Wheat is the third most produced cereal grain after maize and rice. It originated in the Fertile Crescent and provides nourishment to populations around the world. The wheat kernel contains the husk, endosperm, bran, and germ. Wheat can be classified as whole grain, refined grain, or enriched grain depending on whether the bran and germ are removed during processing and nutrients added back. Other common grains include barley, oats, rye, and less common grains such as quinoa, kamut, amaranth, and buckwheat.