This document summarizes a project on child brides done by four members: Embie Karaali, Kevser Aslan, Merve Arabul, and Ayşe Tuba Mete. It defines key terms like child, child's rights, and child bride. It reviews literature on causes of child marriage like poverty, lack of education, and patriarchal social structures. It analyzes the current situation in Turkey through statistics and examples. Interviews were conducted. Solutions proposed include increasing education, awareness campaigns, and strengthening laws against child marriage.

1. RED RIBBON

2. THE MEMBERS
• EMBİE KARAALİ
• KEVSER ASLAN
• MERVE ARABUL
• AYŞE TUBA METE

3. CONTENT
• DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM
• WHY DID WE CHOOSE THIS PROJECT?
• LITERATURE REVİEW
• ANALYSING OF CURRENT SITUATION
• VIDEO
• FISHBONE
• REASONS OF INCREASING THE CHILD BRIDES
• BRAINSTORMING
• INTERVIEW
• CHILD BRIDE IN MEDIA
• SOLUTION SUGGESTIONS
• GANT CHART
• RECOMMENDATIONS
• REFERENCES

4. DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM
• WHO IS CHILD?
• WHAT ARE THE CHILD’S RIGHTS?
• WHO IS CHILD BRIDE?

5. WHO IS CHILD?
• A child means every human being below the
age of 18 years unless under the law applicable
to the child, majority is attained earlier.

6. KEEP
CALM
AND
RESPECT
CHILDREN RIGHTS

7. WHAT ARE THE CHILD’S RIGHTS?
• Education
• Living, surviving and growth rights
• Freedom of thought and opinion
• Security and safety rights
• Protection of child
• Respect the child

9. WHO IS CHILD BRIDE?
• According to civil law, minimum age of
mariage is 18, 17 with parental consent, 16 in
special circumstances with court approval.

10. • According to Turkish
criminal law,
children mariage
under the 18 age is
seen as crime.

11. Why did we choose this issue ?

12. LITERATURE REVİEW
• Child brides or early marriages are marriages
that exist without any physically, physiologically
and psychologically preparation of the child to
take responsibility of the marriage and having
children(Boran,2013)
• The early marriage of a girl, generally to an
older man, results in ending her childhood,
shortens her education, increases the risk of
domestic violance and early, frequent and riskly
pregnancies(Warner, 2013)

13. • The reason for early marriages of the girls
might be economical problems, worry about
protecting the honour of the family by reducing
the possibility of sexual relationship before
marriage, being easy to control women married
early and their having much more
children.(Yüksel,2012)
• Child marriages are more widespread among
societies that marriage is common, patriarchal,
and have low socio-economic
status(Yüksel,2012)

14. CHILD MARRIAGES IN THE
WORLD
36% of women between 20-24 ages get married
before 18 whole over the world.
In Sought Asia, 48% of women between 15-24
ages get married before 18, in Africa 42%,in Latin
America and Caribbean 29%.
In Yemen and Palestine, 50% of women are
married under 18.
In India, 40-60% of the girls are child brides.
In Afghanistan, 50% of girls, in Bangladesh 51%
of girls get married before 18.
(Boran,2013)

15. Legal Age of Marriage in the World
Generally, the age of marriage for males is 18,
but for females it differs. The age of marriage for
females is generally under 18. Even if the legal
age is 18, with parental consent, girls might marry
under 18. In Guatemala and Panama, girls can
be married at 14 with parental consent. In Syrie, a
13 year old girl can be married with parental
consent. In Saudi Arabia, there is no legal age of
marriage.

16. • The United Nations Population Found(UNFPA)
says that140 million girls will get married before
they do not come 18.

17. CHILD BRIDES IN TURKEY
(age of first marriage by sex,%)
by Family Structure Survey, 2006
-18 18-24 25-29 30-34 35+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
male
female

18. Distribution of Percentage of Early Marriage:
1993-2008
(by TNSA)
West South Middle North East Turkey
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1993
1998
2003
2008

19. Child marriage is an appalling
violation of human rights and robs
girls of their education,health and
long-term prospects.A girl who is
married as a child is one whose
potential will not be fulfilled.Since
many parent and communities also
want the very best for their
daughters, we must work together
and end child marriage
Dr.Babatunde Osotimein

20. Analysis of Current Situation

21. According to International Strategic Research
Organization (USAK)
-14 million girls under the age of 18 marry each year in
Turkey
That’s around …
1,166,666 a month
269230 a week
38,461 a day
27 every minute
- Child bride rate is %41.9 in Van
- Turkey comes second in countries considered European,
with a 14% child marriage rate after Georgia whose rate
is 17%
- http://www.turkishweekly.net/news/126601/-usak-report-turkey-second-in-europe-in-early-marriage.html

22. What kind of problems they had ?
• Vilonce
• Abuse
• Forced sexuel relations
• Poor sexual and reproductive health
• Illiteracy and lack of education ( Illeteracy
level is 73% )

23. Brainstorming
Reasonf of Child marriage :
A) Lack of Education
B) Law
C) Poverty
D) Sociocultural structure
E) Gender inequality
F) Negative traditional practices

24. Reasons Lack of
Education
Law Poverty Socioculturel
Structure
Gender
inequality
Negative
Traditional
Pratices
MERVE 5 6 4 3 1 2
KEVSER 5 4 2 6 3 1
AYŞE
TUBA
5 4 6 1 2 3
EMBİE 3 5 6 4 1 2
TOPLAM 18 19 18 14 7 8
MATRİX

25. Fishbone
Poverty
Dowry
Berdel
(Exchange
of brides)
Socioculturel
Structure Patriarchal
society
Tore
Law
Legal gaps
Insufficient
punishment
Lack of Education
Lack of parental
education
Lacf of
Education in
the region
Why child bride is so
common in turkey?

26. INTERVIEW

27. So,
What is happening in
Turkey?

28. KADER

29. • According to Turkish Statistical Institute, in
2012 number of child bride was 42.000. 7
May 2013

30. In Izmir, Esmanur Ağıç,16 years
old, was married off with her
cousin. Then she hear that her
lower was knifed, and she
commited a suicide. 24
February 2013

31. • Court of cassation repeal the punishment
for man who get married with a young girl
because the girl was lying about her own
age.16 April 2013

32. Do You Know?
The famous Turkish song ‘Kimseye Etmem
Şikayet’ was written by Ihsan Raif who is
married with force at 13. After marriage, she
wrote it so as to explain herself. Now, Mehmet
Öklü published a book which is about the life
of Ihsan Raif and gave the name of song to
book. 24 June 2013

33. • In Kayseri, 300 women provided job for 18
girls who wants to marry to survive. 22
May 2013

34. ‘We have a lot of rights which we
are not aware.’
(HALİME in Literacy Course)

35. BERİVAN
One of the first woman mayor

36. SURVEY

37. 1. QUESTION
• In your opinion, how old is youngest «child
bride» in Turkey?
25% : 12
21% : 11
• ANSWER: 9

38. 2. QUESTION
• In your opinion, what is the percentage of
«child bride» in population of marriage
women in the world?
22% (people said) : 10%
18,75% (people said) : 20%
1 (person said) : 0,1%
• ANSWER: 36%

39. 3. QUESTION
• In your opinion, what is the percentage of
«child bride» in population of marriage
women in Turkey?
24% (people said) : 30%
15% : 20%
15% : 10%
• ANSWER: 29,2%

40. 4. QUESTION
• Is there any difference among different geographical
regions in Turkey? In which region, its percentage is high?
In which region, it is low?
 61% : East R
 33% : Southern East R HIGH
 6% : West R (villages)
 50% : Mediterranean R
 44,5% : Aegean R LOW
 5,5% : Marmara R
• ANSWER:
• Highest: East R: 42%, second: Central Anatolian R: 37%
• Lowest: Aegean R: 23% , second: Black Sea R: 23%

41. 5. QUESTION
• What is the main reasons of «child bride»?
 Education: 14 people
 Economical problems: 10 people
 Moral laws: 6 people
 Violation of women rights: 3 people
 Family: family pressure: 2 people
crowded family: 2 people
world view of family: 1 person
 Chastity, honor: 1 person
 Inhumanity: 1 person
 The lack of prohibitions and punishment: 1 person
 Being unaware of human rights: 1 person
 Social structure: 1 person
 Misunderstanding of religion: 1 person

42. 6. QUESTION
• Do you think there is any change between today and past
years in CB situation? Or it will change at the future? Can
you associate these with any thing? What are those things?
 80% said: it is decreasing
 15% said: it is stable (not represented).
 5% said: it will increase (due to government policy)
• ANSWER: There is a decrease in CB comparing with past.
 1993: 43%
 1998: 39%
 2003: 34%
 2008: 28%

43. 7. QUESTION• If you have any, what are your solution proposals?
 Education
 Seminars in Family Health Foundatins in each district
 Birth control methods
 Rasing awareness about the education of girls
 Extending social foundations
 Make women to aware of their own rights
 Clarifying and sharpening the laws
 Government’s supervision, control and aid about the education of
girls
 Preventing the moral laws
 Strenghtening the social government approaches
 Family consciousness
 Increasing the social campaings and projects like «Baba Beni Okula
Gönder»

44. How Can We Do?

45. Teachers
Doctors
Lawyers
Police
Parents
Relatives

46. GANTT CHART

47. RECOMMENDATIONS
• United Nations Children’s Rights
(Ankara,1999)
• Flying Broom Foundation
http://www.ucansupurge.org/turkce/index.php
• Films:
 Lal Gece
 Halam Geldi
 Çocuk Gelinler Belgeseli(CNN)

48. REFERENCES
• Boran, P; Gökçay, G; Devecioğlu, E; and Eren, T; 2013. Çocuk
Gelinler, Marmara Medical Journal, Vol:26 pg 58-62
• Family Structure Survey, 2006, TUIK
• İsmetoğlu, M; Memişoğlu, S.P. 2013. Zorunlu Eğitimde 4+4+4
Uygulamasına İlişkin Okul Yöneticilerinin Görüşleri. Eğitim ve
Öğretim Araştırmaları Dergisi. Cilt 2:2:2. pg 14-24.
• Köksal,H. İMECE Halkaları ve Proje Yönetimi Eğitimi.
• Tarımeri,N. 2013. Çocuk gelin Esranur’un Dramı; İmam Nikahı ve
Sorumsuz Sorumluluklar. www.psikososyalhizmet.com.
• Warner, 2013, Ending Child Marriage: What Will I Take?
• Yüksel-Kaptanoğlu,İ; Ergöçmen, B. 2012. Sosyoloji Araştırmaları
Dergisi. Sosyoloji Derneği, Türkiye; 15:2, pg 129-160.

49. • http://www.ucansupurge.org/turkce/index.php
• http://www.radikal.com.tr/yazarlar/muge_akgun/cocuklar_gelin_olmasin-1166258
• http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/cocuk_gelin_olumune_inceleme-1170526
• http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/cocuk_gelini_oyun_oynayacagiz_diyerek_gerdege_soktular-
1174761
• http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/cocuk_gelindi_baskan_oldu-1184109

50. Thank You 