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Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
As a group: describe what happened to the cars between the
beginning and end of the drag race.
I will be looking for the best use of keywords that we can apply scientifically
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
PLACE YOUR BETS!
321GO
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Who won and why?
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Discuss: What problems might you have if you were sharing these with
friends?
Mixtures
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
What is a mixture?
“ a mixture contains different chemical
elements or compounds that share the
same space but are not chemically
bonded to each other”
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Write the letters of the boxes that contain mixtures.
Na Cl
Na Cl
Na Cl
Na Cl Cl
Na
Cl Cl
Na Cl
O H
C
H
H
H H
H
C
H
H H
H
N N
OO
C OO
C O
N NO
C O
O
H
H
C
H
H H
H
C C
H
H
H
H
A B C D
E F G H
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Case Study
“Hannah the Chemist has
found a plant in the
amazon rainforest that
shows evidence of curing
the flu”
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Case Study “Hannah extracts an oil
from the plant and tests
it on volunteers”
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Case Study “The volunteers flu
symptoms are improved,
but they all get
diarrhoea”
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Case Study
In groups, propose why Hannah the Chemist’s plant oil has two
effects, and what are these effects?
Suggest what she needs to do to resolve the issue.
(Think back to our starter)
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Did you make these points?
1.Hannah’s plant oil extract contains a mixture of compounds.
2.One of these compounds cures the flu.
3.The other compound causes diarrhoea.
4.Hannah should attempt to separate the compounds in her oil.
5.This separation technique is a bit like a race, only with
compounds instead of cars.
1
1
1
1
2
Mark your group /6
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
What is this separation technique called?
Use your devices to find out the name of a
separation technique in chemistry.
The word starts with a “C”
Write it on scrap and hand it to me when you
think you have the answer.
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Chromatography
!
Tuesday, 13 October 2015
Chromatography
C/W
I think chromatography is:
Task: Describe in your own words, what you think chromatography is:
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Have you seen this before, what is a solvent?
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Solvent
A solvent is a substance that dissolves something.
In your books, list examples of solvents you can think of:
Tuesday, 13 October 2015
Chromatography
C/W
A solvent is:
Solvents I know are:
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Solvent examples:
Salt dissolves in water, so what is the solvent?
Water! - H2O
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Solvent examples:
Nail varnish dissolves in Acetone (Nail varnish remover), so
what is the solvent?
Acetone!
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Solvent demonstration
1. Polystyrene dissolving in acetone!
2. Tights dissolving in sulfuric acid!
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
So a solvent is:
And a solute is:
And a solute dissolved in a solvent makes a:
“A substance that can dissolve something”
“The thing that is dissolved by the solvent”
“Solution”
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
So how does this relate to chromatography?
“We have to dissolve the substance we want to separate to make a
solution.”
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
PLACE YOUR BETS!
321GO
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Preparing the Chromatography Strips
① Collect one experiment tray per table
② In pairs draw a line 2 cm above the bottom
edge of the strip with a pencil and ruler
③ Write 5 crosses approximately 1.5cm apart so
that they are evenly spaced
④ Dip a capillary tube into one of the food dyes
and put a small spot on the cross. Repeat this
for the other food dye solutions.
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Tasks:
1. Draw and label a diagram of paper chromatography
(Use the keywords)
2. Explain how we can use chromatography to identify if
certain known compounds are present in our mixture.
3. Propose how Hannah could use paper chromatography,
to separate and identify her flu/diarrhoea compounds.
Keywords
C - Chromatography, Separation, Compounds,
B - Solvent, Solute, Solution,
A-A* Mobile Phase, Stationary Phase, Solvent Front, Baseline, Reference Compound.
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Chromatography key words
• Solvent – a chemical such as water that dissolves another chemical
• Solute – a chemical that is dissolved
• Solution – a mixture of a solvent and solute
• Differential – showing a difference, distinctive
• Affinity – natural attraction or force between things
• Mobile Phase – gas or liquid that carries the component
• Stationary Phase – the part of the apparatus that does not move with the sample
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Retention factor (Rf) values
The Rf factor is used to compare the components of
various samples. The Rf values of suspect samples can be
compared with known samples.
Rf = distance from the base line to the spot
distance from the base line to the solvent front
Solvent front
the point at which the water stopped
moving up the paper
Centre of spot
the point at which a band or spot of
colour is Base line
the line where the original sample was
placed
If two substances have the same
Rf value, they are likely (but not
necessarily) the same compound.
If they have different Rf values,
they are definitely different
compounds.
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Developing the Chromatograms
① Pour a little water in the beaker to 1 cm depth
② Place the strips in the beakers. Make sure the
water solvent does not come above your start
line.
③ You may use a paper clip to attach the top of the
chromatogram to the glass
④ Let strips develop for around 15 minutes so that
the mobile phase (solvent + dye) has moved
over half way up the stationary phase (paper).
⑤ Remove the strips and allow them to carefully
dry them (takes 1 minute).
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Exam Practice
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Exam Practice
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Exam Practice
Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
Exam Practice

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Wk3 session 2 tutor presentation

  • 1. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
  • 2. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 As a group: describe what happened to the cars between the beginning and end of the drag race. I will be looking for the best use of keywords that we can apply scientifically
  • 3. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 PLACE YOUR BETS! 321GO
  • 4. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Who won and why? 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
  • 5. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Discuss: What problems might you have if you were sharing these with friends? Mixtures
  • 6. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 What is a mixture? “ a mixture contains different chemical elements or compounds that share the same space but are not chemically bonded to each other”
  • 7. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Write the letters of the boxes that contain mixtures. Na Cl Na Cl Na Cl Na Cl Cl Na Cl Cl Na Cl O H C H H H H H C H H H H N N OO C OO C O N NO C O O H H C H H H H C C H H H H A B C D E F G H
  • 8. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Case Study “Hannah the Chemist has found a plant in the amazon rainforest that shows evidence of curing the flu”
  • 9. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Case Study “Hannah extracts an oil from the plant and tests it on volunteers”
  • 10. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Case Study “The volunteers flu symptoms are improved, but they all get diarrhoea”
  • 11. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Case Study In groups, propose why Hannah the Chemist’s plant oil has two effects, and what are these effects? Suggest what she needs to do to resolve the issue. (Think back to our starter)
  • 12. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Did you make these points? 1.Hannah’s plant oil extract contains a mixture of compounds. 2.One of these compounds cures the flu. 3.The other compound causes diarrhoea. 4.Hannah should attempt to separate the compounds in her oil. 5.This separation technique is a bit like a race, only with compounds instead of cars. 1 1 1 1 2 Mark your group /6
  • 13. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 What is this separation technique called? Use your devices to find out the name of a separation technique in chemistry. The word starts with a “C” Write it on scrap and hand it to me when you think you have the answer.
  • 14. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Chromatography ! Tuesday, 13 October 2015 Chromatography C/W I think chromatography is: Task: Describe in your own words, what you think chromatography is:
  • 15. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Have you seen this before, what is a solvent?
  • 16. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Solvent A solvent is a substance that dissolves something. In your books, list examples of solvents you can think of: Tuesday, 13 October 2015 Chromatography C/W A solvent is: Solvents I know are:
  • 17. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Solvent examples: Salt dissolves in water, so what is the solvent? Water! - H2O
  • 18. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Solvent examples: Nail varnish dissolves in Acetone (Nail varnish remover), so what is the solvent? Acetone!
  • 19. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Solvent demonstration 1. Polystyrene dissolving in acetone! 2. Tights dissolving in sulfuric acid!
  • 20. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 So a solvent is: And a solute is: And a solute dissolved in a solvent makes a: “A substance that can dissolve something” “The thing that is dissolved by the solvent” “Solution”
  • 21. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 So how does this relate to chromatography? “We have to dissolve the substance we want to separate to make a solution.”
  • 22. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 PLACE YOUR BETS! 321GO
  • 23. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
  • 24. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2
  • 25. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Preparing the Chromatography Strips ① Collect one experiment tray per table ② In pairs draw a line 2 cm above the bottom edge of the strip with a pencil and ruler ③ Write 5 crosses approximately 1.5cm apart so that they are evenly spaced ④ Dip a capillary tube into one of the food dyes and put a small spot on the cross. Repeat this for the other food dye solutions.
  • 26. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Tasks: 1. Draw and label a diagram of paper chromatography (Use the keywords) 2. Explain how we can use chromatography to identify if certain known compounds are present in our mixture. 3. Propose how Hannah could use paper chromatography, to separate and identify her flu/diarrhoea compounds. Keywords C - Chromatography, Separation, Compounds, B - Solvent, Solute, Solution, A-A* Mobile Phase, Stationary Phase, Solvent Front, Baseline, Reference Compound.
  • 27. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Chromatography key words • Solvent – a chemical such as water that dissolves another chemical • Solute – a chemical that is dissolved • Solution – a mixture of a solvent and solute • Differential – showing a difference, distinctive • Affinity – natural attraction or force between things • Mobile Phase – gas or liquid that carries the component • Stationary Phase – the part of the apparatus that does not move with the sample
  • 28. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Retention factor (Rf) values The Rf factor is used to compare the components of various samples. The Rf values of suspect samples can be compared with known samples. Rf = distance from the base line to the spot distance from the base line to the solvent front Solvent front the point at which the water stopped moving up the paper Centre of spot the point at which a band or spot of colour is Base line the line where the original sample was placed If two substances have the same Rf value, they are likely (but not necessarily) the same compound. If they have different Rf values, they are definitely different compounds.
  • 29. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Developing the Chromatograms ① Pour a little water in the beaker to 1 cm depth ② Place the strips in the beakers. Make sure the water solvent does not come above your start line. ③ You may use a paper clip to attach the top of the chromatogram to the glass ④ Let strips develop for around 15 minutes so that the mobile phase (solvent + dye) has moved over half way up the stationary phase (paper). ⑤ Remove the strips and allow them to carefully dry them (takes 1 minute).
  • 30. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Exam Practice
  • 31. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Exam Practice
  • 32. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Exam Practice
  • 33. Effective from September 2015 | Plus Term Chemistry week 2 session 2 Exam Practice