This document summarizes a study examining the associations between education levels and child marriage in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan from 1991 to 2011. Demographic and Health Survey data from those countries were analyzed to assess the effect of highest education level (none, primary, secondary, or higher) on age of marriage for women aged 20-24. The results found that primary education was not protective against child marriage in Bangladesh and Pakistan, but was protective against marriage at age 14 in Nepal. Secondary education was protective against marriage at age 14 in Bangladesh and for younger adolescents in Pakistan. In India, primary and secondary education were protective across all age categories for marriage.
Child marriage is a curse for our society. This presentation will give you an idea of child marriage, scenario of child marriage in Bangladesh and in the world, causes of child marriage and how we can prevent child marriage including some cases.
Child marriage is a curse for our society. This presentation will give you an idea of child marriage, scenario of child marriage in Bangladesh and in the world, causes of child marriage and how we can prevent child marriage including some cases.
Child marriage
A presemtation against Child marriage
By
Sonu
Govt. sr. sec. school(1002),Hodal,PAlWAL
What does child marriage means for GIRLS
Poverty-More likely to be poor and remain poor
Education-Drop out of school
Inequality-Little say when and whom they will marry
Health- 5 times more likely to marry when children
HIV/AIDS-High risk of HIV/AIDS
Violence
What is Child?
What is Child?A person who, if a male, has not completed twenty one years of age and, if a female has not completed eighteen years of age.
What is Child marriage?
According to UNICEF, child marriage is a formal or informal union before the age of 18.
Child Marriages continue to be solemnized in a large number of countries. This practice is a serious threat to child protection with adverse impact on their education, health and empowerment. The presentation discusses different issues connected with the problem.
The present study made an attempt to gain insights on determinants and psychosocial consequences of early marriage on rural women. Samples of 300 women who married early and have completed 5 to 15 years of married life were taken from 20 villages of district Bhilwara, Rajasthan as it has highest instances of child marriages. In depth investigation employed the use of interview, FGDs, observation and case study method. Research was based in district. Baseline Proforma and SES scale (self developed) was used to get the necessary details regarding the socio-economic status and demographic characteristics of respondents and their families. DEM scale (self developed), PSC Scale (self developed) and life satisfaction scale (Alam & Shrivastava, 1973) were used for data collection. Statistical test i.e. ‘z’ test, ANOVA, Regression & Pearson’s ‘r’ were applied to find out the results.
The findings of the study revealed that age at marriage is governed by various components of socio-economic status with traditions & customs, lack of education, childhood residence and castes. Effect of mass media was not found as hypothesized. Media is only meant for entertainment by rural people. The study also highlighted psycho-social consequences (PSC components) of early marriage. It was found that child marriage increases exploitation of girl child and loss of her adolescence along with denial of education & freedom, inadequate socialization & personal development and violence & abandonment. Access to contraception is highly correlated with age at marriage i.e. the lower the age at marriage lower the knowledge and less access of contraception.
The multiple regression analysis in predicting age at marriage and its determinants reveal that the Beta coefficient reflect the socio- economic status of the family and in which a girl belongs has more considerable contribution in terms of early marriage while traditions and customs follow the socio-cultural perseverance in predicting age at marriage. It is also depicted from the regression analysis that the ill consequences of early marriage in earlier ages have more awful effects on girl child. On the whole, it was found that early marriage itself means exploitation of girl child and loss of adolescence. This factor is highly significant in all studied age groups. They are treated as homely bird which means confined to four walls of house. Overall dissatisfaction level is high with the respondents who get married at the early age. There are significant correlation found between determinants and psycho-social consequences of early marriage and inter-correlation among LS and SES components.
"Child Marriage is a serious mistake. Don't make your child shed tears for the rest of their lives".
Child Marriage is a curse for our society. This presentation will give you and idea of child marriage.
It is a marriage before the age of 18 for both boys and girls, but girls are the most affected
10 million girls under the age of 18 marry each year; that is around …
833,333 a month
192,307 a week
27,397 a day
19 every minute
Or, around one girl every three seconds.
Marry Me, Later: Ending Child Marriage in IndiaDasra
India accounts for the highest share of the world's 60 million child marriages. 61% of women in India aged 25-49 are married before the age of 18!
Child marriage is a human rights violation with multiple consequences, such as the end of her education, health risks to her and her children, limited chances of financial independence and ultimately a cycle of poverty and disempowerment.
Ending Child Marriage and investing in girls until they are physically and psychologically ready for marriage will mean healthier families, stronger societies and more vibrant economies. The Marry Me, Later report aims to take action and end child marriage in India by highlighting areas of focus and innovative interventions by some of India's top nonprofits that are ready to scale.
Child marriage
A presemtation against Child marriage
By
Sonu
Govt. sr. sec. school(1002),Hodal,PAlWAL
What does child marriage means for GIRLS
Poverty-More likely to be poor and remain poor
Education-Drop out of school
Inequality-Little say when and whom they will marry
Health- 5 times more likely to marry when children
HIV/AIDS-High risk of HIV/AIDS
Violence
What is Child?
What is Child?A person who, if a male, has not completed twenty one years of age and, if a female has not completed eighteen years of age.
What is Child marriage?
According to UNICEF, child marriage is a formal or informal union before the age of 18.
Child Marriages continue to be solemnized in a large number of countries. This practice is a serious threat to child protection with adverse impact on their education, health and empowerment. The presentation discusses different issues connected with the problem.
The present study made an attempt to gain insights on determinants and psychosocial consequences of early marriage on rural women. Samples of 300 women who married early and have completed 5 to 15 years of married life were taken from 20 villages of district Bhilwara, Rajasthan as it has highest instances of child marriages. In depth investigation employed the use of interview, FGDs, observation and case study method. Research was based in district. Baseline Proforma and SES scale (self developed) was used to get the necessary details regarding the socio-economic status and demographic characteristics of respondents and their families. DEM scale (self developed), PSC Scale (self developed) and life satisfaction scale (Alam & Shrivastava, 1973) were used for data collection. Statistical test i.e. ‘z’ test, ANOVA, Regression & Pearson’s ‘r’ were applied to find out the results.
The findings of the study revealed that age at marriage is governed by various components of socio-economic status with traditions & customs, lack of education, childhood residence and castes. Effect of mass media was not found as hypothesized. Media is only meant for entertainment by rural people. The study also highlighted psycho-social consequences (PSC components) of early marriage. It was found that child marriage increases exploitation of girl child and loss of her adolescence along with denial of education & freedom, inadequate socialization & personal development and violence & abandonment. Access to contraception is highly correlated with age at marriage i.e. the lower the age at marriage lower the knowledge and less access of contraception.
The multiple regression analysis in predicting age at marriage and its determinants reveal that the Beta coefficient reflect the socio- economic status of the family and in which a girl belongs has more considerable contribution in terms of early marriage while traditions and customs follow the socio-cultural perseverance in predicting age at marriage. It is also depicted from the regression analysis that the ill consequences of early marriage in earlier ages have more awful effects on girl child. On the whole, it was found that early marriage itself means exploitation of girl child and loss of adolescence. This factor is highly significant in all studied age groups. They are treated as homely bird which means confined to four walls of house. Overall dissatisfaction level is high with the respondents who get married at the early age. There are significant correlation found between determinants and psycho-social consequences of early marriage and inter-correlation among LS and SES components.
"Child Marriage is a serious mistake. Don't make your child shed tears for the rest of their lives".
Child Marriage is a curse for our society. This presentation will give you and idea of child marriage.
It is a marriage before the age of 18 for both boys and girls, but girls are the most affected
10 million girls under the age of 18 marry each year; that is around …
833,333 a month
192,307 a week
27,397 a day
19 every minute
Or, around one girl every three seconds.
Marry Me, Later: Ending Child Marriage in IndiaDasra
India accounts for the highest share of the world's 60 million child marriages. 61% of women in India aged 25-49 are married before the age of 18!
Child marriage is a human rights violation with multiple consequences, such as the end of her education, health risks to her and her children, limited chances of financial independence and ultimately a cycle of poverty and disempowerment.
Ending Child Marriage and investing in girls until they are physically and psychologically ready for marriage will mean healthier families, stronger societies and more vibrant economies. The Marry Me, Later report aims to take action and end child marriage in India by highlighting areas of focus and innovative interventions by some of India's top nonprofits that are ready to scale.
The rate of child marriage worldwide reaches 21%. Indonesia was the 37th country with the second-highest percentage of child marriages in ASEAN. Adolescent knowledge and attitudes affect behavior in child marriages. Therefore, educational media is needed to increase knowledge and form positive attitudes in adolescents related to the maturation of age marriage. This study was to determine the effect of video on the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents about the maturation of age marriage. This research used a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design carried out in April-October 2022. The experimental group was given treatment through an educational video and the control group using a pocketbook. High school student was the population. Sampling technique was employed, involving 120 respondents for both groups. The research instrument used was a questionnaire which has been tested. Data analysis using statistical test software. In the video group, the mean difference test results for the level of knowledge were p=0.000 and attitude was p=0.006. In the pocketbook group, the level of knowledge was p=0.003 and attitude was p=0.314. Educational video is an effective method to improve adolescents’ knowledge and attitude about the maturation of age marriage. It can be used to prevent child marriage among adolescents.
Adolescence is the most vulnerable period to reproductive health problems.
These problems include early pregnancy, unsafe abortion, sexually
infections transmitted (STIs) including the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV), sexual abuse. Access for sexuality education and reproductive health
services to comprehensive and youth-friendly was limited. This study aims
to determine the effectiveness of peer educators and guidance and
counselling teachers in adolescent reproductive health level of knowledge.
This is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control
group design with treatment groups using peer educators and teacher as
control groups. The sample size was 70 respondents. Data was collected by
questionnaire that already had validity and reliability test. Data analysis used
univariate, t-test and logistic regression. The results of this study showed
that the provision of information was more effective through guidance
conselling teachers (p=0.000, exp B=14.5). This study recommends that
improve adolescents’ reproductive knowledge need to optimize the role of
guidance and counseling teachers in providing information.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Sex Educ...ijtsrd
Adolescent age group is a very susceptible group. These children are in phase of transformation from children to adulthood. Most adolescence manages this transformation but many of them are indulged in behaviors like sexual experimentation, exploration and promiscuity, and through which lands in the problem of unmarried motherhood, abortions, STDs HIV infection, sexual abuse. India has the largest population of adolescents in the world about 243 million , among them 69.5 getting married before 20 years of age, about 2.47 cases of HIV infected persons in the country and with sexually transmitted diseases. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on education in selected Nursing College of Dehradun in Uttarakhand.The quantitative evaluative research approach was used. Setting Himalayan College of Nursing, Jolly grant, Dehradun, Sample consecutive sample of 44 General Nursing and Midwifery GNM students. Tool self structure questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding sex education was prepared. Intervention planned teaching programme on sex education.The finding of the study revealed that post test knowledge score is significantly higher than pre test knowledge score. The different between pre test and post test shows difference at the level of p 0.005. There was no significant association between pre test knowledge score and demographic variables. Rajesh Singh | Anjali Gupta | Deepika Badola | Poonam Chauhan | Anupriya Bisht | Upma George "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Sex Education among GNM First Year Students in a Selected College of Nursing in Dehradun Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47494.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/47494/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programme-on-sex-education-among-gnm-first-year-students-in-a-selected-college-of-nursing-in-dehradun-uttarakhand/rajesh-singh
Adolescence: Aspiration, responsibility and life trajectories
Findings from Young Lives
by Marta Favara and Frances Winter
University of Oxford
presnted to Oxford Policy Management (OPM), 11th May, 2017
Shireen Jejeebhoy, AKSHA Center for Equity and Wellbeing - Evidence review on...POSHAN
Presentation made at an IFPRI event on "What Lies Beneath: Women’s and Girls’ Wellbeing as a Critical Underpinning of India’s Nutritional Challenge" on December 10, 2018, in New Delhi
Do dreams come true? Aspirations and educational attainments of Ethiopian boys and girls
Marta Favara
University of Oxford
Presented to the 30th Annual Conference of the European Society of Population Economics, Berlin
June 16, 2016
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is an International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programe on Knowledge R...ijtsrd
Reproductive health plays a key role in a woman’s life. According to United Nations Population Fund, good sexual and reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being in all matters relating to the reproductive system. In pre test majority 63.33 of B. SC 1st year student had average knowledge, whereas in the post test 46.66 of student had good knowledge. The mean percentage of post test knowledge score was higher 19.33 when compared with mean percentage of pre test knowledge score 11.33 Post test mean score 19.33 greater than previous test mean 11.33 difference is 8 hence, the research hypothesis H1 is accepted and it was inferred that the mean difference between pre test and post test knowledge score was statistically significant. The computed ‘t’ value t=29 was higher than the table value t29=2.05 at 0.05 level of significance. Hence the research hypothesis H1 is accepted and it was inferred that the mean difference between pre and post test knowledge score was statistically significant. Chi square test reveal that there is no significant association between pre test knowledge and demographic variables of BSc Nursing 1st year students. Ms. Seema Pal | Ms. Sheetal Verma | Ms. Shivani Singh | Ms. Shilpi Dubey | Ms. Shivangi Patel | Ms. Shivangi Rai | Ms. Shivangi Srivastava | Ms. Shivangini Yadav | Ms. Shraddha Yadav | Ms. Shreya Maurya | Ms. Vimlesh Yadav | Ms. Zainab Ansari | Mrs. Jayana Rupjee "Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programe on Knowledge Regarding Reproductive Health" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52417.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/52417/study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-planned-teaching-programe-on-knowledge-regarding-reproductive-health/ms-seema-pal
Renu Singh's presentation at UNICEF Innocenti's Inception Scoping Workshop for Evidence on Educational Strategies to Address Child Labour in India & Bangladesh, held in New Delhi in November 2019.
How to Obtain Permanent Residency in the NetherlandsBridgeWest.eu
You can rely on our assistance if you are ready to apply for permanent residency. Find out more at: https://immigration-netherlands.com/obtain-a-permanent-residence-permit-in-the-netherlands/.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
ASHWINI KUMAR UPADHYAY v/s Union of India.pptxshweeta209
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PRECEDENT AS A SOURCE OF LAW (SAIF JAVED).pptxOmGod1
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Responsibilities of the office bearers while registering multi-state cooperat...Finlaw Consultancy Pvt Ltd
Introduction-
The process of register multi-state cooperative society in India is governed by the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002. This process requires the office bearers to undertake several crucial responsibilities to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. The key office bearers typically include the President, Secretary, and Treasurer, along with other elected members of the managing committee. Their responsibilities encompass administrative, legal, and financial duties essential for the successful registration and operation of the society.
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
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Military Commissions details LtCol Thomas Jasper as Detailed Defense CounselThomas (Tom) Jasper
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In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
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Introducing New Government Regulation on Toll Road.pdfAHRP Law Firm
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3. Child Marriage
It is a marriage to which
either of the contracting
party is a child. Child or
minor under this law is
defined as 18 years in
the case of girls and 21
years in the case of
boys.
4.
5. Education & Child Marriage
UNICEF estimates that 10 million girls marry before age 18 years
annually, increasing their risk for maternal and child morbidities and
mortality.
UNFPA has been identified education as the single most important
factor associated with girl child marriage globally.
Education may help support girls’ capacity to express her marital
preferences and support parents’ recognition of options for girls
beyond marriage.
6. Cross-sectional time series analyses were conducted on
Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 1991 to 2011 in
the four focal nations-Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Nepal.
Analyses were restricted to ever–married women aged 20–24
years.
Multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess
the effect of highest level of education received (none, primary,
secondary or higher) on age at marriage (14, 14–15, 16–17, 18
and older).
Method
s
7. In this exploratory model, based on observed effects of secondary education,
education was categorized as no education, any primary education, 0–1, 2, 3, 4 or
≥5 completed years of secondary education, and any higher education. All
analyses were adjusted for complex sample design and individual weights.
8. Results:
In Bangladesh and Pakistan, primary education was not protective
against girl child marriage; in Nepal, it was protective against marriage at
14 years, but not for older adolescents.
Secondary education was protective across minor age at marriage
categories in Bangladesh at 14 years and but protective against marriage
of only younger adolescents in Pakistan.
In India, primary and secondary education were respectively protective
across all age at marriage categories.