This document provides information about two exams - Paper 1 and Paper 2. Both exams will be online, 150 minutes long, with 150 marks and no negative marking. Paper 1 will assess Child Development and Pedagogy, Language I, Language II and Mathematics/Environmental Studies. Paper 2 will assess the same subjects as Paper 1 plus Social Science. The Child Development section of Paper 1 will assess concepts related to development, learning, socialization processes, theories of Piaget, Kohlberg and Vygotsky, intelligence and more.

1. Prof. Ganesh Wagh

2. Particulars Paper 1 Paper 2
Exam Mode Online Online
Duration 150 Minutes 150 Minutes
Section
Child Development
and Pedagogy -30
Marks Language I -30
Marks Language II -30
Marks Mathematics,
Environmental
Studies)- 60 Marks
Child Development and
Pedagogy -30 Marks
Language I -30 Marks
Language II -30 Marks
Maths & Science- 60
Marks, Social Science-
60 Marks
No. of Question 150 150
Marks 150 150
Negative Marking No No
Medium of exam Hindi/English Hindi/English

3. Child Development
•15 Marks
Inclusive Education and
understanding children
with special needs
•5 Marks
Learning & Pedagogy
•10 Marks

4.  Concept of development and its relationship with learning
 Principles of the development of children
 Influence of Heredity& Environment
 Socialization processes : Social world & children (Teacher, Parents, Peers)
 Piaget, Kohlberg and Vygotsky : constructs and critical perspectives
 Concepts of child-centered and progressive education
 Critical perspective of the construct of Intelligence
 Multi-Dimensional Intelligence
 Language &Thought
 Gender as a social construct ; gender roles, gender-bias and educational
practice
 Individual differences among learners, understanding differences based on
diversity of language, caste, gender, community, religion etc.
 Distinction between Assessment for learning and assessment of learning;
School-Based Assessment, Continuous& Comprehensive Evaluation:
perspective and practice
 Formulating appropriate questions for assessing readiness levels of learners;
for enhancing learning and critical thinking in the classroom and for assessing
learner achievement.

5. Jan.2021 Paper-I
1. After getting hurt during a play activity,
Rohan started crying. Seeing this, his father
responded, “Don’t behave like girls, boys
don’t cry”. This statement by the father
1. reflects gender stereotype.
2. challenges gender stereotype.
3. reduces gender bias.
4. promotes gender equality.
Correct Option-1

6. 2. In a progressive classroom
1. a teacher should follow fixed curriculum.
2. the emphasis should be on competition
among students.
3. ample opportunities should be provided for
construction of knowledge.
4. students should be labelled on the basis of
their academic scores.
Correct Option-3

7. 3. After observing that students are struggling
to proceed further on an ongoing activity, a
teacher decides to provide cues and hints in
form of what, why, how. According to Lev
Vygotsky’s theory, this strategy of teacher
will
1. demotivate the children to learn.
2. act as a scaffold for learning.
3. cause withdrawal tendency among students.
4. be meaningless in process of learning.
Correct Option-2

8. 4. Which of the following is correct in the
context of socialization of children ?
1. School is a secondary socialization agent
and family is a primary socialization agent.
2. School is a primary socialization agent and
peers are secondary socialization agents.
3. Peers are primary socialization agents and
family is a secondary socialization agent.
4. Family and mass-media both are secondary
socialization agents.
Correct Option-1

9. 5. Theory of multiple intelligence emphasizes
that
1. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) can be measured
only by objective tests.
2. Intelligence in one domain ensures
intelligence in all other domains.
3. There are several forms of intelligences.
4. There are no individual differences in
intelligence.
Correct Option-3

10. 6. According to Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory,
“Performing an act and doing something
because others approves it”, represents
_________ stage of morality.
1. Pre-conventional
2. Conventional
3. Post-conventional
4. Formal conventional
Correct Option-2

11. 7. Lev Vygotsky’s social-cultural perspective of
learning emphasizes importance of _________
in the learning process.
1. Cultural tools
2. Attribution
3. Motivation
4. Equilibration
Correct Option-1

12. 8. In his theory of cognitive development, Jean
Piaget explains cognitive structures in terms
of _________.
1. Psychological tools
2. Stimulus-response association
3. Zone of proximal development
4. Schemas
Correct Option- 4

13. 9. Pre-operational stage in Jean Piaget’s theory
of cognitive development characterizes
_________.
1. Development of abstract thinking
2. Centration in thought
3. Hypothetico deductive thinking
4. Ability to conserve and seriate objects.
Correct Option 2

14. 10. Which of the following statement is correct
in context of development ?
1. Development has the same rate of growth
across cultures for everyone.
2. Development occurs only through learning
that takes place in school.
3. Development occurs only during the period
of childhood.
4. Development is multidimensional.
Correct Option 4

15. 11. Sequence of development among children
from birth to adolescence is
1. sensory, concrete, abstract.
2. abstract, sensory, concrete.
3. concrete, abstract, sensory.
4. abstract, concrete, sensory.
Correct Option 1

16. 12 Individual differences in a progressive
classroom should be treated as
1. a hindrance to the process of learning.
2. a failure on the part of teacher.
3. criteria for making ability-based groups.
4. important for planning of teaching-learning
process
Correct Option 4

17. 13. Motivation to learn can be sustained by
1. punishing the child.
2. focusing on mastery-oriented goals.
3. giving very easy tasks to children.
4. focusing on rote-memorisation
Correct Option 2

18. 14. Shame _________
1. has no relation to cognition.
2. can have negative impact on cognition.
3. is very effective to motivate the children to
learn.
4. should be generated frequently in teaching-
learning process.
Correct Option 2

19. 15. During a task, Saina is talking to herself
about ways she can proceed on the task.
According to Lev Vygotsky’s ideas on
language and thought; this kind of ‘private
speech’ is a sign of
1. Cognitive immaturity.
2. Self-regulation.
3. Ego-centricism.
4. Psychological disorder.
Correct Option 2

20. 16. Individual differences in development of
children can be attributed to
1. heredity only.
2. environment only.
3. neither heredity nor environment.
4. interplay of heredity and environment.
Correct Option 4

21. Jan-2021 Paper-II
17. During the period of childhood,
development –
1. is slow and cannot be measured.
2. is multi-layered and complex.
3. consists only of quantitative changes.
4. is disorderly and disjointed.
Correct Option 2

22. 17. ‘Zone of proximal development’ is
1. the area between a child’s current level of
independent performance and the level of
performance that the child could achieve with
the help of adults and more skilled peers.
2. a range of tasks that the child should be able to
do as per her age but cannot.
3. the process where two individuals who begin
with different understandings arrive at a shared
understanding.
4. the process in which children learn to perform
tasks as set by the elder members in a society.
Correct Option 1

23. 18. According to Jean Piaget, children in formal
operational stage
1. are capable of hypothetico-deductive
reasoning and propositional thought.
2. are bound by centration and irreversibly of
thought.
3. cannot conserve, classify and seriate.
4. begin to engage in make-believe and
symbolic play.
Correct Option 1

24. 19. At which stage of Lawrence Kohlberg’s
theory of moral development do individuals
believe that actively maintaining the current
social system ensures positive human
relationships and societal order ?
1. The punishment and obedience orientation
2. The social-order maintaining orientation
3. The instrumental purpose orientation
4. The universal ethical principle orientation
Correct Option 2

25. 20. Which of the following is a correctly
matched pair of type of intelligence and end-
state performance possibilities as per Howard
Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences ?
Types of Intelligence End-state performance
possibility
1. Spatial – Therapist
2. Intra-personal – Salesperson
3. Linguistic – Sculptor
4. Bodily-kinesthetic – Athlete
Correct Option 4

26. 21. According to Lev Vygotsky –
1. language plays an important role in
cognitive development of children.
2. children learn language through a ‘language
acquisition device’.
3. children’s cognitive development occurs in
stages.
4. maturation of schemas leads to cognitive
development in children.
Correct Option 1

27. 22. According to which theorist ‘cultural tools’
play an important role in cognitive
development of children ?
1. Lev Vygotsky
2. Jean Piaget
3. Albert Bandura
4. B.F. Skinner
Correct Option 1

28. 23. Physical and emotional health of children
_________ their learning.
1. does not have any influence on
2. plays an important role in
3. is not related to
4. has an insignificant role in
Correct Option 2

29. 24. Learning is a _________ and _________
process.
1. complex; active
2. simple; linear
3. simple; individual
4. complex; passive
Correct Option 1

30. 25. Which of the following is an example of
effective motivational strategy to encourage
students to learn ?
1. Providing scaffolding especially when
students learn a new skill.
2. Emphasis on completion of work rather than
learning.
3. Giving tasks that are very easy.
4. Creating a lot of opportunities for
competition.
Correct Option 1

31. 26. Which of the following statements about
development is correct ?
(1) There is a lot of cultural diversity in the
development of children.
(2) Children across the world follow the same
sequence and exact time of development.
(3) Development occurs in a neat, orderly set of
stages predetermined by genetic factors.
(4) Development is simple and uni-
dimensional.
Correct Option 1

32. 27. Which of the following is a major hallmark
of the period of middle childhood ?
(1) Emergence of make-believe play.
(2) Development of logical thought that is
concrete in nature.
(3) Rapid development of motor skills and
overall physical growth.
(4) Development of scientific reasoning and
ability to think abstractly.
Correct Option 2

33. 28. School _________ socialization of children.
1. does not play any role in
2. plays very little role in
3. is a primary agency of
4. is a secondary agency of
Correct Option 4

34. 29. Which of the following theorists proposed
that children’s thinking is qualitatively
different from that of adults ?
1. Jean Piaget
2. Lev Vygotsky
3. Howard Gardner
4. Lawrence Kohlberg
Correct Option 1

35. 2019 Paper-I
30. The most critical period of acquisition and
development of language is
1. pre-natal period.
2. early childhood.
3. middle childhood.
4. adolescence.
Correct Option 1

36. 31. Which of the following is a stage of moral
development proposed by Lawrence
Kohlberg?
1. Latency Stage
2. The social contract orientation
3. Concrete operational stage
4. Industry vs. Inferiority stage
Correct Option 3

37. 32. During classroom discussions, a teacher
often pays more attention to boys than girls.
This is an example of
1. Gender bias.
2. Gender identity.
3. Gender relevance.
4. Gender constancy.
Correct Option 1

38. 33. Which of the following theorists while
viewing children as active seekers of
knowledge emphasized the influence of social
and cultural contents on their thinking ?
1. John B. Watson
2. Lev Vygotsky
3. Jean Piaget
4. Lawrence Kohlberg
Correct Option 2

39. 34. Which of the following behaviours
characterize the ‘concrete operational stage’
as proposed by Jean Piaget ?
1. Hypothetico-deduction reasoning;
propositional thought
2. Conservation; class inclusion
3. Deferred imitation; object permanence
4. Make-believe play; irreversibility of thought
Correct Option 4

40. 35. Which of the following is a Piagetian
construct in the context of cognitive
development of children ?
1. Schemas
2. Observational learning
3. Conditioning
4. Reinforcement
Correct Option 2

41. 36. Which of the following statements about
intelligence is correct ?
1. Intelligence is a fixed ability determined at
the time of birth only.
2. Intelligence can be accurately measured and
determined by using standardized tests.
3. Intelligence is a unitary factor and a single
trait.
4. Intelligence is multi-dimensional and a set
of complex abilities.
Correct Option 2

42. 37. Ruhi always thinks of multiple solutions to
a problem many of which are original
solutions. Ruhi is displaying characteristics of
a/an
1. creative thinker.
2. convergent thinker.
3. rigid thinker.
4. egocentric thinker.
Correct Option 4

43. 38. Emotions and cognition are _________ each
other.
1. completely separate from
2. independent of
3. inter-woven with
4. not related to
Correct Option 4

44. 39. How can teachers facilitate understanding
of complex concepts in children ?
1. By delivering a lecture
2. By organizing competitive events
3. By repetitive mechanical drill
4. By providing opportunities for exploration
and discussion
Correct Option 3

45. 40. A primary school teacher can encourage
children to become effective problem solvers
by
1. offering materialistic rewards for every
small tasks.
2. emphasizing only on procedural knowledge.
3. dismissing and penalizing ‘incorrect
answers’.
4. encouraging children to make intuitive
guesses and then brainstorming on the
same.
Correct Option 1