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1. ANIMAL CLASSIFICATION

2.  Zoologists, estimate that there are over four million
animal species live on earth.
 All these animals are divided into 33 or so phyla
according to their
 body plan,
 similarities and
 evolutionary relationships.
 Historical all animals used to be divided into two
groups based on the presence or absence of a
backbone
 Animals without backbones are called invertebrates (95%)
 Animals with backbones are called vertebrates (5%)
 Although this classification was convenient it did not
have any scientific base
 Vertebratais a subphylum of the phylum Vertebrata

3. TAXONOMY
 All animals are members of the Kingdom
Animalia, also called Metazoa.
 Animals are classified in a variety of ways.
 This helps scientists to study relationships in
animal groups and to see the whole animal
family tree as it has developed through time.
 The scientific study of animal classification is
called taxonomy.
 When named, animals are placed in taxonomic
categories called taxa (taxon, sing.)
 The more closely related two animals are, the
more taxa they will share

4. CAROLUS LINNAEUS
 The classification of animal is a hierarchical
system of classification which was devised by a
Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeaus in 1757
 He devised this Scientific classification
 This is called the Linnaean taxonomic system
of classification
 It provides official names for every animal
 it also helps scientists understand how animals
are related to each other.
 The more closely related two animals are, the
more taxa they will share

5. TAXONOMIC CATEGORIES
 Domain the broadest category
 Kingdom
 Phylum (phyla, pl.)
 Class
 Order
 Family
 Genus (genera): Capitalized and in italics
 Species not capitalized, always in italics
 Prefixes “super” and “sub” can be used to make
finer distinctions

6. THE BINOMIAL SYSTEM
 Binomial nomenclature is a scientific system
whereby an organism is given two names
 Each animal is named with 2 Latin names, which
are the genus and the species
 First word: the genus, a noun
 Second word: the species, an adjective
 Both the genus and species names are italicized
 Examples: Homo sapien is the scientific name
of human beings; Canis familiaris is the dog.
 Again, these names also show how animals are
related to each other

7. ADVANTAGES OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES
 Scientific names are based on Latin, so the
meaning of terms is fixed (World-wide
agreement)
 In order to effectively study organisms, all
scientists need to use the same names.
 Using the same names keeps scientists from
getting confused about what species is being
referred to.
 People who are non Scientist use Trivial or
Common names
 Trivial names are often inaccurate and vary from
region to region

8. Examples of classification of animals
Taxon Human Gorilla Dog Grey fox
Domain Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia
Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata Vertebrata Vertebrata Vertebrata
Class Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia Mammalia
Order Primate Primate Carnivora Carnivora
Family Hominidae Hominidae Carnidae Carnidae
Genus Homo Gorilla Canis Canis
Species sapiens gorilla familiaris lupus

9. Examples of classification of animals
Taxon Cow Goat Chicken Ostrich
Domain Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya Eukarya
Kingdom Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia
Phylum Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata Vertebrata Vertebrata Vertebrata
Class Mammalia Mammalia Aves Aves
Order Primate Artiodactyla Galliformes Struthioniformes
Family Bovidae Bovidae Phasianidae Struthionidae
Genus Bos Capra Gallus Struthio
species taurus hircus gallus camellus

10. Mnemonics
King Phillip called out for good soup, or Kings
Play Chess On Funny Green Squares.
Taxonomic classification for humans:
Animalia Chordata Mammalia Primate
Hominidae Homo sapien
Anthropology Can virtually Make People Hate
Helping the Sick
Kind pigs care only for good slop