This document discusses various clamping mechanisms and devices. It begins by defining clamping as securing a workpiece against forces during a machining process. It then outlines principles of effective clamping and describes common mechanical clamping devices like C-clamps, bar clamps, spring clamps, and pipe clamps. The document also briefly discusses fluid power, vacuum, magnetic, and electrostatic clamping. It concludes by recommending that a bench vice is suitable for securely holding objects during the project's machining processes.

1. CLAMPING MECHANISMS
REPORT SUBMITTED BY:
WAQAR ALI SHAH
REPORT SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. M IRFAN KHAN

2. CLAMPING
Once work piece is located, it is necessary to
press it against locating surfaces and hold it
there against the force acting upon it. The tool
designer refers to this action as clamping and
the mechanisms used for this action are
known as clamping.

3. CLAMPING PRINCIPLES
• Clamp should firmly hold the work piece
without distorting it.
• Should overcome the maximum possible force
exerted on work piece by using minimum
clamping force.
• Easy to operate
• Vibrations should tighten the cams and
wedges in the clamp design(if any) and not
loosen them

4. …CLAMPING DEVICE…
A clamping is a fastening device used to hold or
secure objects tightly together to prevent
movement or separation through the
application of inward pressure.

5. MECHANICAL CLAMPING DEVICES
While they all perform essentially the same
function of holding objects stationary, there are
several types of clamps available:

6. CONTINUED…
1. C – Clamp:
Named for its C-shaped body, the C-clamp
has a fixed jaw on one end and a screw-type
jaw on the other. Adjusting the screw closes
the jaw and applies pressure. C-clamps are
used to hold to objects flush together.

7. 2. F – Clamp:
Also known as a bar clamp, the F-clamp has one fixed jaw at the
end of a bar and another jaw that slides
along the bar to adjust capacity and
pressure. F-clamps are made for larger
objects, with bars measuring up to several
feet in length.
CONTINUED…

8. 3. Spring Clamp:
The jaws of a spring clamp are held
together by a spring on which the two
handle/jaw pieces pivot. These apply
only moderate pressure and are
Typically small. They are used to pinch
thin objects together, such as paper
to plywood.
CONTINUED…

9. 4.Edge Clamp:
The edge clamp can hold objects along
a straight line as they are fastened to a
surface. They are primarily used for
precision work in certain carpentry
projects and come in many different
lengths to accommodate longer pieces.
CONTINUED…

10. 5. Corner Clamp:
Corner clamps were specifically
designed to hold two objects together
to create an angled joint so that they
can be fastened together. They come in
a large variety of styles and sizes and
even different angles.
CONTINUED…

11. 6. One - Hand Clamp:
The one-hand clamp is a special type
of bar clamp that can be applied with
one hand by squeezing a trigger. As
the trigger is squeezed, the jaw closes,
and more squeezes equals more
pressure. They also feature a
quick-release mechanism.
CONTINUED…

12. 7. Hand - Screw Clamp:
The hand-screw clamp is primarily
used in carpentry. It is made of wood
so as not to damage the surfaces of
soft materials, such as other wood.
They come in a wide variety of sizes
and are used to hold objects together
in many positions.
CONTINUED…

13. 8. Pipe Clamp:
The pipe clamp is a lot like the
F-clamp except it uses a length
of pipe. One jaw piece is fixed
to one end and then the
adjustable piece slides along
the pipe. Any length of pipe can
be used, meaning pipe clamps
have near unlimited capacity.
CONTINUED…

14. OTHER TYPES OF CLAMPING
1. Fluid power clamping:
2. Vacuum clamping
3. Magnetic clamping
4. Electrostatic clamping

15. 1. Fluid power clamping:
Compressed air is used for power
transmission Depressurized air is
exhausted directly into atmosphere.
As load resistance increases speed
of a pneumatic devices drops and
vice versa.
Moisture in air causes rusting of
pneumatic cylinders and valves which
can be minimized by using lubricator.
CONTINUED…

16. 2. Vacuum clamping:
In vacuum clamping, an under
pressure is generated under
the work piece being clamped,
i.e. a pressure differential is
created which presses the
work piece against the clamping
plate.
CONTINUED…

17. 3. Magnetic clamping:
The magnetic clamping or
magnetic work holding can be
used in a wide range of metal
processing. Suitable for the daily
use in grinding, and milling. The
magnetic technology enables high
precision, distortion-free clamping.
CONTINUED…

18. 4. Electrostatic clamping:
With an electrical
voltage between the chuck
electrodes, the substrate can be
held and, as required, even
smoothed.
CONTINUED…

19. • We have discussed different types of clamping
devices and mechanisms in previous slides.
• Upon which we come to know that how
clamping phenomena exist.
• Through a lot of study and observations we
come to know that “Bench Vice” is suitable
for our project as a clamping device.
CONCLUSION

20. BENCH VICE
A Bench vice is a mechanical apparatus used to
secure an object to allow work to be performed
on it. It has two parallel jaws, one fixed and the
other movable, threaded in and out by a screw
and lever.