Waste Management

1. Characteristics of Bottom Ash Produced
from Fixed Bed and Bubbling Fluidized Bed
Gasification of SRF
Md. Tanvir Alam , Jang-Soo Lee, Won-Seok Yang, Se-Won Park,
Jae-Jun Kang, Yong-Chil Seo
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Republic of Korea
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
The 2015 Korea-China-Japan Joint Symposium on Waste Management Technologies and Energy Conversion
15-17 October 2015, Wonju, Republic of Korea

2. OUTLINE
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
 INTRODUCTION
 OBJECTIVES
 METHODOLOGY
 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
 CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
 The amount of Municipal Solid Waste increases all over the world as a
consequence of growing urbanization and living standard
 Remarkable amount of this waste contains material (such as paper, glass,
metals, wood and plastics) mainly deriving from packaging
MSW Dehydrating SRFShredding

4. INTRODUCTION
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
 Advantage : Syngas is potentially more efficient than direct combustion
of the original fuel
SRF Gasification
Syngas
Bottom
ash
Could be
Hazardous!!
Possibilities of
recycling

5. OBJECTIVES
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
 To find out whether bottom ash is hazardous for environment or not
 To compare the bottom ash characteristics produced from fixed bed
and bubbling fluidized bed gasification
 To find out the recycling possibilities

6. METHODOLOGY
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
Operating Condition
Parameter Unit FB BFB
Feedstock - SRF SRF
Temperature ℃ 900 900
Equivalent
Ratio (ER)
- 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 0.2, 0.4, 0.6
Feeding Rate g/min 1 1
Particle Size cm <1 <1
Gasification
Agent
- O2 O2
7. micro-GC/gas analyzer,
8. dry gas meteri1. Feeder, 2. Wind-box, 3. Reactor, 4. Cyclone, 5. Wet scrubber, 6. Silica
gel, 7. Micro-GC/gas analyzer, 8. Dry gas meter

7. Bottom Ash Sample
Fixed Bed Bubbling Fluidized Bed
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
ER 0.2 ER 0.4
ER 0.6
ER 0.2 ER 0.4
ER 0.6

8. Leaching Test
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
Fig: Shaker
Weight the sample accurately (g)
Add solution of D.W. + HCl (pH range 5.8~6.3)
Weight : Volume ratio = 1 : 10 (total volume above 500ml)
Mixing & Shaking for 6 hours (stroke : 4~5cm, speed:
200rpm, normal temperature & pressure)
Filtering (glass fiber 1.0㎛) or centrifuging (3000rpm,
20min)
Sample ( leachate)

9. Loss on Ignition
Parameter Unit Value
Heating Rate ℃ / min 10
Temperature ℃ 600
Initial Mass g 1
Sample - Bottom ash
Atmosphere - Air
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
Fig: TGA-701, LECO

10. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
 Result of leaching test
Heavy Metal Standard ER 0.2 ER 0.4 ER 0.6
FB BFB FB BFB FB BFB
As < 1.5 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Cd < 0.3 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Cr < 1.5 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Cu < 3 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Hg < 0.005 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Pb < 3 ND ND ND ND ND ND
Unit: mg/L

11. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
 Result of loss on ignition
51.16
54.65 55.61
58.03
54.89 53.65
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.2 0.4 0.6
Lossonignition(%)
ER
Fixed Bed Bubbling Fluidized Bed

12. CONCLUSION
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
 No heavy metal was detected in leaching test
 Loss on ignition of bottom ash was more than 50%, according to Korean
waste management law, loss on ignition of bottom ash from gasification
facilities should be less than 10 % .
Recommendations:
 Suggesting further study in a bigger size lab scale reactor
 X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to find out the elemental composition, so that we
can know about the recycling possibilities

13. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
This work is financially supported by Korean Ministry of Environment
(MOE) as “Waste-to-Energy Technology Development Project” and
『Knowledge-based environmental service(Waste to energy & recycling)
Human resource development Project』

14. THANK YOU!
AIR & WASTE ENGINEERING LABORATORY
감사합니다! ありがとう！
谢谢！ ধন্যবাদ!