Human development is a lifelong process that begins at conception and continues through all life stages, involving growth, decline, and changes across biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions. There are orderly patterns of development from head to toe and proximal to distal regions of the body. While development follows similar patterns, rates and outcomes vary between individuals and are influenced by environmental factors. The traditional view of development sees major changes in childhood with little change in adulthood, while the lifespan approach recognizes development continues throughout life. Development involves achieving goals of growth, maintenance, and regulation that vary across stages from a focus on growth in youth to maintenance in middle/late adulthood.

1. HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT:
MEANING, CONCEPTS
AND APPROACHES

2. -is the pattern of movement or
change that begins at conception
and continues through life span.
-Development includes growth
and decline.
Human Development

3. MAJOR PRINCIPLES
OF HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT

4. Kenn
Naschielle

5. Proximodistal Pattern
Naschielle and Kenn will
learn to sit, crawl then walk
before they can run. The
muscular control of the trunk
Development is relatively orderly

6. Cephalo-caudal Pattern
During infancy, the greatest
growth always occurs at the
top-the head-with physical
and the arms comes earlier
as compared to the hands
and fingers.

7. growth in size, weight and
future differentiation
gradually working its way
down from top to bottom (for
example, neck, shoulders,
middle trunk and so on.)

8. While the pattern of development is
likely to be similar, the outcomes of
developmental processes and the
rate of development are likely to
vary among individuals.

9. Meaning if they come
from a good home with
loving and caring parents
they may develop into warm
and responsible children,
adolescents and adults.

10. If they come from a
deprived environment, they
may develop into carefree
and irresponsible adolescents
and adults.

11. While some changes occur in a
flash of insight, more often it
takes weeks, months, or years
for a person to undergo changes
that result in the display of
developmental characteristics.
Development takes place gradually

12. Biological processes involve
changes in the individual’s
physical nature.
Development as a process is complex
because it is the product of biological,
cognitive and socioemotional
processes

13. They will experience hormonal
changes as they approach late
adulthood.
Cognitive processes involve
changes in the individual’s
thought, intelligence, and
language.

14. Socioemotional processes
include changes in the
individual’s relationships with
other people, changes in
emotions, and changes in
personality.

15. TWO APPROACHES TO
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

16. If you believe that Nikki and Kenn will
show extensive change from birth to
adolescence, little or no change in
adulthood and decline in late old age,
your approach to development is
traditional. In contrast, if you believe that
even in adulthood developmental change
takes place as it does during childhood,
your approach is termed life-span
approach.

17. It emphasizes extensive
change from birth to
adolescence, little or no
change in adulthood, and
decline in late old age.
Traditional Approach

18. Life Span Approach
It emphasizes
developmental change
during adulthood as well
as childhood.

19. Development is Lifelong
It does not end
in adulthood. No
developmental
stage dominates
development.

20. Development
consists of
biological,
cognitive, and
socio-emotional
dimensions.
Development is Multidimensional

21. Development is Plastic
Development
is possible
throughout
the life-span.

22. Individuals are
changing beings
in a changing
world.
Development is Contextual

23. Development involves growth, maintenance
and regulation.
Growth, maintenance and
regulation are 3 goals of human
development. The goals of
individuals vary among
developmental stages. For instance,
as individuals reach middle and late
adulthood,

24. concern with growth gets
into the back stage while
maintenance and
regulation take the center
stage.

25. PRINCIPLES OF CHILD
DEVELOPMENT AND
LEARNING THAT
INFORM PRACTICE

26. 1. All the domains of
development and learning
physical, social and emotional
and cognitive are important
and they are closely
interrelated.

27. 2. Many aspects of children
learning and development
follow well documented
sequence.
3. Development and learning
proceed at varying rates

28. from child to child as well
as at uneven rates across
different areas of child
individual functioning

29. 4. Development and learning
result from a dynamic and
continuous interaction of
biological maturation and
experience.

30. 5. Early experience have
profound effects, both
cumulative and delayed on a
child development and learning
and optimal periods exist for
certain types of development
and learning to occur.

31. 6.Development proceed
towards greater complenity self-
regulation and symbolic on
representational capacities.
7.Children develop best when
they have secure consistent

32. relationship with responsive
adults and opportunities for
positive relationship with
peers.
8. Development and learning
occur in and are influence by

33. multiple social and cultural
context.
9. Always mentally active in
seeking to understand the
world around them.

34. 10. Play is an important vehicle
for self and regulation as well
as for promoting language.
11. Development and learning
advance when children are
challenge to achieve at a

35. level just beyond their
current masterity.
12. Children experience
shape their motivation and
approaches to learning.