chondrocytes
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Chondrocytes originate from chondroblasts and are found within lacunae in cartilage matrix. Young chondrocytes located beneath the perichondrium are flat and elliptical shaped, while mature chondrocytes deeper in cartilage are spherical. Chondrocytes maintain the cartilage matrix and allow for growth through mitosis, with daughter cells sometimes remaining together in nests due to the rigid nature of the surrounding matrix.
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cartilage
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that provides support and flexibility to parts of the body. It has three main components: cells, fibers, and ground substance. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in areas like costal cartilages and articular cartilage. It has a homogeneous matrix and cells grouped in lacunae. Elastic cartilage contains many elastic fibers and is found in places like the ear. Fibrocartilage lacks a perichondrium and contains thick collagen fibers, and is located in areas such as intervertebral discs.
Cartilage
Cartilage is a connective tissue that provides support and flexibility to various regions of the body. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant and is characterized by chondrocytes embedded in a matrix with collagen fibers and proteoglycans. It is found in locations like the fetal skeleton, nose, and joints. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers that allow for flexibility and is present in the ear and epiglottis. Fibrocartilage consists of thick collagen fibers and is found in joints like the pubic symphysis where it can withstand compressive forces.
Introduction,structure,funtions and nutrition of hyaline cartilage
Hyaline cartilage is a type of cartilage that provides stiff yet flexible support in joints, ribs, trachea, and other body structures. It consists of chondrocytes within a matrix of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. Articular cartilage covering the ends of bones in joints is a key example that absorbs pressure and reduces friction between bones. Its avascular nature means it relies on diffusion from synovial fluid and nearby bone for nutrition.
Basics of the Cartilage Histology
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue with three main types - hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in joints, costal cartilage, and growing bones. It contains chondrocytes embedded in a matrix of collagen fibers, proteoglycans, and ground substance. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers and is found in the ear and larynx. Fibrocartilage is white, opaque, and rich in collagen, located in intervertebral discs and other joints, where it provides strength. All cartilage types contain chondrocytes for growth and matrix production, surrounded by matrix and often a perichondrium layer.
CARTILAGE
Cartilage is a connective tissue composed of cells called chondrocytes embedded in an extracellular matrix. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in joints, respiratory airways, and growing bones. It contains type II collagen and proteoglycans that allow it to bear mechanical stress and provide cushioning. Chondrocytes maintain the extracellular matrix by synthesizing its components. Cartilage grows through both interstitial and appositional growth and has limited ability for repair due to its avascular nature.
fibro cartilage
Cartilage:
Cartilage is a specialized type of dense collective tissue designed to give support , bear weight and withstand tension , torsion , and bending.
General Features :
• Cartilage supports regions of body that requires flexibility.
• Non nervous structure
• Avascular
• Very poor regeneration power
• Usually surrounded by pericondrium (dense irregular connective tissue surrounding cartilage) except fibro cartilage.
Classification:
Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Fibro cartilage
Fibro Cartilage :
White colored, tough cartilage containing dense connective tissue and collagen fibers often known as intervertebral discs is called fibro cartilage.
Structure :
Fibro cartilage consists of chondrocytes dispersed among bundles of type 1 collagen fibers.
Chondrocytes are present in lacunae (cavity).
The arrangement of cells is different from all other type of cartilages.
Chondrocytes are arranged in parallel rows of 2, 4 or 6 cells.
These rows of cells are called isogenous cell groups.
Chemical Compounds Present :
Proteoglycans rich in sulphated glucosaminoglycans especially
Chondroiton sulphate
Dermatan sulphate
Stain :
Due to the abundance of collagen type 1 fibers , the matrix of fibrocartilage stains intensely acidophilic/eosinophilic. (since collagen is basic in nature)
Stained by EOSIN which is pink in color.
Chondrocytes are stained in purple usually by HEMATOXYLIN and looks purple in color due to acidic nature of large centeral nucleus present.
Occurrence in body :
Intervertebral disc
Disc of pubic symphysis
Menisci of knee joint
Sternoclavicular joint
Temporomandibular joint
Ligamentum tere
Labrum glenoidale
Labrum acetabulare
Fibrocartilage is also found at places where tendons and ligaments attach to bones.
Disorders:
Degeneration of fibrocartilage is seen in degenerative disc disease.
A fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE) is an unusual cause of spinal cord and cerebral ischemia (insufficient bloodsupply). Symptoms may include sudden, severe pain in the neck and/or back; progressive weakening reduced sensation and paralysis. It may be caused by the blocking of an artery interrupting vascular supply.
A herniated disk is a disk that ruptures. This allows the jelly-like center of the disk to leak, irritating the nearby nerves. This can cause sciatica or back pain.
References:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/herniateddisk.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3289246
histology by laiq hussaain
CARTILAGE STRUCTURE AND ITS FUNCTION
Cartilage is a connective tissue found in many areas of the body including joints, ribs, spine, ears and nose. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant and found covering bone surfaces in joints. It contains chondrocytes and provides smooth, flexible surfaces for movement. Fibrocartilage is strong and found in intervertebral discs, menisci, and healing fractures. It contains collagen fibers. Elastic cartilage is yellow and found in external ears and epiglottis. It contains an elastic fiber network and maintains the shape of structures.
Histology of Cartilage
Hyaline cartilage is characterized by chondrocytes surrounded by a homogeneous matrix that separates cells widely. Near the surface, cells flatten and merge with connective tissue forming the perichondrium, and it is typically seen in costal and articular cartilage. Elastic cartilage contains chondrocytes surrounded by a matrix with many elastic fibers, has a perichondrium present, and is typically seen in the auricle and epiglottis. Fibrocartilage is characterized by collagen fiber bundles with rows of chondrocytes between, lacks a perichondrium, and is typically seen in the pubic symphysis and manubrio-sternal joint.
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cartilage
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue that provides support and flexibility to parts of the body. It has three main components: cells, fibers, and ground substance. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in areas like costal cartilages and articular cartilage. It has a homogeneous matrix and cells grouped in lacunae. Elastic cartilage contains many elastic fibers and is found in places like the ear. Fibrocartilage lacks a perichondrium and contains thick collagen fibers, and is located in areas such as intervertebral discs.
Cartilage
Cartilage is a connective tissue that provides support and flexibility to various regions of the body. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant and is characterized by chondrocytes embedded in a matrix with collagen fibers and proteoglycans. It is found in locations like the fetal skeleton, nose, and joints. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers that allow for flexibility and is present in the ear and epiglottis. Fibrocartilage consists of thick collagen fibers and is found in joints like the pubic symphysis where it can withstand compressive forces.
Introduction,structure,funtions and nutrition of hyaline cartilage
Hyaline cartilage is a type of cartilage that provides stiff yet flexible support in joints, ribs, trachea, and other body structures. It consists of chondrocytes within a matrix of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. Articular cartilage covering the ends of bones in joints is a key example that absorbs pressure and reduces friction between bones. Its avascular nature means it relies on diffusion from synovial fluid and nearby bone for nutrition.
Basics of the Cartilage Histology
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue with three main types - hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in joints, costal cartilage, and growing bones. It contains chondrocytes embedded in a matrix of collagen fibers, proteoglycans, and ground substance. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers and is found in the ear and larynx. Fibrocartilage is white, opaque, and rich in collagen, located in intervertebral discs and other joints, where it provides strength. All cartilage types contain chondrocytes for growth and matrix production, surrounded by matrix and often a perichondrium layer.
CARTILAGE
Cartilage is a connective tissue composed of cells called chondrocytes embedded in an extracellular matrix. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in joints, respiratory airways, and growing bones. It contains type II collagen and proteoglycans that allow it to bear mechanical stress and provide cushioning. Chondrocytes maintain the extracellular matrix by synthesizing its components. Cartilage grows through both interstitial and appositional growth and has limited ability for repair due to its avascular nature.
fibro cartilage
Cartilage:
Cartilage is a specialized type of dense collective tissue designed to give support , bear weight and withstand tension , torsion , and bending.
General Features :
• Cartilage supports regions of body that requires flexibility.
• Non nervous structure
• Avascular
• Very poor regeneration power
• Usually surrounded by pericondrium (dense irregular connective tissue surrounding cartilage) except fibro cartilage.
Classification:
Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Fibro cartilage
Fibro Cartilage :
White colored, tough cartilage containing dense connective tissue and collagen fibers often known as intervertebral discs is called fibro cartilage.
Structure :
Fibro cartilage consists of chondrocytes dispersed among bundles of type 1 collagen fibers.
Chondrocytes are present in lacunae (cavity).
The arrangement of cells is different from all other type of cartilages.
Chondrocytes are arranged in parallel rows of 2, 4 or 6 cells.
These rows of cells are called isogenous cell groups.
Chemical Compounds Present :
Proteoglycans rich in sulphated glucosaminoglycans especially
Chondroiton sulphate
Dermatan sulphate
Stain :
Due to the abundance of collagen type 1 fibers , the matrix of fibrocartilage stains intensely acidophilic/eosinophilic. (since collagen is basic in nature)
Stained by EOSIN which is pink in color.
Chondrocytes are stained in purple usually by HEMATOXYLIN and looks purple in color due to acidic nature of large centeral nucleus present.
Occurrence in body :
Intervertebral disc
Disc of pubic symphysis
Menisci of knee joint
Sternoclavicular joint
Temporomandibular joint
Ligamentum tere
Labrum glenoidale
Labrum acetabulare
Fibrocartilage is also found at places where tendons and ligaments attach to bones.
Disorders:
Degeneration of fibrocartilage is seen in degenerative disc disease.
A fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE) is an unusual cause of spinal cord and cerebral ischemia (insufficient bloodsupply). Symptoms may include sudden, severe pain in the neck and/or back; progressive weakening reduced sensation and paralysis. It may be caused by the blocking of an artery interrupting vascular supply.
A herniated disk is a disk that ruptures. This allows the jelly-like center of the disk to leak, irritating the nearby nerves. This can cause sciatica or back pain.
References:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/herniateddisk.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3289246
histology by laiq hussaain
CARTILAGE STRUCTURE AND ITS FUNCTION
Cartilage is a connective tissue found in many areas of the body including joints, ribs, spine, ears and nose. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant and found covering bone surfaces in joints. It contains chondrocytes and provides smooth, flexible surfaces for movement. Fibrocartilage is strong and found in intervertebral discs, menisci, and healing fractures. It contains collagen fibers. Elastic cartilage is yellow and found in external ears and epiglottis. It contains an elastic fiber network and maintains the shape of structures.
Histology of Cartilage
Hyaline cartilage is characterized by chondrocytes surrounded by a homogeneous matrix that separates cells widely. Near the surface, cells flatten and merge with connective tissue forming the perichondrium, and it is typically seen in costal and articular cartilage. Elastic cartilage contains chondrocytes surrounded by a matrix with many elastic fibers, has a perichondrium present, and is typically seen in the auricle and epiglottis. Fibrocartilage is characterized by collagen fiber bundles with rows of chondrocytes between, lacks a perichondrium, and is typically seen in the pubic symphysis and manubrio-sternal joint.
Cartilage
Cartilage is a connective tissue composed of chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix. There are three main types: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Cartilage is avascular, non-nervous, and the chondrocytes die when the matrix calcifies. Most cartilage is surrounded by a perichondrium membrane containing chondrogenic cells. Hyaline cartilage is found in locations like the trachea, nose, and larynx where it provides structural support and a low friction surface. Elastic cartilage is more flexible and found in the ear and epiglottis. Fibrocartilage is located at joints and facilitates movement while resisting stress.
Cartilage
Cartilage is a specialized connective tissue composed of chondrocytes embedded in an extracellular matrix. It is avascular and provides structure, support, and acts as a shock absorber. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline cartilage found in joints, elastic cartilage in the ear, and fibrocartilage in intervertebral discs. Hyaline cartilage contains collagen type II and glycosaminoglycans that allow it to withstand compression. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers that give it flexibility. Fibrocartilage contains collagen types I and II and connects bones together.
Cartilage (1)
Cartilage is an avascular connective tissue that provides support and cushioning. It is composed of chondrocytes embedded in an extracellular matrix. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in joints and provides flexibility. Fibrocartilage is found where strength and flexibility are required, such as in intervertebral discs. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers and is found in external ear and larynx. Cartilage receives nutrients through diffusion and surrounding blood vessels. It functions as a shock absorber and provides friction-free movement in joints.
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Histology of muscle, cartilage and bone
This document discusses the histology of muscle, cartilage, and bone tissues. It begins by outlining the learning objectives, which are to differentiate between the three muscle tissues, identify bone and cartilage cells, and compare features of elastic, hyaline, and fibrocartilage. The characteristics of muscle tissue and the three types - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth - are then described. Finally, the document examines bone histology in more detail, describing cells like osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts and their roles in bone formation and resorption. Diagrams are included to illustrate osteons and other bone structures.
Histology of epithelium and connective tissues
This document summarizes the four basic tissues of the body - epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues. It describes the characteristic features and functions of each tissue type. Epithelial tissues cover and line body surfaces, and include simple and stratified types. Connective tissues connect and support other tissues, containing cells, fibers and ground substance. The document also discusses the different types of cartilage and bone tissues.
Cartilage,bone,ct
The document discusses the skeletal system and connective tissues. It covers the definitions of osteology and arthrology, the study of bones and joints. The skeletal system is composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments and other connective tissues. Cartilage is weaker but more flexible than bone. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. Bones provide structure, protection, movement, mineral storage and blood cell formation. The two types of ossification that form bones are intramembranous and endochondral ossification.
Bone Histology
Bone tissue is a type of specialized connective tissue composed of cells and an extracellular matrix. The matrix is made up of collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite crystals that give bone its rigidity. There are three main cell types involved in bone tissue: osteoblasts which form new bone, osteocytes embedded in the matrix, and osteoclasts which resorb bone. Bone has two types of internal structures - compact bone which is dense and cancellous bone which is spongy. Bone tissue is continuously remodeled through the actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts throughout life.
Cartilage grafts
Cartilage grafts can be classified into three main types - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage - based on their composition and structure. Hyaline cartilage is the most common type found in locations like joints. Fibrocartilage contains thick collagen fibers that provide strength and support to areas under stress, like joints. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers that provide flexibility and is found in structures like the ear. Common sources of cartilage grafts include the ear (auricular), nose (septal), and ribs. Proper graft technique and limiting tension are important for graft integration and nerve regeneration.
Epithelium
This document provides information about epithelium:
- Epithelium is a primary tissue that covers body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands. It develops from all three germ layers and has chief characters of being predominantly cellular, having adhesion, and a basement membrane.
- Epithelium is classified as unilaminar (simple) or multilaminar (stratified). It performs important functions like secretion, absorption, transportation, protection, sensation, and lubrication. Examples of different epithelial tissues are provided.
Connective tissues
Connective tissues bind structures together, provide support and transport throughout the body. They contain few cells but an abundant matrix filled with fibers produced by cells, including collagen and elastic fibers. The main types of connective tissue are loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, dense fibrous tissue, elastic tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood. Cartilage contains chondrin and is found in places like ends of long bones, while bone is the most rigid and provides the framework of the body.
cartilage structure and function
Cartilage is a firm but flexible connective tissue found in many areas of the body, including joints, ribs, spine, ears and nose. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic. Hyaline cartilage is the most common and is found at bone joints and in embryonic skeletons. It provides smooth surfaces and flexibility. Fibrocartilage is strong and found in joints like the meniscus. Elastic cartilage is yellow and found in ears and the epiglottis, providing shape and support to these structures.
Cartilage Histology
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic connective tissue, a rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components.
Histology
Junqueira’s Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 15th Ed
Epithelium, cells,tissues & histology
This document discusses the four major types of adult tissues - epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue. It provides details on the classification, structure and functions of each type of tissue. The key points are:
1) Tissues are classified based on structure, composition and function. The four major types are epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue.
2) Epithelial tissues cover surfaces, line organs and form glands. They protect, absorb, secrete and transport. Connective tissues connect, support and protect other tissues. Muscle tissues contract to cause movement and pumping blood. Nervous tissues transmit electrical signals.
3) Each tissue contains different cell types and extracellular matrix to suit their functions.
Connective tissues
Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue in the body and holds organs together. It has more extracellular matrix than cells and is derived from mesoderm. Connective tissue functions include enclosing and separating organs, connecting tissues, supporting and moving structures, and storing substances. It is composed of cells, protein fibers, and ground substance. There are several types of connective tissue including loose connective tissue which surrounds organs and binds skin, dense regular connective tissue which forms strong structures like tendons, and supporting tissues like cartilage and bone.
A brief overview of histology.
The document summarizes the four primary tissue types in the human body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. It provides detailed descriptions of each tissue type including their functions, examples of where they are found in the body, characteristic features of different tissue variants, and micrographs showing cell and tissue structure.
Chapter 5 Histology
This document provides an overview of histology, the study of tissues. It discusses the four primary tissue types - epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissue. For each tissue type, it describes the general characteristics and specific tissue variations. It provides examples of tissue structures and functions. Key topics covered include epithelial tissue classification, connective tissue components, cartilage, bone, blood, and the characteristics of nervous and muscular tissue.
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Connective tissues are the most abundant and diverse tissues in the body. They have three basic components: specialized cells, fibers made of proteins, and a ground substance. Connective tissues perform many important functions, including mechanical support, metabolic exchange, energy storage, thermal regulation, and defense. There are several major types of connective tissues classified based on their matrix, including connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues. The main cells in connective tissues are fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, mast cells, and stem cells.
Epithelial Tissue PPT
Epithelial tissue forms sheets that cover surfaces and line cavities throughout the body. It has several key characteristics: it is made of tightly packed cells, lacks blood vessels, supports nerve fibers, and regenerates quickly. Epithelial tissue serves many functions, including protection, sensation, secretion, excretion, diffusion, absorption, contractility, and transportation. Cells are held together by tight junctions, adhering junctions, gap junctions, and anchoring junctions. Epithelial tissue is classified based on cell layers and shape, and can contain exocrine or endocrine glands.
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This document provides an overview of the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. It describes the general characteristics and functions of each tissue type. It also provides classifications and examples of different tissue variants within each type, such as simple versus stratified epithelium, loose versus dense connective tissue, and skeletal versus smooth muscle tissue.
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Cartilage
Cartilage is a connective tissue composed of chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix. There are three main types: hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, and fibrocartilage. Cartilage is avascular, non-nervous, and the chondrocytes die when the matrix calcifies. Most cartilage is surrounded by a perichondrium membrane containing chondrogenic cells. Hyaline cartilage is found in locations like the trachea, nose, and larynx where it provides structural support and a low friction surface. Elastic cartilage is more flexible and found in the ear and epiglottis. Fibrocartilage is located at joints and facilitates movement while resisting stress.
Cartilage
Cartilage is a specialized connective tissue composed of chondrocytes embedded in an extracellular matrix. It is avascular and provides structure, support, and acts as a shock absorber. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline cartilage found in joints, elastic cartilage in the ear, and fibrocartilage in intervertebral discs. Hyaline cartilage contains collagen type II and glycosaminoglycans that allow it to withstand compression. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers that give it flexibility. Fibrocartilage contains collagen types I and II and connects bones together.
Cartilage (1)
Cartilage is an avascular connective tissue that provides support and cushioning. It is composed of chondrocytes embedded in an extracellular matrix. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in joints and provides flexibility. Fibrocartilage is found where strength and flexibility are required, such as in intervertebral discs. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers and is found in external ear and larynx. Cartilage receives nutrients through diffusion and surrounding blood vessels. It functions as a shock absorber and provides friction-free movement in joints.
Histology: Tissues
This document provides an overview of the four basic tissue types - epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue. It discusses the characteristics, functions and examples of each tissue type. In particular, it examines the different cell layers, shapes and surfaces of epithelial tissue, the various cell types and extracellular matrix components of connective tissue, and the three main categories of muscle tissue - skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle.
Histology of muscle, cartilage and bone
This document discusses the histology of muscle, cartilage, and bone tissues. It begins by outlining the learning objectives, which are to differentiate between the three muscle tissues, identify bone and cartilage cells, and compare features of elastic, hyaline, and fibrocartilage. The characteristics of muscle tissue and the three types - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth - are then described. Finally, the document examines bone histology in more detail, describing cells like osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts and their roles in bone formation and resorption. Diagrams are included to illustrate osteons and other bone structures.
Histology of epithelium and connective tissues
This document summarizes the four basic tissues of the body - epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues. It describes the characteristic features and functions of each tissue type. Epithelial tissues cover and line body surfaces, and include simple and stratified types. Connective tissues connect and support other tissues, containing cells, fibers and ground substance. The document also discusses the different types of cartilage and bone tissues.
Cartilage,bone,ct
The document discusses the skeletal system and connective tissues. It covers the definitions of osteology and arthrology, the study of bones and joints. The skeletal system is composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments and other connective tissues. Cartilage is weaker but more flexible than bone. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage. Bones provide structure, protection, movement, mineral storage and blood cell formation. The two types of ossification that form bones are intramembranous and endochondral ossification.
Bone Histology
Bone tissue is a type of specialized connective tissue composed of cells and an extracellular matrix. The matrix is made up of collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite crystals that give bone its rigidity. There are three main cell types involved in bone tissue: osteoblasts which form new bone, osteocytes embedded in the matrix, and osteoclasts which resorb bone. Bone has two types of internal structures - compact bone which is dense and cancellous bone which is spongy. Bone tissue is continuously remodeled through the actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts throughout life.
Cartilage grafts
Cartilage grafts can be classified into three main types - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic cartilage - based on their composition and structure. Hyaline cartilage is the most common type found in locations like joints. Fibrocartilage contains thick collagen fibers that provide strength and support to areas under stress, like joints. Elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers that provide flexibility and is found in structures like the ear. Common sources of cartilage grafts include the ear (auricular), nose (septal), and ribs. Proper graft technique and limiting tension are important for graft integration and nerve regeneration.
Epithelium
This document provides information about epithelium:
- Epithelium is a primary tissue that covers body surfaces, lines cavities, and forms glands. It develops from all three germ layers and has chief characters of being predominantly cellular, having adhesion, and a basement membrane.
- Epithelium is classified as unilaminar (simple) or multilaminar (stratified). It performs important functions like secretion, absorption, transportation, protection, sensation, and lubrication. Examples of different epithelial tissues are provided.
Connective tissues
Connective tissues bind structures together, provide support and transport throughout the body. They contain few cells but an abundant matrix filled with fibers produced by cells, including collagen and elastic fibers. The main types of connective tissue are loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, dense fibrous tissue, elastic tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood. Cartilage contains chondrin and is found in places like ends of long bones, while bone is the most rigid and provides the framework of the body.
cartilage structure and function
Cartilage is a firm but flexible connective tissue found in many areas of the body, including joints, ribs, spine, ears and nose. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic. Hyaline cartilage is the most common and is found at bone joints and in embryonic skeletons. It provides smooth surfaces and flexibility. Fibrocartilage is strong and found in joints like the meniscus. Elastic cartilage is yellow and found in ears and the epiglottis, providing shape and support to these structures.
Cartilage Histology
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic connective tissue, a rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components.
Histology
Junqueira’s Basic Histology Text and Atlas, 15th Ed
Epithelium, cells,tissues & histology
This document discusses the four major types of adult tissues - epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue. It provides details on the classification, structure and functions of each type of tissue. The key points are:
1) Tissues are classified based on structure, composition and function. The four major types are epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue.
2) Epithelial tissues cover surfaces, line organs and form glands. They protect, absorb, secrete and transport. Connective tissues connect, support and protect other tissues. Muscle tissues contract to cause movement and pumping blood. Nervous tissues transmit electrical signals.
3) Each tissue contains different cell types and extracellular matrix to suit their functions.
Connective tissues
Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue in the body and holds organs together. It has more extracellular matrix than cells and is derived from mesoderm. Connective tissue functions include enclosing and separating organs, connecting tissues, supporting and moving structures, and storing substances. It is composed of cells, protein fibers, and ground substance. There are several types of connective tissue including loose connective tissue which surrounds organs and binds skin, dense regular connective tissue which forms strong structures like tendons, and supporting tissues like cartilage and bone.
A brief overview of histology.
The document summarizes the four primary tissue types in the human body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. It provides detailed descriptions of each tissue type including their functions, examples of where they are found in the body, characteristic features of different tissue variants, and micrographs showing cell and tissue structure.
Chapter 5 Histology
This document provides an overview of histology, the study of tissues. It discusses the four primary tissue types - epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissue. For each tissue type, it describes the general characteristics and specific tissue variations. It provides examples of tissue structures and functions. Key topics covered include epithelial tissue classification, connective tissue components, cartilage, bone, blood, and the characteristics of nervous and muscular tissue.
Connective Tissue PPT
Connective tissues are the most abundant and diverse tissues in the body. They have three basic components: specialized cells, fibers made of proteins, and a ground substance. Connective tissues perform many important functions, including mechanical support, metabolic exchange, energy storage, thermal regulation, and defense. There are several major types of connective tissues classified based on their matrix, including connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues. The main cells in connective tissues are fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, mast cells, and stem cells.
Epithelial Tissue PPT
Epithelial tissue forms sheets that cover surfaces and line cavities throughout the body. It has several key characteristics: it is made of tightly packed cells, lacks blood vessels, supports nerve fibers, and regenerates quickly. Epithelial tissue serves many functions, including protection, sensation, secretion, excretion, diffusion, absorption, contractility, and transportation. Cells are held together by tight junctions, adhering junctions, gap junctions, and anchoring junctions. Epithelial tissue is classified based on cell layers and shape, and can contain exocrine or endocrine glands.
Chapter 5: Tissues
This document provides an overview of the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. It describes the general characteristics and functions of each tissue type. It also provides classifications and examples of different tissue variants within each type, such as simple versus stratified epithelium, loose versus dense connective tissue, and skeletal versus smooth muscle tissue.
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THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan,kP,Pakistan
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skillsSharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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Nucleophilic Addition of carbonyl compounds.pptx
Nucleophilic addition is the most important reaction of carbonyls. Not just aldehydes and ketones, but also carboxylic acid derivatives in general.
Carbonyls undergo addition reactions with a large range of nucleophiles.
Comparing the relative basicity of the nucleophile and the product is extremely helpful in determining how reversible the addition reaction is. Reactions with Grignards and hydrides are irreversible. Reactions with weak bases like halides and carboxylates generally don’t happen.
Electronic effects (inductive effects, electron donation) have a large impact on reactivity.
Large groups adjacent to the carbonyl will slow the rate of reaction.
Neutral nucleophiles can also add to carbonyls, although their additions are generally slower and more reversible. Acid catalysis is sometimes employed to increase the rate of addition.
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
Plasma expansion in the dipole magnetic field.
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptx
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Recently uploaded (20)
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
chondrocytes
- 2. • ORIGIN:From chondroblasts • SITES AND SHAPES: -Situated inside lacunae in the matrix. -young chondrocytes:found beneath perichondrium.It is flat elliptical in shape(long axis parallel to perichondrium) -mature chondrocytes:deeply situated,spherical in shape. -cell nest(lacunae):mitotic division of chondrocytes take place here.Because of rigid nature of the matrix,the daughter cells tend remain together in the same lacuna;thus forming the cell nests. • FUNCTIONS: -Maintaining the cartilage matrix. -Undergo mitosis “interstitial growth”,thus the cartilage expands from within.