This document discusses the classification of matter. It defines a pure substance as matter that has a definite and uniform chemical composition and properties that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means. Pure substances can be elements, which are made of a single type of atom, or compounds, made of two or more different types of atoms bonded together. Elements are the basic building blocks of matter and cannot be broken down further. The document also defines mixtures as combinations of two or more pure substances that retain their individual properties and can be separated physically. Mixtures can be either homogeneous, where the components are uniformly mixed, or heterogeneous, where the components separate visually.

1. CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
•It is important to know that all solids are
not the same, all liquids are not the same.
And all gasses are never the same.
•Matter can be classified based on its
composition.

2.  A substance is simply matter with
definite chemical composition and
distinct properties.
 A substance can be an element or a
compound but not a mixture.
Example
Water (H2O), Hydrogen (H2), and Neon
(Ne)
Salt (sodium chloride) diamond (carbon)
and gold.
 Substance cannot be separated into
components by physical separation
techniques.
Pure Substance

3. Remember
Pure substance are always
homogeneous
Pure substance are made up of
only one kind of matter.
Pure substance have definite
composition
Pure substance have definite
melting and boiling points.

4. Pure substance is made up of
only one kind of
molecule/matter and cannot
be separated by physical
means.

5. Elements
Is a substance made from 1
type of atom (ex. Oxygen) is
an element made up of only
one oxygen atoms.

6.  Atom is made up
of electrons,
protons and
neutrons.
Molecule – two or
more atoms joins
up
Compound –
different atoms
joins

7. Remember
 Elements are said to be the building
blocks of matter. It cannot be broken
down into simpler substance because
it is the simplest form of matter.

8. Classification of
Elements
METALS
NON- METALS
METALLIODS

9. METALS
 Metals are hard, the
characteristic of metals is
known as malleability. Metal
also exhibit ductility, the ability
to be drawn into wire.
 Metals are attracted to
magnets.
 Metal has the ability to
conduct heat and electricity.

10.  Metals have high
densities and melting
temperatures. They
are lustrous.
 All metallic element
except mercury (Hg)
are solid at room
temperature.

11. NON-METALS
 Non-metals tend to be brittle when
they exist as solids. They exhibit no
metallic luster.
 They have low densities and are
poor conductors of heat and
electricity.
 Low melting points. And may exist
as gases at room temperature.

12. METALLOIDS
 Metalloids have the
characteristics of metals
and non metals.
Metalloids in the
periodic table is nearer
to the non-metal.
 It has more non-metal
characteristics
compared to its
metallic.
 They are brittle when
solid and cannot be
hammered into new

13. They are able to conduct
electricity under certain
condition but not as well as
metals.

14.  Mixture is made up
of two or more kinds
of molecules, which
can be separated by
physical or
mechanical means.
 In science, we call
the physical
combination of two
or more pure
substances as
mixture.

15.  The characteristics
of the components
of mixture are
retained in the
mixture.
 Mixture can be
separated by
ordinary physical
processes.

16. Homogeneous Mixture
 A mixture in which
the molecules are
thoroughly mixed;
a mixture that is
uniform
throughout.
 It has the same
uniform
appearance and
composition
throughout.

17.  In this kind of mixture, you can’t
distinguish the components
Example

18. Solutions are homogenous mixtures.
The components of solution are
solute, which is the dissolved
particles, and the solvent, which is the
dissolving particles.

19. Heterogeneous Mixture
 A mixture having a
non-uniform
composition. The
composition varies
from one region to
another, with at least
two phases that
remain separate from
each other, with
clearly identifiable

20.  A mixture can also result in two or
more phases clearly separated by
boundaries. Very often, the separation
can be clearly seen by the eye. A
heterogeneous mixture is one that
does not have uniform properties and
composition.

21.  Heterogeneous mixtures
include colloids, emulsions or
suspensions