Chemiluminescence: Chemistry of Luminol

1. Chemiluminescence of
Luminol and its Application
Submitted to: Dr. Nazish Jahan
Submitted by: Humna Mehmood
Registeration # 2021-ag-1656

2. Contents
Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence v/s Photoluminescence
Bioluminescence
Glowsticks
Luminol
Synthesis
Reaction
Applications

3. Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence is defined as light emission as the
result of a chemical reaction.

4. v/s
 The electron is kicked up to a higher energy
level by the addition of a photon.
 External light source required.
photoluminescence
Chemiluminescence
 Electron is in a high-energy state because of
the forming of an unstable intermediate in a
chemical reaction.
 No external light source

5. Luciferin–luciferase system
Firefly
Vibrio
fischeri
Noctiluca
scintillans

6. Glowsticks
Glowsticks are made up of three main chemicals:
• · Hydrogen peroxide
• · Phenyl oxalate ester
• · Fluorescent dye (Fluorophores)

7. Luminol
3-Aminophthalhydrazide
(C8H7N3O2)
White-to-
pale-yellow
crystalline
solid
Insoluble
in water
A blue glow,
when mixed
with
an oxidizing
agent
Soluble in
most
organic
solvents

8. Synthesis
Luminol
3-nitrophthalic acid 3-nitrophthalhydrazide

9. How
Luminol
React?

10. Energy profile

11. Luminol Chemiluminescence
• The lambda max is at approximately 445 nm.

12. Applications
• Luminol Chemiluminescence is a very useful detection method due to its
selectivity, simplicity, low cost, and high sensitivity.
• To detect trace amounts of blood at crime scenes, as
it reacts with the iron in hemoglobin.
Forensic investigation

13. Applications
Chemiluminescence Immunoassays

14. Applications
Immunoassays Gene-based assays
Environmental
monitoring such as
biosensors
Quantification and
detection of molecules
such as proteins,
carbohydrates, DNA,
and RNA
Biological tracers

15. Thank You