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Class 8 – Brain Systems and Personality
n  1. Activation and Introversion/Extraversion
n  2. Approach and Avoidance/Inhibition
n  3. Sensation Seeking- Impulse Control
n  4. Setting Up our Debate
Return to Hans Eysenck and
Arousal Theory of Personality
n  What is the baseline arousal level for
Introverts?
n  For Extroverts?
BAS and BIS – Approach and
Avoidance
n  Peter Gray
n  Richard Davidson
n  Behavioral Approach System –
n  Go system - Seeking Incentives
n  Behavioral Inhibition System –
n  Stop system -Avoiding Threat
BAS
n  Left Pre-Frontal Lobe of Cortex
n  Dopamine
n  Positive Emotionality – Extroversion
BIS
n  Right Pre-Frontal Lobe of Cortex
n  Anxiety
n  Serotonin, GABA, Norepinephrine
n  Neuroticism
n  Negative Emotionality
Tellegen and Watson and Clark –
PANAS (1988) and PANAS-X (1994)
n  Scales to Measure Positive and Negative
Affect
n  Independent Factors
n  Related to Approach and Avoidance
Singer (1990) – Memory and
Goals Study
n  Desired Avoidance
n  1. Getting lost in airport
n  2. Breaking elbow in
camp
n  3. Afraid to ride horse
n  4. Getting asthma at camp
n  5. Afraid to go parasailing
n  6. Getting beat up
n  Rejected Avoidance
n  1. Back-packing in Grand
Canyon
n  2. After football. Pain and
bruises like trophies
n  3. Riding horse,
blindfolded
n  4. Rock-climbing at
Tahoe
n  5. Crossing river at
Outward Bound
n  6. Hang-gliding
What is the Third System?
n  Impulsivity – Novelty Seeking?
n  Boredom Susceptibility?
n  Sensation-Seeking?
n  Constraint?
n  Effortful Control?
Sensation Seeking - Zuckerman
n  Seeking novel stimulation
n  Lack of willingness to conform to social
norms
n  Thrill and Adventure Seeking
n  Experience Seeking
n  Disinhibition
n  Boredom Susceptibility
Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale
n  1. Thrill and Adventure-Seeking
n  Driving Fast
n  Parachuting
n  2. Experience-Seeking
n  Drug Experimentation
n  Alternative Life Style
n  3. Disinhibition
n  “Partying”
n  Many Sexual Partners
n  Gambling
n  4. Boredom Susceptibility
n  Cannot Tolerate Repetition
n  Restlessness
IUSS
n  Impulsive Unsocialized Sensation Seeking
n  Robbins and Bryan (2004) – Relationship
between IUSS, Future Orientation and Risk
Behavior
n  300 probated adolescents (73% male, 27%
female)
n  Measured on IUSS, Future Orientation,
Alcohol, Drug Use, Risky Behaviors
Topic for Debate
n  Should we use drugs to alter personality?
n  Manipulate
n  Positive Emotionality
n  Negative Emotionality
n  Impulse Control and Socialization
Questions to Consider:
n  Should companies or the military be able to
give drugs to their employees or troops in
order to enhance their performance
n  Should parents be able to screen and
manipulate the personalities of their unborn
children?
n  Should students be able to take drugs to
maximize their performance?
Important Underlying Concepts
n  Cosmetic Pharmacology vs.
Pharmacological Calvinism
n  Do we need pain to be human?
n  Are we anything more than biology?
n  What do we gain from a biological
perspective on personality?
Questions Raised
n  Individuality Would Be Sacrificed
n  Moral Advantage to working through rough
issues without reliance on drugs
n  Could society encourage use of drugs for
ends that might not be in the best interest of
the individual (e.g., super soldier)?

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Class 8 brain systems and personality - spring 15

  • 1. Class 8 – Brain Systems and Personality n  1. Activation and Introversion/Extraversion n  2. Approach and Avoidance/Inhibition n  3. Sensation Seeking- Impulse Control n  4. Setting Up our Debate
  • 2. Return to Hans Eysenck and Arousal Theory of Personality n  What is the baseline arousal level for Introverts? n  For Extroverts?
  • 3. BAS and BIS – Approach and Avoidance n  Peter Gray n  Richard Davidson n  Behavioral Approach System – n  Go system - Seeking Incentives n  Behavioral Inhibition System – n  Stop system -Avoiding Threat
  • 4. BAS n  Left Pre-Frontal Lobe of Cortex n  Dopamine n  Positive Emotionality – Extroversion
  • 5. BIS n  Right Pre-Frontal Lobe of Cortex n  Anxiety n  Serotonin, GABA, Norepinephrine n  Neuroticism n  Negative Emotionality
  • 6. Tellegen and Watson and Clark – PANAS (1988) and PANAS-X (1994) n  Scales to Measure Positive and Negative Affect n  Independent Factors n  Related to Approach and Avoidance
  • 7. Singer (1990) – Memory and Goals Study n  Desired Avoidance n  1. Getting lost in airport n  2. Breaking elbow in camp n  3. Afraid to ride horse n  4. Getting asthma at camp n  5. Afraid to go parasailing n  6. Getting beat up n  Rejected Avoidance n  1. Back-packing in Grand Canyon n  2. After football. Pain and bruises like trophies n  3. Riding horse, blindfolded n  4. Rock-climbing at Tahoe n  5. Crossing river at Outward Bound n  6. Hang-gliding
  • 8. What is the Third System? n  Impulsivity – Novelty Seeking? n  Boredom Susceptibility? n  Sensation-Seeking? n  Constraint? n  Effortful Control?
  • 9. Sensation Seeking - Zuckerman n  Seeking novel stimulation n  Lack of willingness to conform to social norms n  Thrill and Adventure Seeking n  Experience Seeking n  Disinhibition n  Boredom Susceptibility
  • 10. Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale n  1. Thrill and Adventure-Seeking n  Driving Fast n  Parachuting n  2. Experience-Seeking n  Drug Experimentation n  Alternative Life Style n  3. Disinhibition n  “Partying” n  Many Sexual Partners n  Gambling n  4. Boredom Susceptibility n  Cannot Tolerate Repetition n  Restlessness
  • 11. IUSS n  Impulsive Unsocialized Sensation Seeking n  Robbins and Bryan (2004) – Relationship between IUSS, Future Orientation and Risk Behavior n  300 probated adolescents (73% male, 27% female) n  Measured on IUSS, Future Orientation, Alcohol, Drug Use, Risky Behaviors
  • 12. Topic for Debate n  Should we use drugs to alter personality? n  Manipulate n  Positive Emotionality n  Negative Emotionality n  Impulse Control and Socialization
  • 13. Questions to Consider: n  Should companies or the military be able to give drugs to their employees or troops in order to enhance their performance n  Should parents be able to screen and manipulate the personalities of their unborn children? n  Should students be able to take drugs to maximize their performance?
  • 14. Important Underlying Concepts n  Cosmetic Pharmacology vs. Pharmacological Calvinism n  Do we need pain to be human? n  Are we anything more than biology? n  What do we gain from a biological perspective on personality?
  • 15.
  • 16. Questions Raised n  Individuality Would Be Sacrificed n  Moral Advantage to working through rough issues without reliance on drugs n  Could society encourage use of drugs for ends that might not be in the best interest of the individual (e.g., super soldier)?