas, USA Cold and humid air Hot and dry air
- 9. Different pressure in the atmosphere creates masses of air: Depressions and anticyclones Counterclockwise: H Clockwise: L
- 11. Anticyclone weather (stable and dry, can be cold or Hot) Sunny weather High clou (cyrrus) fog
- 12. Cáceres, Cerro Arropé 570 metros de altura, Navidad. Nieblas anticiclónicas
- 13. FACTORS OF CLIMATE CLIMATE IS INFLUENCED BY… LATITUDE Equator = hot; poles = cold ALTITUDE The higher, the colder. PROXIMITY TO SEAS AND OCEANS The closer to an ocean, the milder and more humidity. MOUNTAIN RANGES Shadow effect. OCEAN CURRENTS Warm currents: mild weather, cool currents: dry and cold. GREENHOUSE EFFECT CO2 keeps planet Earth warm enough to allow life to emerge.
- 18. Factors: greenhouse effect Global warming by greenhouse effect: More amount of CO2 increases Earth temperatures
- 19. WORLD CLIMATES
- 20. Example of climograph (Cáceres) Red curve shows Temperature. Light blue boxes Shows rainfall. Every capital letter means a month of The year.
- 21. When happens the maximum precipitation? When is the minimum temperature? When is the highest temperature?
- 22. EQUATORIAL CLIMATE Temperatures are very high and without variation. Rainfall: 1500 mm all the year Round.
- 23. Tropical climate Between the Equator and the tropics. Temperatures are high all the year round. There is a dry season and a wet season. depending on rainfall, it will be a dry tropical climate or wet. Monzonic climate
- 24. Temperatures are high (average 25ºC), But may fall below 18º some months Precipitation is scarce, less than 300 mm HOT DESERT CLIMATE Arizona, USA
- 25. Anatolia plateau, Turkey STEPPES CLIMATE Precipitation is similar to hot deserts. Temperatures are less than 5ºC in winter. Steppes depend not only on latitude But in mountains ranges as well.
- 26. Mediterranean Climate Cape Town, South Africa Located on 60º latitude Summers are hot and dry, And winters are mild. Most precipitations fall In spring and autumn (300-800 mm)
- 27. Continental climate Inlands, Northern Hemisphere Sharp contrast between cold Winter and warm summer. Rainfall: 300-1000 mm
- 28. Oceanic climate Close to west coasts of oceans Summers and winters are mild. Preciptations are Abundant (+1000 mm)
- 29. Polar climate Temperatures are very low During the whole year. There is no summer and Rainfall is scarce. Sun rays are weak and angled In sharp contrast with Equator.
- 30. MOUNTAIN CLIMATE High amount of precipitations. Low temperatures. The higher altitude we are, the lower precipitations And higher precipitations.
- 31. Which climates can we identify in the following climographs?