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Climate Change Adaptation and Multilevel Governance in the Great Barrier Reef
- 1. Climate Change Adaptation & Multilevel Governance in the Great Barrier Reef Pedro Fidelman & Anne Leitch Climate Change Adaptation & Multilevel Governance in the Great Barrier Reef Pedro Fidelman & Anne Leitch NCCARF Workshop I 17 Nov 2010
- 2. Outline » GBR & Climate Change » Adaptation Strategies » Types » Triggers » Purposefulness » Interplay (i.e., interactions) © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 3. Great Barrier Reef Area GBRMPA (2009)
- 4. The Great Barrier Reef » World’s largest reef system » High biodiversity » World Heritage Site » Goods and services ~ 6 A$ billion/year Tourism, fishing etc. » Climate Change, a major threat » World’s largest reef system » High biodiversity » World Heritage Site » Goods and services ~ 6 A$ billion/year Tourism, fishing etc. » Climate Change, a major threat © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 5. Impacts on the GBR
- 6. Who makes adaptation decisions? » Governments national, state, local » Society individuals, organisations, networks » Business & Industry fishing, tourism, agriculture etc. © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 7. Role of Governments Important capacity building and reform role » Providing information for business and communities to adapt » Setting the right conditions for business and communities to adapt » Government programs and public assets (Australian Government Position Paper, 2010) © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 8. Governments and Climate change (LGAQ, 2007)
- 9. Adaptation Organisations Level Organisations Federal • Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency • Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts • Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority • The Department of Innovation, Industry, Science & Research • Australian Research Council • National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility • Australian Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council • Council of Australian Governments State • Office of Climate Change • Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence • Premier's Council on Climate Change • Department of Infrastructure and Planning • Department of Environment and Resource Management • Department of Premier and Cabinet • Reef Plan Secretariat • Department of Primary Industries Local • 42 local councils (in the GBR catchment) © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 10. Adaptation by Tier of Government Tier Example Federal • National Climate Change Adaptation Programme (2004) • National Climate Change Adaptation Framework (2007) • National Adaptation Research Plans (2010) • Climate Change and the GBR: A Vulnerability Assessment (2007) • Climate Change Adaptation Actions for Local Governments (2007) State • ClimateQ: toward a greener Queensland (2009) • ClimateSmart Adaptation 2007-2012 • ClimateSmart 2050 (2007) • Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence • Premier's Council on Climate Change Local • Risk Identification and Prioritisation for Climate Change Adaptation in Townsville City Council's Operation Activities (Local Adaptation Pathways Program, 2008) • Mackay Beach Plans (e.g., Shoal Point, Haliday Bay, Ball Bay) • Positive Change - Climate Change Risks and Opportunities for the Cairns Region (Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan, 2009) • Cairns Regional Council Corporate Sustainability Policy 2009 © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 11. Type of Adaptation Adaptation Output Example Information & research • GBR Outlook Report 2009 identifies climate change as a major threat to the Reef, and highlights gaps in information for improved understanding of ecosystem resilience • Climate Change and the GBR: A Vulnerability Assessment examines vulnerability of GBR species, habitats and key processes to climate change Policy, Plans, Programs • GBR Climate Change Action Plan outlines actions to increase the GBR resilience • National Climate Change Adaptation Framework presents a strategy for coordinating actions of Australian governments. Legislation • Marine Parks Act 2004 (Qld) includes consideration of issues related to resilience of the Reef (e.g., protection, conservation & restoration) • Sustainable Planning Act 2009 (Qld) requires consideration of climate change as a matter of environmental protection and ecological sustainability © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 12. Type of Adaptation © Pedro Fidelman 2010 Adaptation Output Example Tools & guidelines • Adapting to Climate Change a Queensland Local Government Guide helps local councils assess the risk of, and respond to climate change • Adaptation to Climate Change in Regional Natural Resource Management Plans provides guidelines to address climate change in developing NRM plans Networks & committees • The GBR Tourism Climate Change Action Group consists of representatives from GBRMPA, Queensland Department of Environment and Resources Management, and the tourism industry, and addresses climate change issues for this industry. • NCCARF Adaptation Research Networks facilitates collaborative climate change adaptation research, exchange of information and resources sharing.
- 13. Purposefulness Climate Non-Climate • Coral Bleaching Response Plan • GBR Climate Change Action Plan • ClimateSmart Adaptation Plan • Local Adaptation Pathways Program • Implications of Climate Change for Australia's World Heritage Properties: A Preliminary Assessment • Australia’s Biodiversity and Climate Change: A Strategic Assessment of the Vulnerability of Australia’s Biodiversity to Climate Change • Caring for our Country Programme • GBR Outlook Report 2009 • Coastal Protection and Management Act 1995 • GBR Marine Park Zoning Plan • Q2 Coasts and Country Program • Sustainable Planning Act 2009, Qld • Reef Plan • Reef Rescue • NRM Plans • Coastal Management Plan • Regional Coastal Management Plans © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 14. Triggers of Adaptation Triggers Example • Impacts of climate change • Experienced/ perceived climate impacts, e.g., coral bleaching • GBR Coral Bleaching Response Plan • GBR Climate Change Action Plan • GBR Marine Park Mgt • Strategies developed for the management of the GBR Marine Park • GBR Marine Park Zoning Plan 2003 • GBR Climate Change Action Plan • Legislation • Statutory requirements, sustainable development principles • Sustainable Planning Act 2009 (Qld) • GBR Marine Park Act 1975 • Natural Resource Management • NRM issues, e.g., water quality, biodiversity, erosion & soil conservation • Regional NRM plans • Reef Plan • Reef Rescue • Planning & management schemes • Coastal management and protection, state planning schemes • Far North Queensland Regional Plan • Shoreline Erosion plans • Regional Coastal Management plans © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 15. Interplay in the GBR © Pedro Fidelman 2010 Federal Queensland Local Joint strategy
- 16. Horizontal Interplay © Pedro Fidelman 2010 Federal Queensland
- 17. Vertical Interplay © Pedro Fidelman 2010 Federal Queensland Local
- 18. Interplay in the GBR © Pedro Fidelman 2010 Federal Queensland Local Joint strategy
- 19. Adaptation & the GBR » Wide variety of strategies at all tiers of government » Focuses on building adaptive capacity » Adaptation driven by Federal and State government » Interplay is pervasive due to functional interdependence » Interplay management may improve adaptation © Pedro Fidelman 2010
- 20. Kate Nairn (RA) National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility (NCCARF) Pedro.Fidelman@jcu.edu.au Acknowledgements
Editor's Notes
- This paper explores the notion of interplay (i.e., the interactions between and among adaptation strategies) and its implications for adaptation policy.