The document explains the concept of the environment, including its definition and components: natural (biotic and abiotic), human-made, and human components. It details various domains of the natural environment such as lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, as well as the interdependence of living organisms within ecosystems. Additionally, the document discusses how humans modify their environment to meet their needs and the reciprocal relationships between plants and animals.

1. ENVIRONMENT
5th june Story of Ravi
Whatever you see in
Your surroundings

2. Is the environment
around us changing?

4. TOPICS
What is Environment –
Components of Environment-
Natural Environments-
What is Ecosystem-
Human Environments-

5. What is ENVIRONMENT

6. Definition of Environment
Place people things that surrounded
any living organism
 Environment is the surrounding we live in.
It consists of both the biotic and the
abiotic components.
 Our environment includes the mountain,
rivers, lakes, animals, plants,people.

7. Components of ENVIRONMENT

8. Components of Enviornment
ENVIRONMENT
Natural
Biotic Abiotic
Human
Human
made

9. EXAMPLE
Plant
River
Car
Parks
Air
Buildings
Water
Bridges
Land
Roads

11. Natural components
Def -Natural environment components
means land (including soils), subsurface
resources, waters, the atmospheric air, flora
and fauna
Ex.water air flower plant animal

13. Biotic Components
 Biotic Components: All the living organisms in our
environment are said to be the biotic components.
Example: Plants and animals.
Abiotic components
Abiotic Components: All the non living organisms in the
environment form the abiotic components. Example:
Land and mountain.

14. Human Components
 Human-made component like roads,
bridges, industries, etc And finally human
component consists of individual, family,
society, etc. It is also called as human
environment and it reveals the activities,
creations, and interactions among human
beings.

15. Natural Environment
 Natural Environment: The natural
environment consists of all the things
occurring naturally like land, water, plants, air
etc.

16. Domains of Natural
environment
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere

17. Lithosphere
 lithosphere is the rigid, outermost layer of
the Earth's rocks and minerals, which
consists of the crust and upper mantle.
 The term "lithosphere" comes from the
Greek word litho, which means "stone,"
and "sphere," referring to the rough shape
of the Earth.

18. Atmosphere
 An atmosphere contains the air that we
breathe and is a blanket of gases that
surrounds Earth.
 It is held near the surface of the planet by
Earth’s gravitational attraction.
 A barometer is used to measure air
pressure. Argon, oxygen and nitrogen
from the three main constitutions of the
atmosphere

19. Hydrosphere
 The hydrosphere is the combined mass of
water found on, under, and above the
surface of the earth.
 This includes water in liquid and frozen
forms in groundwater, oceans, lakes and
streams.
 Approximately 75% of Earth’s surface, an
area of some 361 million square
kilometres, is covered by ocean.

20. Biosphere
 biosphere is a narrow zone on the surface
of the earth where soil, water, and air
combine to sustain life.
 Life can only occur in this zone. From
fungi and bacteria to large animals, there
are several different types of life.
 The biosphere is characterized as an area
that contains all living organisms and the
products of their activities. As a result, it
plays a critical role in the maintenance of
ecosystems.

22.  Lithosphere: The solid crust or the hard top layer of the
earth that is made up of rocks and minerals and with a
thin layer of soil. Eg: mountains, plateaus, highlands,
 Hydrosphere: Hydrosphere basically consists of all the
water bodies on the surface of the planet earth. This
includes the sea, rivers, lakes, etc.
 Atmosphere: This thin layer or blanket of air that
surrounds the earth is known as Atmosphere. This layer
protects us from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun.
This consists of a number of gases, dust and water vapour.
 Biosphere: The biosphere of the earth includes living
organisms present in our environment. All the plants and
animals are a part of our biosphere.

23. What is Ecosystem

24. What defines an ecosystem?
 An ecosystem is a community of living
organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a
particular area.
 The term eco' refers to a part of the world and
system' refers to the co-ordinating units.
 An ecosystem is a community of organisms
and their physical environment interacting
together

25. Human Environment

26. Human Environment
 This is a type of environment where the human beings modify
their surroundings as per their own requirements. The early
human beings lived a very simple life and fulfilled their needs
from the natural resources available around them.
 With time and development human needs started increasing,
with this growing needs
 humans began to change and modify their environment around.
 For example: The wheel was invented, people started a barter
system, trade and commerce started.
 There were various other developments too that changed the
way of living of the humans and they started creating their own
environment. We humans must learn the optimum utilisation of
resources.

27. What is an ecosystem?
 All plants, animals and human beings
depend on their immediate surroundings.
They are also interdependent on each
other. This relation between the living
organisms as well as the relation between
the organism and their surroundings form
an ecosystem

28. What do you mean by the
natural environment?
 The natural environment consists of land,
water, air, plants and animals. Thus, the
natural environment refers to both biotic
(plants and animals) and abiotic (land)
conditions that exist on the earth.

29. Which are the major
components of the
environment?
 The major components of the environment
are—natural (land, air, water, living things),
human-made (buildings, parks, bridges,
roads, industries, monuments, etc.), and
humans (individual, family, community,
religion, educational, economic, etc).

30. Give four examples of a
human-made environment.
 Four examples of human-made
environments—buildings, parks, bridges, and
roads.

31. What is the lithosphere?
 The lithosphere is the solid crust or the
hard top layer of the earth. It is made up of
rocks and minerals and covered by a thin
layer of soil. It is an irregular surface with
various landforms such as mountains,
plateaus, plains, valleys, etc.

32. Which are the two major
components of the biotic
environment
 Plants and animals are the two major
components of a biotic environment,

33. What is the biosphere?
 The biosphere is a narrow zone of the
earth where land, water, and air interact
with each other to support life. Thus, plant
and animal kingdom together make
biosphere, ie., the living world.

34. Tick the correct answer.
 Which is not a natural ecosystem?
 (a) Desert
 (b) Aquarium
 (c) Forest.
 Which is not a component of the human environment?
 (a) Land
 (b) Religion
 (c) Community.
 Which is a human-made environment?
 (a) Mountain
 (b) Sea
 (c) Road.
 Which is a threat to the environment?
 (a) Growing plant (b) Growing population
 (c) Growing crops.

35. Match the following:
 Biosphere (a) blanket of air which surrounds earth
 Atmosphere (b) domain of water
 Hydrosphere (c) gravitational force of the earth
 Environment (d) our surroundings
(e) the narrow zone where land, water, and air interact

36. Man modifies his environment
 Man modifies his environment in the following ways:
 He cuts forests and clears land for agriculture,
industries, and habitation.
 He tills land for agriculture.
 He uses the land to build buildings, roads, and
railways.
 He uses water.
 He uses air for his survival.
 He sets up industries, factories, etc.
 He does numerous other activities for his life,
making it comfortable

37. Plants and animals depend
on each other.
 Plants and animals depend on each other in the
following ways:
 Plants provide food to animals.
 They, in the form of forests, provide shelter to
wildlife.
 Wildlife adds beauty to the forests.
 Animals provide manure to plants for growth.
 Animals also provide beauty to forests.
 Dead animals also provide humus content.