Chromanotes09
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Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. There are several types of chromatography including gas chromatography, paper chromatography, liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. Chromatography can be used to analyze inks, dyes, plant pigments, and the chemical composition of many substances. It is commonly used in forensic science to analyze things like ink samples and identify unknown substances. The document then provides details on a paper chromatography lab and activity to identify marker pens using chromatography.
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Chromanotes09
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. The document discusses several chromatography methods including paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography. It provides examples of how chromatography can be used to analyze inks, dyes, plant pigments, and the chemical composition of unknown substances like the different compounds in gasoline. The document also includes a sample lab procedure for using paper chromatography to analyze different black ink markers.
Chromatogaphy powerpoint
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into their individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary material that separates the components at different rates based on properties like size and solubility. This document provides an overview of chromatography, including definitions of key terms like mixture, compound, solution, solute and solvent. It also describes different types of chromatography like liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and paper chromatography. Paper chromatography is demonstrated as an example where ink mixtures travel at different rates up a paper strip when placed in water, separating the different pigment colors.
Chromatography
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. There are several types of chromatography including liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and paper chromatography. Chromatography can be used in forensic science to analyze inks, dyes, drugs, and other chemical substances. It allows unknown samples to be identified by comparing how their components separate to known standards. Hands-on student experiments are described using paper chromatography to separate markers and identify mystery ink samples.
Candy chromatography experiment
This document describes a candy chromatography experiment to separate and identify the dyes in different colored candies. The goals are to use paper chromatography to see which dyes are used in candy coatings. The experiment involves dissolving candy in water to extract the dyes, applying the dye solutions to filter paper, and developing the paper in a salt water solution to separate the dye mixtures based on how strongly they bind to the paper. This allows observation of the different bands that form, identifying the individual dyes present in each candy color. The student found the experiment fun and insightful for learning about dyes, though the results could have been clearer with better filter paper.
Chomatography 2
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components by passing them through a stationary phase. It involves using different methods like liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and paper chromatography to separate compounds in inks, dyes, plant pigments, chemicals, and other unknown substances. Chromatography can identify unknown plant pigments, determine the chemical composition of substances, and separate components in mixtures like gasoline.
Chrmo
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by exploiting differences in how compounds interact with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) involves spotting a sample onto a plate coated with an adsorbent and then placing the plate in a tank with a solvent. As the solvent moves up the plate, the sample components separate due to differing interactions with the adsorbent and solvent. This allows identification of components by calculating their retention factor (Rf) values. TLC is a simple and inexpensive method to analyze mixtures like inks, plant pigments, and unknown chemical samples.
Separation of Mixtures
This document discusses methods for separating mixtures into their pure components. It describes techniques like filtration, crystallization, distillation, and paper chromatography. Filtration can separate insoluble solids from liquids. Crystallization involves evaporating a solution to leave behind crystals of the solute. Distillation separates liquids based on their boiling points. Paper chromatography uses a solvent to separate mixtures on a paper strip based on how far different substances travel up the paper. The document emphasizes that pure substances have fixed melting and boiling points, while mixtures can be separated into pure components using these techniques.
Purification Of Substances 2
The document discusses paper chromatography, a technique used to separate mixtures and identify their components. It explains the basic procedures, which involve spotting a sample onto a pencil line on chromatography paper, then developing the chromatogram by allowing a solvent to travel up the paper. This causes the different components in the mixture to travel different distances based on their solubility and adsorption to the paper, resulting in separated spots that can be used to identify the components. Paper chromatography is useful for analyzing mixtures like dyes, inks, and drugs, and allows for testing purity by observing the number of spots produced.
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Chromanotes09
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. The document discusses several chromatography methods including paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography. It provides examples of how chromatography can be used to analyze inks, dyes, plant pigments, and the chemical composition of unknown substances like the different compounds in gasoline. The document also includes a sample lab procedure for using paper chromatography to analyze different black ink markers.
Chromatogaphy powerpoint
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into their individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary material that separates the components at different rates based on properties like size and solubility. This document provides an overview of chromatography, including definitions of key terms like mixture, compound, solution, solute and solvent. It also describes different types of chromatography like liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, thin-layer chromatography and paper chromatography. Paper chromatography is demonstrated as an example where ink mixtures travel at different rates up a paper strip when placed in water, separating the different pigment colors.
Chromatography
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. There are several types of chromatography including liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and paper chromatography. Chromatography can be used in forensic science to analyze inks, dyes, drugs, and other chemical substances. It allows unknown samples to be identified by comparing how their components separate to known standards. Hands-on student experiments are described using paper chromatography to separate markers and identify mystery ink samples.
Candy chromatography experiment
This document describes a candy chromatography experiment to separate and identify the dyes in different colored candies. The goals are to use paper chromatography to see which dyes are used in candy coatings. The experiment involves dissolving candy in water to extract the dyes, applying the dye solutions to filter paper, and developing the paper in a salt water solution to separate the dye mixtures based on how strongly they bind to the paper. This allows observation of the different bands that form, identifying the individual dyes present in each candy color. The student found the experiment fun and insightful for learning about dyes, though the results could have been clearer with better filter paper.
Chomatography 2
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components by passing them through a stationary phase. It involves using different methods like liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and paper chromatography to separate compounds in inks, dyes, plant pigments, chemicals, and other unknown substances. Chromatography can identify unknown plant pigments, determine the chemical composition of substances, and separate components in mixtures like gasoline.
Chrmo
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by exploiting differences in how compounds interact with a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) involves spotting a sample onto a plate coated with an adsorbent and then placing the plate in a tank with a solvent. As the solvent moves up the plate, the sample components separate due to differing interactions with the adsorbent and solvent. This allows identification of components by calculating their retention factor (Rf) values. TLC is a simple and inexpensive method to analyze mixtures like inks, plant pigments, and unknown chemical samples.
Separation of Mixtures
This document discusses methods for separating mixtures into their pure components. It describes techniques like filtration, crystallization, distillation, and paper chromatography. Filtration can separate insoluble solids from liquids. Crystallization involves evaporating a solution to leave behind crystals of the solute. Distillation separates liquids based on their boiling points. Paper chromatography uses a solvent to separate mixtures on a paper strip based on how far different substances travel up the paper. The document emphasizes that pure substances have fixed melting and boiling points, while mixtures can be separated into pure components using these techniques.
Purification Of Substances 2
The document discusses paper chromatography, a technique used to separate mixtures and identify their components. It explains the basic procedures, which involve spotting a sample onto a pencil line on chromatography paper, then developing the chromatogram by allowing a solvent to travel up the paper. This causes the different components in the mixture to travel different distances based on their solubility and adsorption to the paper, resulting in separated spots that can be used to identify the components. Paper chromatography is useful for analyzing mixtures like dyes, inks, and drugs, and allows for testing purity by observing the number of spots produced.
CSEC Chemistry Review - Mixtures and Compounds
www.knowledgescroll.com
After Viewing This Presentation You Should Be Able to:
Distinguish between pure substances, mixtures and
compounds.
Show examples common mixtures.
Discuss the various separation techniques of mixtures based on the different properties of the components.
Lab4 chromatography
This document summarizes an experiment using paper chromatography to analyze ink samples from four pens (A, B, C, D) and compare them to a sample from a ransom note to determine which pen was used. Paper chromatography works by separating the components in a mixture based on how strongly they interact with the stationary phase (paper) versus the mobile phase (water). Components that interact more strongly with water will travel farther up the paper. By comparing the ink patterns from the pens to the sample from the note, the pen used can be identified.
Cxc separation processes
The document summarizes various separation processes based on differences in properties of mixture components. It describes six common types of mixtures that can be separated:
1. Solids with different solubility separated via dissolving and filtering.
2. Liquids with different boiling points separated by simple or fractional distillation.
3. Immiscible liquids separated using a separation funnel that exploits differences in density.
4. Solids and liquids separated by filtration which exploits differences in particle size.
5. Substances separated by chromatography which exploits differences in solubility and attraction to an absorbing medium.
6. Solids where one can sublime separated by sublimation which exploits differences in sublimation temperatures.
Paper chromatography
This document provides instructions for using paper chromatography to separate and identify the different pigment substances in spinach leaves. The process involves grinding spinach leaves into a fine pulp, applying the green mixture to a chromatography paper strip, placing the strip in an alcohol solution, and allowing the solvent to migrate up the paper, separating out the chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, xanthophylls, and carotenoids based on their differing solubility levels. The successful completion of this process would demonstrate the technique of paper chromatography.
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Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures of colored or non-colored substances that are soluble in the same solvent. It involves placing a spot of the mixture on filter paper and using one of two methods - either soaking the paper with solvent or slowly dripping solvent onto the paper - to separate the substances as the solvent travels up the paper.
O level-chemistry-notes
This document provides information about chemistry concepts including experimental chemistry, atomic structure, and the particulate nature of matter. It discusses measuring volumes of liquids and gases, methods of purification like filtration, crystallization, and distillation. It also describes kinetic particle theory and the states of matter. Atomic structure is explained including protons, neutrons, electrons and isotopes. The document also discusses elements, compounds and mixtures as well as bonding and molecular structure.
O'Levels Chemistry Notes (GCE and IGCSE)
Complete Notes on GCE/IGCSE O'levels Chemistry
1) Separation Techniques
2) Atomic Structure and Bonding
3) Moles and Stoichiometry
4) Acids, Bases and Salts
5) Electrolysis
6) Rate of Reaction
7) Metals and the Reactivity Series
8) Equilibria
9) Atmosphere
10) Organic Chemistry
Kenyatta university biochem 1 st pract report.
1. The student performed an experiment using paper chromatography to separate and identify amino acids. Filter paper with spots of unknown amino acid mixtures and known amino acids (aspartic acid, leucine, lysine) was developed in a solvent solution.
2. After development, the paper was sprayed with ninhydrin to reveal purple spots. The distances traveled by each spot and the solvent front were measured to calculate Rf values.
3. By comparing Rf values and spot colors, the unknowns were identified as aspartic acid and leucine. The experiment demonstrated the use of paper chromatography to separate and identify amino acids.
Seperation technique
This PPT is on separation technique for class 9th. This is based on chapter 2 of class 9th science : Is matter around us is pure?
Matter and its Properties Part 3
Paper chromatography, filtration, evaporation, distillation, and fractional distillation are various separation techniques for mixtures. Paper chromatography separates mixtures by having different compounds travel at different speeds on a filter paper soaked in a solvent. Filtration uses a filter paper to separate insoluble solids from liquids. Evaporation heats a mixture to separate out solids, while distillation heats a mixture to boil off and collect solvents separately from solids. Fractional distillation further separates liquids by differences in boiling points.
Paper chromatography experiment
This document describes how to perform paper chromatography to separate mixtures of colored ink dyes. Paper chromatography works by using solvents to differentially migrate the dye mixtures across a stationary filter paper phase based on differences in their polarities. The experiment demonstrated separation of 6 colored ink dyes (black, red, green, blue, purple, pink) across solutions with varying concentrations of isopropanol solvent. Observation of how far each dye migrated showed they separated into distinct components due to differences in solubility related to their chemical structures and polarities.
Organic chemistry: purification techniques
This document discusses several techniques for purifying organic compounds and determining their composition:
1) Crystallization separates impurities from a compound by dissolving it in a hot solvent and cooling to form pure crystals.
2) Sublimation separates compounds that sublime from non-subliming impurities by direct transition from solid to gas.
3) Chromatography separates mixtures based on differences in compounds' interactions with a stationary and mobile phase.
Experimental techniques
This document discusses various techniques for purifying substances, including filtration, crystallization, distillation, and chromatography. It provides examples of how each technique works and the types of mixtures it can be used to separate. Key points include:
- Filtration separates insoluble solids from liquids by passing the mixture through a filter paper.
- Crystallization forms pure crystals of a soluble solid by slowly evaporating the solvent from a saturated solution.
- Distillation boils a liquid mixture and condenses the vapor to separate components with different boiling points.
- Chromatography separates mixtures by exploiting differences in how substances partition between a stationary and mobile phase.
Purification of natural products by Dr. U.Srinivas, Professor, Srinivas colle...
Physical techniques can be used to separate and purify plant constituents. These include fractional crystallization, fractional liberation, steam distillation, fractional distillation, and sublimation. Fractional crystallization relies on differences in solubility and crystallization points to separate compounds like sugars, glycosides, steroids, and flavonoids. Sublimation involves heating a compound until it sublimates and deposits in a cooled area, leaving non-volatile impurities behind. Fractional liberation separates alkaloid salts based on differences in basicity when treated with aliquots of alkali. Steam distillation and fractional distillation are used to separate volatile constituents like oils and acids.
PURE SUBSTANCES
This document defines pure substances and mixtures. A pure substance is homogeneous and has definite properties, while a mixture contains two or more substances mixed together without chemical change. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where particle size is molecular. Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures where particle size is larger, allowing settling. Colloids have intermediate particle sizes that do not settle. The document discusses types of mixtures and their distinguishing characteristics.
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Physical properties describe characteristics of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. Some key physical properties discussed are volume, which is the amount of space an object occupies, and density, which is the mass per unit volume. Changes in physical properties, such as changes in size, shape, or state, are physical changes and do not alter the fundamental identity of the substance. Chemical changes result in a new substance forming.
Solubility and concentration of mixtures
The document discusses solubility and concentration of mixtures. It describes an experiment where salt is gradually added to water until no more will dissolve, showing that water has a maximum solubility. It then discusses how concentration describes the relative amounts of solute and solvent in a solution, and can be described qualitatively based on appearance or quantitatively by the ratio of components. Common ways to express concentration include percentage by volume or mass.
Chromatography lab report biology
Plants absorb light in order to carry out photosynthesis. This light is absorbed by chloroplasts in plant cells. Through photosynthesis, plants synthesize their own food.
Paper chromatography is normally used to separate mixtures of different molecules since capillary action happens and allows the molecules of each pigment to attract to one another and to the paper and thus, move up the paper (“Lab Report On Plant Pigments and Photosynthesis Biology Essay”).
The pigments include Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Xanthophyll, and Carotene.
The Relative Mobility Factor (Rf) value is the distance that the solute traveled divided by the distance the solvent traveled (“Chromatography of Different Colored Leaves: Lab Report”). The distance traveled by the solvent is the line to which the original solution reached when the filter paper was dipped in the solution.
The Rf values can be compared between different plant species to compare the pigments found in them.
Ink analysis
This document discusses different types of inks used throughout history, including their compositions and uses. It describes logwood inks made from extracts of the Haematoxylon campeche tree mixed with sodium carbonate and potassium chromate that produce a purplish black color. Fountain pen inks are water-based but contain additives for color, flow and characteristics. Ballpoint pen ink consists of synthetic dyes in glycol or benzyl alcohol solvents with additives like fatty acids and resins. Forensic analysis methods for inks include thin layer chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography, ultraviolet light examination, and digital image processing to determine the number and types of inks in a document.
Separation techniques and enterance to chromatography
This document discusses various separation techniques used to separate mixtures into their pure components. It describes techniques such as filtration, mechanical separation, flotation, centrifugation, distillation, crystallization, and chromatography. Distillation techniques include simple distillation and fractional distillation, which separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points. Chromatography separates soluble substances using a mobile phase and stationary phase. Examples are provided to illustrate how each technique separates specific mixtures.
chromanotes09.ppt
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. There are several types of chromatography including gas chromatography, paper chromatography, liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. Chromatography can be used in forensic science to analyze substances like inks, dyes, and other chemical mixtures. It allows investigators to identify unknown substances and compare evidence samples. The document provides instructions for performing a paper chromatography experiment using markers to separate out and identify their different color components.
CHROMOTOGRAPHY.ppt
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. There are several types of chromatography used in forensic science and other fields, including gas chromatography to analyze chemical compositions, paper chromatography to separate ink dyes and plant pigments, and liquid chromatography to identify unknown compounds. Chromatography can be used to analyze evidence such as inks, dyes, drugs, and other chemical mixtures.
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CSEC Chemistry Review - Mixtures and Compounds
www.knowledgescroll.com
After Viewing This Presentation You Should Be Able to:
Distinguish between pure substances, mixtures and
compounds.
Show examples common mixtures.
Discuss the various separation techniques of mixtures based on the different properties of the components.
Lab4 chromatography
This document summarizes an experiment using paper chromatography to analyze ink samples from four pens (A, B, C, D) and compare them to a sample from a ransom note to determine which pen was used. Paper chromatography works by separating the components in a mixture based on how strongly they interact with the stationary phase (paper) versus the mobile phase (water). Components that interact more strongly with water will travel farther up the paper. By comparing the ink patterns from the pens to the sample from the note, the pen used can be identified.
Cxc separation processes
The document summarizes various separation processes based on differences in properties of mixture components. It describes six common types of mixtures that can be separated:
1. Solids with different solubility separated via dissolving and filtering.
2. Liquids with different boiling points separated by simple or fractional distillation.
3. Immiscible liquids separated using a separation funnel that exploits differences in density.
4. Solids and liquids separated by filtration which exploits differences in particle size.
5. Substances separated by chromatography which exploits differences in solubility and attraction to an absorbing medium.
6. Solids where one can sublime separated by sublimation which exploits differences in sublimation temperatures.
Paper chromatography
This document provides instructions for using paper chromatography to separate and identify the different pigment substances in spinach leaves. The process involves grinding spinach leaves into a fine pulp, applying the green mixture to a chromatography paper strip, placing the strip in an alcohol solution, and allowing the solvent to migrate up the paper, separating out the chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, xanthophylls, and carotenoids based on their differing solubility levels. The successful completion of this process would demonstrate the technique of paper chromatography.
1
Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures of colored or non-colored substances that are soluble in the same solvent. It involves placing a spot of the mixture on filter paper and using one of two methods - either soaking the paper with solvent or slowly dripping solvent onto the paper - to separate the substances as the solvent travels up the paper.
O level-chemistry-notes
This document provides information about chemistry concepts including experimental chemistry, atomic structure, and the particulate nature of matter. It discusses measuring volumes of liquids and gases, methods of purification like filtration, crystallization, and distillation. It also describes kinetic particle theory and the states of matter. Atomic structure is explained including protons, neutrons, electrons and isotopes. The document also discusses elements, compounds and mixtures as well as bonding and molecular structure.
O'Levels Chemistry Notes (GCE and IGCSE)
Complete Notes on GCE/IGCSE O'levels Chemistry
1) Separation Techniques
2) Atomic Structure and Bonding
3) Moles and Stoichiometry
4) Acids, Bases and Salts
5) Electrolysis
6) Rate of Reaction
7) Metals and the Reactivity Series
8) Equilibria
9) Atmosphere
10) Organic Chemistry
Kenyatta university biochem 1 st pract report.
1. The student performed an experiment using paper chromatography to separate and identify amino acids. Filter paper with spots of unknown amino acid mixtures and known amino acids (aspartic acid, leucine, lysine) was developed in a solvent solution.
2. After development, the paper was sprayed with ninhydrin to reveal purple spots. The distances traveled by each spot and the solvent front were measured to calculate Rf values.
3. By comparing Rf values and spot colors, the unknowns were identified as aspartic acid and leucine. The experiment demonstrated the use of paper chromatography to separate and identify amino acids.
Seperation technique
This PPT is on separation technique for class 9th. This is based on chapter 2 of class 9th science : Is matter around us is pure?
Matter and its Properties Part 3
Paper chromatography, filtration, evaporation, distillation, and fractional distillation are various separation techniques for mixtures. Paper chromatography separates mixtures by having different compounds travel at different speeds on a filter paper soaked in a solvent. Filtration uses a filter paper to separate insoluble solids from liquids. Evaporation heats a mixture to separate out solids, while distillation heats a mixture to boil off and collect solvents separately from solids. Fractional distillation further separates liquids by differences in boiling points.
Paper chromatography experiment
This document describes how to perform paper chromatography to separate mixtures of colored ink dyes. Paper chromatography works by using solvents to differentially migrate the dye mixtures across a stationary filter paper phase based on differences in their polarities. The experiment demonstrated separation of 6 colored ink dyes (black, red, green, blue, purple, pink) across solutions with varying concentrations of isopropanol solvent. Observation of how far each dye migrated showed they separated into distinct components due to differences in solubility related to their chemical structures and polarities.
Organic chemistry: purification techniques
This document discusses several techniques for purifying organic compounds and determining their composition:
1) Crystallization separates impurities from a compound by dissolving it in a hot solvent and cooling to form pure crystals.
2) Sublimation separates compounds that sublime from non-subliming impurities by direct transition from solid to gas.
3) Chromatography separates mixtures based on differences in compounds' interactions with a stationary and mobile phase.
Experimental techniques
This document discusses various techniques for purifying substances, including filtration, crystallization, distillation, and chromatography. It provides examples of how each technique works and the types of mixtures it can be used to separate. Key points include:
- Filtration separates insoluble solids from liquids by passing the mixture through a filter paper.
- Crystallization forms pure crystals of a soluble solid by slowly evaporating the solvent from a saturated solution.
- Distillation boils a liquid mixture and condenses the vapor to separate components with different boiling points.
- Chromatography separates mixtures by exploiting differences in how substances partition between a stationary and mobile phase.
Purification of natural products by Dr. U.Srinivas, Professor, Srinivas colle...
Physical techniques can be used to separate and purify plant constituents. These include fractional crystallization, fractional liberation, steam distillation, fractional distillation, and sublimation. Fractional crystallization relies on differences in solubility and crystallization points to separate compounds like sugars, glycosides, steroids, and flavonoids. Sublimation involves heating a compound until it sublimates and deposits in a cooled area, leaving non-volatile impurities behind. Fractional liberation separates alkaloid salts based on differences in basicity when treated with aliquots of alkali. Steam distillation and fractional distillation are used to separate volatile constituents like oils and acids.
PURE SUBSTANCES
This document defines pure substances and mixtures. A pure substance is homogeneous and has definite properties, while a mixture contains two or more substances mixed together without chemical change. Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where particle size is molecular. Suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures where particle size is larger, allowing settling. Colloids have intermediate particle sizes that do not settle. The document discusses types of mixtures and their distinguishing characteristics.
041316 propertiesofmatter 12 chp2_2
Physical properties describe characteristics of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. Some key physical properties discussed are volume, which is the amount of space an object occupies, and density, which is the mass per unit volume. Changes in physical properties, such as changes in size, shape, or state, are physical changes and do not alter the fundamental identity of the substance. Chemical changes result in a new substance forming.
Solubility and concentration of mixtures
The document discusses solubility and concentration of mixtures. It describes an experiment where salt is gradually added to water until no more will dissolve, showing that water has a maximum solubility. It then discusses how concentration describes the relative amounts of solute and solvent in a solution, and can be described qualitatively based on appearance or quantitatively by the ratio of components. Common ways to express concentration include percentage by volume or mass.
Chromatography lab report biology
Plants absorb light in order to carry out photosynthesis. This light is absorbed by chloroplasts in plant cells. Through photosynthesis, plants synthesize their own food.
Paper chromatography is normally used to separate mixtures of different molecules since capillary action happens and allows the molecules of each pigment to attract to one another and to the paper and thus, move up the paper (“Lab Report On Plant Pigments and Photosynthesis Biology Essay”).
The pigments include Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Xanthophyll, and Carotene.
The Relative Mobility Factor (Rf) value is the distance that the solute traveled divided by the distance the solvent traveled (“Chromatography of Different Colored Leaves: Lab Report”). The distance traveled by the solvent is the line to which the original solution reached when the filter paper was dipped in the solution.
The Rf values can be compared between different plant species to compare the pigments found in them.
Ink analysis
This document discusses different types of inks used throughout history, including their compositions and uses. It describes logwood inks made from extracts of the Haematoxylon campeche tree mixed with sodium carbonate and potassium chromate that produce a purplish black color. Fountain pen inks are water-based but contain additives for color, flow and characteristics. Ballpoint pen ink consists of synthetic dyes in glycol or benzyl alcohol solvents with additives like fatty acids and resins. Forensic analysis methods for inks include thin layer chromatography, high pressure liquid chromatography, ultraviolet light examination, and digital image processing to determine the number and types of inks in a document.
Separation techniques and enterance to chromatography
This document discusses various separation techniques used to separate mixtures into their pure components. It describes techniques such as filtration, mechanical separation, flotation, centrifugation, distillation, crystallization, and chromatography. Distillation techniques include simple distillation and fractional distillation, which separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points. Chromatography separates soluble substances using a mobile phase and stationary phase. Examples are provided to illustrate how each technique separates specific mixtures.
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Purification of natural products by Dr. U.Srinivas, Professor, Srinivas colle...
Purification of natural products by Dr. U.Srinivas, Professor, Srinivas colle...
Separation techniques and enterance to chromatography
Separation techniques and enterance to chromatography
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Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. There are several types of chromatography including gas chromatography, paper chromatography, liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. Chromatography can be used in forensic science to analyze substances like inks, dyes, and other chemical mixtures. It allows investigators to identify unknown substances and compare evidence samples. The document provides instructions for performing a paper chromatography experiment using markers to separate out and identify their different color components.
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Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures into individual components. It works by passing a mixture through a stationary phase that separates out the different molecules. There are several types of chromatography used in forensic science and other fields, including gas chromatography to analyze chemical compositions, paper chromatography to separate ink dyes and plant pigments, and liquid chromatography to identify unknown compounds. Chromatography can be used to analyze evidence such as inks, dyes, drugs, and other chemical mixtures.
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This document outlines an experiment to use paper chromatography to separate the components of black ink. The objectives are to observe that black ink consists of other pigments and how different pigments separate based on their solubility. Paper chromatography works by using a mobile phase, like a water-alcohol solution, to carry ink components through a stationary phase, like chromatography paper, at different rates based on their solubility. The procedure involves spotting black ink on paper and developing it in a mobile phase. Observations show the separation of ink components like red, blue, and yellow. The conclusion is that black ink gets its color from a mixture of colored inks that separate during chromatography.
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Paper chromatography is an analytical technique used to separate mixtures by pigment or color. The document describes how to perform paper chromatography on marker inks to separate out the different dyes. Materials needed include paper strips, marker pens, water, and test tubes. The procedure involves making ink spots on paper strips, placing the strips in test tubes of water, and measuring how far the dye travels up the paper. This allows identification of the different dyes in each ink based on their relative flow rates.
Paper chromatography
The document discusses the process and history of paper chromatography. It begins with an introduction to chromatography and its use in separating mixtures. It then covers the history from early experiments in the 1860s to modern developments. The main types and techniques of paper chromatography are explained, including the use of a stationary phase, mobile phase, and capillary action to separate components by affinity and travel distance. Key steps like sample application and developing the paper strip are outlined.
7science q1to4-140709132409-phpapp01
This document provides a learning module for Grade 7 science that covers solutions. It includes an overview of solutions and two activities for students. The first activity asks students to identify common solutions found at home and describe their properties. The second activity involves students making predictions about whether samples will dissolve in water, mixing the samples, observing and filtering the mixtures, and analyzing the results. The document aims to teach students the key properties of solutions and factors that influence solubility.
Grade 7 Learning Module in Science (Quarter 1 to 4)
The document provides information about solutions for a 7th grade science learning module. It defines key terms like solute, solvent, saturated solution, unsaturated solution and concentration. It presents examples of naturally occurring solutions like seawater and manufactured solutions like vinegar. It describes three activities where students can observe the properties of solutions by mixing samples like sugar and salt in water. The activities demonstrate that solutions are homogeneous mixtures that form one phase and the light can pass through them, while mixtures that do not dissolve form two phases and light cannot pass through. The document also explains how to determine if a solution is saturated versus unsaturated and defines qualitative and quantitative measurements of concentration.
Wk3 session 2 tutor presentation
1. The document describes a chemistry lesson that discusses chromatography.
2. Chromatography is introduced as a technique that could be used to separate different compounds in a mixture, similar to how compounds moved at different speeds in a drag race.
3. Paper chromatography is demonstrated on food dyes, and keywords related to chromatography are discussed, such as solvent, solute, mobile phase and stationary phase.
Mixtures and solutions 3 2
The document discusses chemical reactions and their products. It explains that during chemical reactions, atoms rearrange to form new molecules, but the total number and type of atoms is conserved. It describes how the reaction between calcium chloride and baking soda forms a precipitate of calcium carbonate, which can be identified by its crystal shape and reaction with vinegar. It also introduces chemical formulas and equations as tools used by scientists to represent substances and chemical reactions.
Paper chromatography9hina)
This document provides information about paper chromatography including:
1) Paper chromatography separates mixtures into components using a stationary phase (paper) and mobile phase (solvent). Different components travel at different rates on the paper.
2) To perform paper chromatography, samples are spotted onto paper and the paper is suspended in solvent allowing components to separate as the solvent travels up the paper.
3) The distance traveled by each component relative to the solvent front is used to calculate Rf values to identify unknown substances.
Qtr1 module1 solns revised apr 27
This document provides an overview of solutions for a 6 hour module. It discusses key topics about solutions that students will learn including the properties of solutions, different types of solutions found in nature and manufactured, and factors that affect how quickly solids dissolve in water. The document outlines several hands-on activities for students to explore the characteristics of solutions and solubility. It also defines important terms like solute, solvent, saturated solutions, solubility and concentration.
Mixtures and solutions Investigation 1-1
This document describes an experiment to separate mixtures. Students add water to cups containing gravel, powder, and salt. They observe that this creates three mixtures. Students then use screens and filter paper to try to separate the mixtures. The screen separates the gravel and powder mixtures, allowing the solid materials to be caught while the water passes through. The filter paper separates the powder mixture but not the salt mixture, since salt dissolved in water to form a solution that cannot be separated with a filter.
Chemistry
For 11th and 12th grade students, an investigatory project on the topic "Chalk Chromatography".
Subject: Chemistry.
That's all folks, see ya :)
Role of Chemistry in Forensic Analysis
This document discusses various techniques used in forensic toxicology analysis, including presumptive and confirmatory drug testing, breathalyzer tests to measure blood alcohol concentration, and ink and fingerprint analysis. It describes common colorimetric and microcrystalline presumptive drug tests, as well as confirmatory tests using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Methods for developing latent fingerprints are outlined, such as powdering, vacuum metal deposition, iodine fuming, ninhydrin staining, and cyanoacrylate fuming. The principles of fingerprint patterns and classification are also briefly covered.
Power Notes Elements, Compounds and Mixtures- Day 2
The document provides instructions for students on completing assignments related to elements, compounds, and mixtures, including taking a corrected test, finishing Power Notes on these topics, and turning in Cornell notes. Students are asked to identify and classify examples of elements, compounds, and mixtures using illustrations. The final pages define solutions and saturation levels, asking students to provide their own examples of each.
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Chromanotes09
- 1. Applications in Forensic Science T. Trimpe 2006 http://sciencespot.net/
- 2. What is chromatography? From Wikipedia ... Chromatography (from Greek word for chromos for colour) is the collective term for a family of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. It involves passing a mixture which contains the analyte through a stationary phase, which separates it from other molecules in the mixture and allows it to be isolated. Which means ... Chromatography is the physical separation of a mixture into its individual components. We can use chromatography to separate the components of inks and dyes, such as those found in pens, markers, clothing, and even candy shells. Chromatography can also be used to separate the colored pigments in plants or used to determine the chemical composition of many substances. http://members.shaw.ca/vict/chemistry_test3.htm
- 3. Examples of Chromatography Gas Chromatography Used to determine the chemical composition of unknown substances, such as the different compounds in gasoline shown by each separate peak in the graph below. Paper Chromatography Can be used to separate the components of inks, dyes, plant compounds (chlorophyll), make-up, and many other substances Liquid Chromatography Used to identify unknown plant pigments & other compounds. Thin-Layer Chromatography Uses thin plastic or glass trays to identify the composition of pigments, chemicals, and other unknown substances.
- 4. Mixtures & Compounds Mixture – Two or more substances that are mixed together, but not chemically combined. Examples of mixtures ... Air – mixture of gases Bowl of cereal – mixture of cereal and milk Soda pop – mixture of soda syrup, water, and CO2 gas Fog –water suspended in air Kool-Aid – mixture of water, sugar, and flavor crystals Compounds – Two or more elements that are chemically combined. Examples of compounds ... Salt –Sodium and chlorine combined chemically Water –Hydrogen and oxygen combined chemically Carbon Dioxide – Carbon and oxygen combined chemically
- 5. Solutions Solutions are mixtures in which one substance is dissolved in another. Solutions have two parts: solute and solvent The solute is the substance that is dissolved. The solvent is the substance that does the dissolving Identify the solute and solvent in each solution ... Solution Solute Solvent Lemonade Soda pop Ocean water Solubility - A measure of how much of a given substance will dissolve in a liquid. A substance that does not dissolve in water is called insoluble. A substance that does dissolve in water is called soluble.
- 6. Paper Chromatography Lab • Obtain the supplies you’ll need. – 1 large beaker (or plastic cup) – 1 small beaker (or plastic cup) filled with water – 4 pieces of filter paper – 4 black markers for testing – 4 small pieces of masking tape – Pencil (to attach to the top of the filter paper) – Permanent marker – Timer • Write the pen number on a piece of masking tape with a permanent marker and place it at the top of the strip. • Choose one of the testing markers and draw a thick line near the bottom of the filter paper - about ¼ inch from the bottom. • Pour a small amount of water into the large cup and then hang the paper strip in the cup. Make sure the ink line does not touch the water – only the bottom of the filter paper. • Allow the water to move up the paper for 5 minutes and then remove the strip from the water. Hang it on the side of the table to dry. • Follow these directions to test the other pens. Pencil Filter Paper Ink Mark Tape – Label with marker
- 7. Complete the chart on your worksheet and then answer the questions. Questions: What colors did your group observe in each of the black ink samples? Do the colors occur in the same order on all the samples? Explain. Did some ink samples not work? Why?
- 8. Chromatography Challenge Work with your group to identify the pens used for each of the “Mystery Marks”. 1st – Test each of the Mystery Mark strips using the procedure from yesterday. 2nd – Compare your strips to the strips hanging in the classroom. 3rd – Write the number of the pen that you think matches each of the mystery marks in the space on your worksheet. 4th – Have your answers checked by the teacher. Keep trying until you are able to identify all 6 pens! Pen A matches # _____ Pen D matches # _____ Pen B matches # _____ Pen E matches # _____ Pen C matches # _____ Pen F matches # _____