Classification of drugs

1. Dr. L. SAKTHI KUMAR M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
S.B.K. COLLEGE
ARUPPUKOTTAI – 626 101
e-mail :lsakthi@rediffmail.com

2. CLASSIFICATION OF
DRUGS
IN
PHARMACEUTICAL
CHEMISTRY

3. What do you mean by a
Drug?
Chemicals which are used as
medicine to cure the diseases are
known as drugs

4. 1. TOPICAL DRUGS
Chemical agents which are applied to
the skin and mucous membrane for
localized effects within the membrane

5. EXAMPLES
• zinc carbonate- lubricating agent and drying agent
• Zinc stearate – Water repellent oinments
• Benzoin – Tincture (Protective against
irritation on skin)
• Animal fats and
Vegitable oils - Oinments preparation in lotions

6. • Benzoyl peroxide – Mild Anti bacterial
• Menthol - Coolness & Local
Analgesic effect
• Camphor - weak Analgesic effect
• Salicylic acid - Anti septic
• PABA - Sun screen in lotions
( Absorbs UV light)

7. Allantoin – maggot (worm)
infections
• One of the topical
Ointment used during
the I world war

8. 2. Gastrointestinal Tract Drugs
(GITD)
• Drugs that are used to cure the Acid peptic
diseases in the stomach ( Gastric ulcer,
Duodenal ulcer, Gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD)
• Parietal cell disorder is Responsible for the
HCl secretion

9. Antacids
• They are the drugs which react with HCl to
form salt and water and raising the gastric
pH value.
• Raising the pH from 1.3 - ~5 prevents the
Ulcer and it ill effects
Ex: Aluminium Hydroxide gels, Aluminium
Carbonate gels, Calcium carbonate,
Magnesium Oxide, Sodium bicarbonate.

10. H2 – RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS
Histamines analog drugs
• Cimetidine
• Anti Ulcer drug

11. Ranitidine hydrochloride
• Short term Duodenal
Ulcer

12. Niatidine
• Acute (Time being)
Duodenal Ulcer

13. Famotidine
• Short term Duodenal
Ulcer, Gastric Ulcer

14. Liver drugs
• Drugs that used to treat chronic damage
produced by Hepatitis- B,C viruses in the
liver.
Ex : INTERFERON ALFA – 2B
Family of proteins secreated by
Limphocytes in response to viral
infections

15. 3.Cardiovascular Drugs
• Any drug which is used to treat the
diseases caused in Heart and Blood
vessels
• Based Blood vessels
• 1. Antihypertensive drugs
• Used in the treatment of Hypertension

16. Antihypertensive drugs
• Ex: Clonidine
Hydrochloride

17. Methyldopa

18. Captopril

19. Based on Heart
• Digitoxin
• First drug used
• Isolated from the
plant Digitalis
purpurea

20. NIFEDIPINE

21. Respiratory Drugs
• The drugs used to treat respiratory
diseases like Asthma, Bronchitis and
Cough

22. AMINOPHYLLINE

23. THEOPHYLLINE

24. ACETYLCYSTEINE

25. Anti Epileptic Drugs
• Drugs which are used to treat epilepsy or
seizures (Convulsion)

26. Carbamazepine

27. ETHOSUXIMIDE

28. PHENYTOIN

29. VALPROATE

30. Psychopharmacologic agents
• Drugs that alter the mind and behavior of
the human beings

31. TYPICAL
ANTI PSYCHOTICS
Chlorpromazine

32. Fluphenazine

33. Promazine

34. ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUGS can
also be used
• Ex: Amitriptyline

35. ANTISPASMODIC DRUGS
• Drugs which are used to relieve muscle
spasm (sudden tightened muscles)
• Muscle relaxants

36. BALCLOFEN

37. Carisoprodol

38. DIAZEPAM

39. DOXEPIN

40. CNS DRUGS
• DRUGS THAT ARE USED TO CURE THE
CENTRAL NERVEOUS SYSTEM
DISORDERS
• TWO CLASSES
• STIMULANTS
• DEPRESSANTS

41. CNS STIMULANTS
• CAFFEINE
• THEOPHYLLINE

42. CNS STIMULANTS
• AMPHETAMINE
• COCAINE

43. CNS DEPRESSANTS
• CHLOROPROMAZINE
• VENLAFAXINE

44. ANTI ANXIETY DRUGS
• It is an emotional state, unpleasant in nature
associated with un easiness, discomfort and
fear.
• It is one of the mild CNS depressant drug
treatment

45. ANTI ANXIETY DRUGS
• LORAZEPAM
• ALPRAZOLAM

46. ANALGESIC, ANTIPYRETIC AND
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
• Drugs which are used to remove the pain is
Analgesic
• Drugs which are used to remove the
elevated body temperature is Anti pyretic
• Drugs which are used to treat the
inflammation and arthritis is known as Anti
inflammatory drugs

47. Analgesics
• Nimesulide
• Codeine

48. Antipyretics
• Paracetamol
• Aspirin

49. Antiinflammatory
• Ibuprofen
• Phenylbutazone

50. Antineoplastic Drugs
• Drugs which are used to reduce the
growth of the cancerous tumours

51. Anticancer drugs
• Vincristine
• Cisplatin

52. Diuretic Drugs
• Drugs which are used to increase the
urine secretion and reduce the
extracellular fluids are known as diuretics
drugs.

53. Diuretic Drugs
• Furosemide
• Indapamide

54. Thank You