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Circumstances leading to non corporation movement.pptx
- 1. Project on Gandhiji and his national movement By Himanshu Rana IX a
- 2. Certificate This is to certify that this project has been made by Himanshu Rana under the special guidance of our history teacher Mrs. Tripti Negi.
- 3. Acknowledgement I would like to express my special thanks to gratitude to my teacher Mrs. Tripti Negi , who gave me this golden opportunity to make this project on the topic invention and innovation during industrial revolution . I would also thank to ,all those who helped me in making this beautiful project.
- 4. Circumstances leading to non corporation movement 1. THE ROWLATT ACT OF 1919 2. THE JALIANWALA BAGH TRAGEDY 3. THE KHILAFAT MOVEMENT
- 5. 1. The Rowlatt Act 1919- ‘Black Act’ RA named after the president of the committee. RA passed a set of new repressive measures to counter all political unrest , which manifested itself in many situation . Gandhiji-1917-Champaran Satyagraha in Bihar – to fight against indigo planters. Forced the government to make investigations into farmers ‘grievances and fins a solution. Ahmadabad Mill employees strikes in 1918-1919 against exploitation. With Sardar Patel led a successful Kisan campaign in Khaira . Indian soldiers were disillusioned with the political condition in India .
- 6. 2. The jallianwala Bagh Tragedy M13 April 1919- people organized a peaceful general meeting in a small garden in Amritsar. Against the proclamation issued by General Dyer on 12 April which forbade public meetings and processions. People where not informed of this proclamation. GD ordered troops to fire without warning the people , closed the only exit. The shooting continued till there was no ammunition left. Nearly 400 people were killed and 1000 were injured.
- 7. 3. The Khalifat Movement Policy of non violent and non cooperation was used in India for the first time in Khalifat Movement. KM adopted NC programme to fight against the British. 1921-the KM appealed to all the Muslims not to join the police or armed forces , and not to pay taxes. Vast possibility of Hindu Muslim unity , joint front against BI. Ali Brothers-Mohammed Ali & Shaukar Ali were arrested and jailed in 1921.
- 8. Outcome of the NC Movement Brought Gandhiji into close touch with the masses. Masses became active participants in the movement. The movement surpassed all caste and creed distinction in society. Brought Hindu and Muslim unity. Congress became a revolutionary organization because it adopted a new and changed programme. Provided a national base to the congress making it a genuine revolutionary organization. Received the support of the common masses. Indians realized by experience-passive resistance was more powerful than any weapons used by the British.
- 9. Civil Disobedience Movement Causes Effect of the movement Significance
- 10. Causes Lord Irwin In 1929, having a meeting with Ramsay Macdonald , the Prime Minister of England, Lord Irwin returned to India and declared that the object of the British Government was to grant India dominion status. But the Prime Minister under pressure of the conservative leaders, failed to keep his promise. When Gandhiji met Lord Irwin in December 1929, the latter refused to make any commitment regarding dominion status. In utter despair Gandhiji said , ‘I have burnt my boat ’. The country became prepared to fight for ‘Purna Swaraj’. The main cause of the Civil Disobedience movement was worldwide economic depression during the period 1929-1930. The organizations of the works and the peasants gathered strength under the leadership of the communists. All these events led Gandhiji to feel the necessity of launching Civil Disobedience movement.
- 11. Salt-Satyagraha The Civil Disobedience movement started with Gandhiji’s historic ‘Dandi March’. Gandhiji walked 240 miles through villages of Gujarat. He reached Dandi on 6 April 1930. He inaugurated the Civil Disobedience movement by picking up handful of salt. In Peshawar , Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan took an active role.
- 12. Effect of the movement J.N.Sengupta Civil Disobedience in different forms continued in different provinces. Special stress was laid on boycott of foreign good . In eastern India, payment of chowkidari tax was refused. In Bengal , J.N. Sengupta defied Government laws by regarding openly the books banned by the government. The movement had taken a fire hold in provinces of U.P, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Assam. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact and the Second Round Table Conference having failed, the movement was resumed with new zeal.
- 13. Significance According to the wish of Gandhiji, the congress withdrew the Civil Disobedience in 1934. Though the movement failed but it had great significance. 1. The movement marked an important state in the progress of the freedom struggle. 2. The movement received global attention. 3. Imports from Britain had fallen considerably. 4. The participation of the Muslims was significant. 5. Even middle and upper class Muslim women were active.
- 14. Quit India Movement The Quit India Movement or the Indian August Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942, during World War 2, demanding an end to British Rule of India. In terms of immediate objectives, Quit India failed because of heavy- handed suppression, weak co-ordination and lack of a clear-cut programme of action. In 1992 Reserve Bank of India issued a 1 Rupee commemorative coin to mark the golden jubilee of the Quit India Movement.
- 15. World War II And Indian Involvement British Governor General of India, Lord Linlithgow, had without consultation with the Congress brought India into the war. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose organized the Indian National Army with the help of the Japanese announced war against the British government in India. The Muslim League, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, supported the war in return Pakistan, a separate Muslim state.
- 16. Cripp’s Mission Failure The Cripps mission was an attempt in late March in 1942 to secure Indian cooperation and support for war. Cripps offered immediately self government and eventual independence in return. The Congress was divided upon its response to India’s entry to WW2. But the mission fails.
- 17. Causes of Failure The revolt of 1942 lasted for three months only. It failed in attempt to paralyze the government machinery in order to seize power. The three main causes for the failure acc. to Dr Amba Prasad are: Tactical mistakes of organization and planning. Loyalty of the services. Superior physical strength of the government.
- 18. Bibliography Http://en.Wikipedia.org/w/index.php?tittle=QuitIndiamovement Http://www.importantindia.com/13313/civil-disobedience-movement-by- mahatma-Gandhi/ Http://www.importantindia.com/16177/non-cooperation-movement/