Chapter14ccna
•Download as PPT, PDF•
1 like•649 views
This chapter discusses wide area network (WAN) technologies including HDLC, PPP, Frame Relay, and virtual private networks (VPNs). It defines WAN terminology and components. PPP is described as a protocol used to transport layer 3 packets across point-to-point links. Frame Relay is introduced as a high-performance WAN encapsulation method that provides a connection-oriented data link layer. VPNs allow remote access, site-to-site, and extranet connectivity over public networks like the internet.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Chapter 14 Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Chapter14ccna
This document provides an overview of wide area networks (WANs) and common WAN technologies. It defines WAN terminology like customer premises equipment and demarcation. It describes different WAN connection types and protocols like HDLC, PPP, Frame Relay and VPNs. PPP is examined in detail, including its components, establishment process and authentication methods. Frame Relay is also covered in depth, discussing its encapsulation, DLCI addressing, subinterfaces, mapping and monitoring. Troubleshooting tips are provided for common Frame Relay issues. Finally, an introduction to VPN technologies is given for remote access, site-to-site and extranet deployments.
Chapter14ccna
This chapter discusses wide area network (WAN) technologies including HDLC, PPP, Frame Relay, and virtual private networks (VPNs). It defines WAN terminology and components. PPP is described as a protocol used to transport network layer packets over point-to-point links. Frame Relay is introduced as a high-performance WAN protocol that uses virtual circuits to transmit data between network devices. Finally, VPNs are summarized as secured connections used for remote access, site-to-site networking, and business partnerships over public networks like the Internet.
Chapter4ccna
This document provides an overview of Cisco's IOS and the Cisco Switch and Desktop Monitor (SDM). It discusses connecting to Cisco routers, the boot-up process, command-line interface modes, configuration modes, editing features, administrative functions like hostnames, banners, passwords, and interface descriptions. It also covers bringing up and configuring interfaces, viewing and saving configurations, and verification tools.
Mpls L3_vpn
MPLS L3 VPN allows companies to offer Layer 3 VPN services with advantages like scalability, security, and support for duplicate IP addresses and different network topologies. The key components that enable this are VRF tables on PE routers that separate routing information for each customer to avoid duplicate IP issues, and MP-BGP which customizes VPN routing information using a Route Distinguisher, VPN label, and Route Target to support different VPN topologies. MPLS L3 VPN provides services like multi-homed sites for redundancy, hub-and-spoke networks, internet access with security, and extranets for inter-company communication.
Chapter9ccna
This document provides an overview of VLANs (virtual local area networks) including:
- What VLANs are and their benefits such as simplifying network management, providing security, and flexibility.
- How VLANs work by logically grouping network users and resources connected to switch ports.
- Methods for identifying VLANs including frame tagging and trunk links.
- The purpose and benefits of the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) for managing VLAN configurations across switches.
- Examples of configuring VLANs, assigning ports, setting up trunking, and enabling inter-VLAN communication.
CCNA - Switching Concepts made easy
This document provides an overview of switching concepts in computer networking, including:
- How switches operate at the data link layer to segment networks and improve performance through dedicated bandwidth on each port.
- Key switch functions like reading MAC addresses to populate the MAC address table and make forwarding decisions.
- VLANs and how they logically segment networks for improved management and security.
- Spanning Tree Protocol which prevents switching loops by blocking certain ports.
- Port aggregation technologies like EtherChannel that bundle multiple physical ports into a single logical port for redundancy and increased bandwidth.
corporate network
A corporate network is designed to connect the main office in New York with branches in New Delhi, Bangalore, and Jamshedpur. Various protocols are used within and between the offices for effective communication. In New York, two multilayer switches use inter-VLAN routing and PAT to connect local PCs and the main branch. The New Delhi branch uses VLANs and PAT to separate departments between two floors. Bangalore uses VTP between a server and two client switches to define VLANs for departments. Jamshedpur employs HSRP between two switches for high availability and a PAT router to connect to the frame relay.
How to configure vlan, stp, dtp step by step guide
The document provides step-by-step instructions to configure VLANs, VTP, STP, and DTP on Cisco switches and a router. It describes how to configure a VTP server, create VLANs 10 and 20, assign ports and PCs to each VLAN, configure trunk ports between switches, and configure a router interface for each VLAN to allow inter-VLAN communication. The configurations are verified by checking STP port status and pinging between PCs in different VLANs.
Recommended
Chapter14ccna
This document provides an overview of wide area networks (WANs) and common WAN technologies. It defines WAN terminology like customer premises equipment and demarcation. It describes different WAN connection types and protocols like HDLC, PPP, Frame Relay and VPNs. PPP is examined in detail, including its components, establishment process and authentication methods. Frame Relay is also covered in depth, discussing its encapsulation, DLCI addressing, subinterfaces, mapping and monitoring. Troubleshooting tips are provided for common Frame Relay issues. Finally, an introduction to VPN technologies is given for remote access, site-to-site and extranet deployments.
Chapter14ccna
This chapter discusses wide area network (WAN) technologies including HDLC, PPP, Frame Relay, and virtual private networks (VPNs). It defines WAN terminology and components. PPP is described as a protocol used to transport network layer packets over point-to-point links. Frame Relay is introduced as a high-performance WAN protocol that uses virtual circuits to transmit data between network devices. Finally, VPNs are summarized as secured connections used for remote access, site-to-site networking, and business partnerships over public networks like the Internet.
Chapter4ccna
This document provides an overview of Cisco's IOS and the Cisco Switch and Desktop Monitor (SDM). It discusses connecting to Cisco routers, the boot-up process, command-line interface modes, configuration modes, editing features, administrative functions like hostnames, banners, passwords, and interface descriptions. It also covers bringing up and configuring interfaces, viewing and saving configurations, and verification tools.
Mpls L3_vpn
MPLS L3 VPN allows companies to offer Layer 3 VPN services with advantages like scalability, security, and support for duplicate IP addresses and different network topologies. The key components that enable this are VRF tables on PE routers that separate routing information for each customer to avoid duplicate IP issues, and MP-BGP which customizes VPN routing information using a Route Distinguisher, VPN label, and Route Target to support different VPN topologies. MPLS L3 VPN provides services like multi-homed sites for redundancy, hub-and-spoke networks, internet access with security, and extranets for inter-company communication.
Chapter9ccna
This document provides an overview of VLANs (virtual local area networks) including:
- What VLANs are and their benefits such as simplifying network management, providing security, and flexibility.
- How VLANs work by logically grouping network users and resources connected to switch ports.
- Methods for identifying VLANs including frame tagging and trunk links.
- The purpose and benefits of the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) for managing VLAN configurations across switches.
- Examples of configuring VLANs, assigning ports, setting up trunking, and enabling inter-VLAN communication.
CCNA - Switching Concepts made easy
This document provides an overview of switching concepts in computer networking, including:
- How switches operate at the data link layer to segment networks and improve performance through dedicated bandwidth on each port.
- Key switch functions like reading MAC addresses to populate the MAC address table and make forwarding decisions.
- VLANs and how they logically segment networks for improved management and security.
- Spanning Tree Protocol which prevents switching loops by blocking certain ports.
- Port aggregation technologies like EtherChannel that bundle multiple physical ports into a single logical port for redundancy and increased bandwidth.
corporate network
A corporate network is designed to connect the main office in New York with branches in New Delhi, Bangalore, and Jamshedpur. Various protocols are used within and between the offices for effective communication. In New York, two multilayer switches use inter-VLAN routing and PAT to connect local PCs and the main branch. The New Delhi branch uses VLANs and PAT to separate departments between two floors. Bangalore uses VTP between a server and two client switches to define VLANs for departments. Jamshedpur employs HSRP between two switches for high availability and a PAT router to connect to the frame relay.
How to configure vlan, stp, dtp step by step guide
The document provides step-by-step instructions to configure VLANs, VTP, STP, and DTP on Cisco switches and a router. It describes how to configure a VTP server, create VLANs 10 and 20, assign ports and PCs to each VLAN, configure trunk ports between switches, and configure a router interface for each VLAN to allow inter-VLAN communication. The configurations are verified by checking STP port status and pinging between PCs in different VLANs.
Chapter8ccna
This chapter discusses layer-2 switching and the Spanning Tree Protocol. Layer-2 switching provides hardware-based bridging to break up collision domains and learn hosts' locations via MAC tables, but can cause switching loops without STP. STP solves switching loops by selecting a root bridge and designating ports to block or forward traffic, putting ports into blocking, listening, forwarding, or disabled states.
Introduction 140318015826-phpapp01
This document provides a summary of a presentation on CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate). It includes:
1. An introduction to CCNA, which stands for Cisco Certified Network Associate and provides information about networking, its types and applications. Networking is important for communication and resource sharing.
2. Descriptions of different types of networking including LAN, MAN, and WAN. It also lists common networking devices like LAN cards, bridges, hubs, switches, and routers.
3. Overviews of topics covered in CCNA including subnetting, supernetting, Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR), the differences between hubs and switches, what routers are used for,
Packet Tracer: WAN, point to point links.
This document discusses configuring point-to-point WAN links in Packet Tracer using different encapsulation types such as HDLC, PPP, and Frame Relay. It provides configuration examples for HDLC and PPP links which were successfully implemented. Frame Relay configuration posed more challenges to troubleshoot due to static routing requirements and Packet Tracer limitations. The author learned about Frame Relay configuration but was unable to fully implement it in this lab.
Dmvpn with configuration example
DMVPN allows for secure dynamic overlay networks using mGRE tunnels, NHRP for next-hop resolution, and dynamic routing protocols. The document provides a configuration example where a hub router connects to multiple remote routers using DMVPN. IPsec is configured on each remote router to encrypt traffic. EIGRP is configured as the dynamic routing protocol to allow communication between the routers.
Chapter13ccna
This chapter discusses IPv6, the next-generation Internet protocol. IPv6 was created to address the impending exhaustion of IPv4 addresses as the number of internet-connected devices grows rapidly. IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses compared to 32-bit addresses in IPv4. It supports various address types including unicast, multicast, and anycast. IPv6 also introduces mechanisms for address autoconfiguration and tunneling to support transition from IPv4 to IPv6.
CCNA Routing Protocols
The document discusses routing protocols and summarizes:
- It differentiates between nonroutable, routed, and routing protocols and describes common examples like NetBEUI and TCP/IP.
- It explains interior and exterior gateway protocols and the two types of interior gateway protocols: distance-vector and link-state routing protocols.
- It provides details on RIP, a common distance-vector protocol, including how to enable and configure it.
VRF (virtual routing and forwarding)
VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) is a technology that allows multiple instances of a routing table to
co-exist within the same router at the same time. This increases functionality by allowing network paths
to be segmented without using multiple devices. Because traffic is automatically segregated, VRF also
increases network security and can eliminate the need for encryption and authentication. Internet
service providers (ISPs) often take advantage of VRF to create separate virtual private networks (VPNs)
for customers; thus the technology is also referred to as VPN routing and forwarding. Because the
routing instances are independent, the same or overlapping IP addresses can be used without
conflicting with each other.
Nokia L3 VPN Configuration Guide
The document discusses Virtual Private Routed Network (VPRN) services. VPRNs use BGP and MPLS to provide Layer 3 VPN connectivity between customer sites. Each VPRN has its own routing table maintained by provider edge (PE) routers. PE routers exchange routes for each VPRN using MP-BGP. Routes include a Route Distinguisher to identify the VPRN. Tunnels using MPLS or GRE carry customer traffic across the provider network to the correct PE router based on the route label. The document outlines requirements, protocols, and features used to implement VPRNs such as route reflectors, route redistribution, and CE connectivity checks.
BGP Overview
A presentation from Matthew Norwood at CHS about BGP. Given on September 15, 2009 at the Nashville Cisco Users Group meeting.
Lan Network with Redundancy.ppt
This document discusses setting up a redundant LAN network. It describes what a LAN network is and the importance of network redundancy. It then provides details on various methods for implementing redundancy, including creating VPNs, using redundancy protocols like HSRP and VRRP, basic routing, MPLS routing, access lists, NAT/PAT, and configuring redundant LAN connections. The document includes configuration examples and concludes that the project was a valuable learning experience for understanding real-world networking operations.
Cisco Live Milan 2015 - BGP advance
BGP started in 1989 to connect autonomous systems in a stable, efficient manner. This document outlines advancements in BGP infrastructure, VPN enhancements, and high availability features. Infrastructure enhancements improve areas like keepalive processing and update generation. VPN enhancements support technologies like iBGP between PE and CE routers, multicast VPNs, and EVPN. High availability features include graceful shutdown, fast convergence using PIC, and non-stop routing.
Cisco CCNA- DHCP Server
This document discusses configuring a Cisco router to act as a DHCP server. It describes the steps to create DHCP pools for two networks, 10.10.10.0/24 and 20.20.20.0/24, and configure the router's interfaces. It also explains the DHCP process and provides configuration snippets from the router to illustrate excluding addresses and verifying the configuration. The goal is to prepare readers for the Cisco CCNA certification exam.
VXLAN BGP EVPN: Technology Building Blocks
This document provides an overview and agenda for a presentation on VXLAN BGP EVPN technology. It begins with an introduction to VXLAN and EVPN concepts. It then outlines the agenda which includes explaining VXLAN configuration, EVPN configuration, underlay configuration, overlay configuration, and EVPN VXLAN service configuration. It also provides a sample migration from a legacy device configuration to a VXLAN BGP EVPN configuration. Various networking acronyms related to VXLAN and EVPN are defined. Sample vendor supported data center technologies and a VXLAN test topology are shown.
MPLS VPN Per Vrf Traffic
The document describes a MPLS VPN solution that provides different paths for each VRF using MP-EBGP between route reflectors and PE routers. Route targets and VRF definitions are configured to separate routing tables. MP-EBGP with a different AS is used between PEs to influence path selection and allow different paths for the same destination in different VRFs.
Chapter2ccna
This document provides an overview of TCP/IP and IP addressing. It describes the TCP/IP model and compares it to the OSI model. It then covers the different layers of TCP/IP including the process layer, host-to-host layer, internet layer, and network access layer. It discusses protocols like TCP, UDP, IP, and ARP. It also covers IP addressing schemes including classes, private addressing, and reserved addresses.
Chapter 2 point-to-point protocol (ppp)
The document describes the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and its use in establishing serial connections over WAN links. It discusses PPP concepts like its layered architecture, frame structure, session establishment process, and support for multiple network layer protocols. The document also covers configuring PPP encapsulation on serial interfaces, verifying the PPP connection, troubleshooting encapsulation issues, and configuring PPP authentication using PAP and CHAP protocols.
MPLS + BGP Presentation
This document provides an overview of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), including its history, key concepts, applications, and use by service providers. MPLS was developed in the late 1990s to meet the needs of scalable routing and quality of service on the growing internet. It works by assigning fixed length labels to data packets, allowing routers to forward based on these labels rather than long network addresses. Major applications of MPLS include traffic engineering, virtual private networks, and bandwidth management. The document discusses how service providers like MegaPath use MPLS in their backbones to provide integrated data and voice services, and nationwide networking solutions for corporate customers.
Unknown Unicast Traffic and Ping Pollers
This document summarizes an presentation about unknown unicast traffic and ping pollers. It defines unknown unicast traffic as traffic flooded on a LAN switch when the destination MAC address is not in the CAM table. It occurs in layer 2 broadcast domains. Ping pollers are lightweight machines that send periodic "keep-alive" traffic to refresh MAC addresses in switches and prevent unknown unicast flooding. A traditional ping poller uses ICMP ping sweeps while an enhanced version uses ARP requests with spoofed source MAC and IP addresses, allowing it to be more scalable with just one machine needed per metro area.
More than 200 CCNA Question Answer
The document provides a series of questions and answers related to CCNA networking topics such as IPX, Novell, and routing protocols. It includes questions about IPX encapsulation types, Cisco IOS commands for monitoring routing protocols, and characteristics of routing protocols like IGRP, RIP, and OSPF.
CCNA R&S-13-Spanning Tree Protocol Implementation
This document discusses configuration and verification of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) on Cisco switches. It covers topics such as setting the STP mode, configuring port costs and priorities to influence the root election, enabling PortFast and BPDU guard, and configuring EtherChannel. Configuration examples are provided to demonstrate how to view STP status using show commands and manipulate the STP topology by adjusting port costs and switch priorities.
Exploration lan switching_chapter3
This document discusses VLANs and trunking in converged networks. It explains that VLANs logically group devices to segment broadcast domains, reducing costs and improving security and performance. Types of VLAN traffic include data, voice, and network protocols. Communication between VLANs requires routers. Trunks are used for intra-VLAN communication and use 802.1Q tagging to identify frame VLANs, without tagging the native VLAN. The document also covers configuring and troubleshooting VLANs and trunks on Cisco switches.
Exploration lan switching_chapter7
This document discusses configuring and troubleshooting wireless local area networks (WLANs). It describes the components and operations of basic WLAN topologies, including wireless standards, infrastructure components, and planning. It also covers securing WLANs against threats and configuring/verifying basic WLAN access by setting up access points and wireless network interface cards. Troubleshooting tips include checking for issues with access point firmware, channel settings, interference, antenna placement, and encryption/authentication problems.
More Related Content
What's hot
Chapter8ccna
This chapter discusses layer-2 switching and the Spanning Tree Protocol. Layer-2 switching provides hardware-based bridging to break up collision domains and learn hosts' locations via MAC tables, but can cause switching loops without STP. STP solves switching loops by selecting a root bridge and designating ports to block or forward traffic, putting ports into blocking, listening, forwarding, or disabled states.
Introduction 140318015826-phpapp01
This document provides a summary of a presentation on CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate). It includes:
1. An introduction to CCNA, which stands for Cisco Certified Network Associate and provides information about networking, its types and applications. Networking is important for communication and resource sharing.
2. Descriptions of different types of networking including LAN, MAN, and WAN. It also lists common networking devices like LAN cards, bridges, hubs, switches, and routers.
3. Overviews of topics covered in CCNA including subnetting, supernetting, Classless Interdomain Routing (CIDR), the differences between hubs and switches, what routers are used for,
Packet Tracer: WAN, point to point links.
This document discusses configuring point-to-point WAN links in Packet Tracer using different encapsulation types such as HDLC, PPP, and Frame Relay. It provides configuration examples for HDLC and PPP links which were successfully implemented. Frame Relay configuration posed more challenges to troubleshoot due to static routing requirements and Packet Tracer limitations. The author learned about Frame Relay configuration but was unable to fully implement it in this lab.
Dmvpn with configuration example
DMVPN allows for secure dynamic overlay networks using mGRE tunnels, NHRP for next-hop resolution, and dynamic routing protocols. The document provides a configuration example where a hub router connects to multiple remote routers using DMVPN. IPsec is configured on each remote router to encrypt traffic. EIGRP is configured as the dynamic routing protocol to allow communication between the routers.
Chapter13ccna
This chapter discusses IPv6, the next-generation Internet protocol. IPv6 was created to address the impending exhaustion of IPv4 addresses as the number of internet-connected devices grows rapidly. IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses compared to 32-bit addresses in IPv4. It supports various address types including unicast, multicast, and anycast. IPv6 also introduces mechanisms for address autoconfiguration and tunneling to support transition from IPv4 to IPv6.
CCNA Routing Protocols
The document discusses routing protocols and summarizes:
- It differentiates between nonroutable, routed, and routing protocols and describes common examples like NetBEUI and TCP/IP.
- It explains interior and exterior gateway protocols and the two types of interior gateway protocols: distance-vector and link-state routing protocols.
- It provides details on RIP, a common distance-vector protocol, including how to enable and configure it.
VRF (virtual routing and forwarding)
VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) is a technology that allows multiple instances of a routing table to
co-exist within the same router at the same time. This increases functionality by allowing network paths
to be segmented without using multiple devices. Because traffic is automatically segregated, VRF also
increases network security and can eliminate the need for encryption and authentication. Internet
service providers (ISPs) often take advantage of VRF to create separate virtual private networks (VPNs)
for customers; thus the technology is also referred to as VPN routing and forwarding. Because the
routing instances are independent, the same or overlapping IP addresses can be used without
conflicting with each other.
Nokia L3 VPN Configuration Guide
The document discusses Virtual Private Routed Network (VPRN) services. VPRNs use BGP and MPLS to provide Layer 3 VPN connectivity between customer sites. Each VPRN has its own routing table maintained by provider edge (PE) routers. PE routers exchange routes for each VPRN using MP-BGP. Routes include a Route Distinguisher to identify the VPRN. Tunnels using MPLS or GRE carry customer traffic across the provider network to the correct PE router based on the route label. The document outlines requirements, protocols, and features used to implement VPRNs such as route reflectors, route redistribution, and CE connectivity checks.
BGP Overview
A presentation from Matthew Norwood at CHS about BGP. Given on September 15, 2009 at the Nashville Cisco Users Group meeting.
Lan Network with Redundancy.ppt
This document discusses setting up a redundant LAN network. It describes what a LAN network is and the importance of network redundancy. It then provides details on various methods for implementing redundancy, including creating VPNs, using redundancy protocols like HSRP and VRRP, basic routing, MPLS routing, access lists, NAT/PAT, and configuring redundant LAN connections. The document includes configuration examples and concludes that the project was a valuable learning experience for understanding real-world networking operations.
Cisco Live Milan 2015 - BGP advance
BGP started in 1989 to connect autonomous systems in a stable, efficient manner. This document outlines advancements in BGP infrastructure, VPN enhancements, and high availability features. Infrastructure enhancements improve areas like keepalive processing and update generation. VPN enhancements support technologies like iBGP between PE and CE routers, multicast VPNs, and EVPN. High availability features include graceful shutdown, fast convergence using PIC, and non-stop routing.
Cisco CCNA- DHCP Server
This document discusses configuring a Cisco router to act as a DHCP server. It describes the steps to create DHCP pools for two networks, 10.10.10.0/24 and 20.20.20.0/24, and configure the router's interfaces. It also explains the DHCP process and provides configuration snippets from the router to illustrate excluding addresses and verifying the configuration. The goal is to prepare readers for the Cisco CCNA certification exam.
VXLAN BGP EVPN: Technology Building Blocks
This document provides an overview and agenda for a presentation on VXLAN BGP EVPN technology. It begins with an introduction to VXLAN and EVPN concepts. It then outlines the agenda which includes explaining VXLAN configuration, EVPN configuration, underlay configuration, overlay configuration, and EVPN VXLAN service configuration. It also provides a sample migration from a legacy device configuration to a VXLAN BGP EVPN configuration. Various networking acronyms related to VXLAN and EVPN are defined. Sample vendor supported data center technologies and a VXLAN test topology are shown.
MPLS VPN Per Vrf Traffic
The document describes a MPLS VPN solution that provides different paths for each VRF using MP-EBGP between route reflectors and PE routers. Route targets and VRF definitions are configured to separate routing tables. MP-EBGP with a different AS is used between PEs to influence path selection and allow different paths for the same destination in different VRFs.
Chapter2ccna
This document provides an overview of TCP/IP and IP addressing. It describes the TCP/IP model and compares it to the OSI model. It then covers the different layers of TCP/IP including the process layer, host-to-host layer, internet layer, and network access layer. It discusses protocols like TCP, UDP, IP, and ARP. It also covers IP addressing schemes including classes, private addressing, and reserved addresses.
Chapter 2 point-to-point protocol (ppp)
The document describes the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and its use in establishing serial connections over WAN links. It discusses PPP concepts like its layered architecture, frame structure, session establishment process, and support for multiple network layer protocols. The document also covers configuring PPP encapsulation on serial interfaces, verifying the PPP connection, troubleshooting encapsulation issues, and configuring PPP authentication using PAP and CHAP protocols.
MPLS + BGP Presentation
This document provides an overview of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), including its history, key concepts, applications, and use by service providers. MPLS was developed in the late 1990s to meet the needs of scalable routing and quality of service on the growing internet. It works by assigning fixed length labels to data packets, allowing routers to forward based on these labels rather than long network addresses. Major applications of MPLS include traffic engineering, virtual private networks, and bandwidth management. The document discusses how service providers like MegaPath use MPLS in their backbones to provide integrated data and voice services, and nationwide networking solutions for corporate customers.
Unknown Unicast Traffic and Ping Pollers
This document summarizes an presentation about unknown unicast traffic and ping pollers. It defines unknown unicast traffic as traffic flooded on a LAN switch when the destination MAC address is not in the CAM table. It occurs in layer 2 broadcast domains. Ping pollers are lightweight machines that send periodic "keep-alive" traffic to refresh MAC addresses in switches and prevent unknown unicast flooding. A traditional ping poller uses ICMP ping sweeps while an enhanced version uses ARP requests with spoofed source MAC and IP addresses, allowing it to be more scalable with just one machine needed per metro area.
More than 200 CCNA Question Answer
The document provides a series of questions and answers related to CCNA networking topics such as IPX, Novell, and routing protocols. It includes questions about IPX encapsulation types, Cisco IOS commands for monitoring routing protocols, and characteristics of routing protocols like IGRP, RIP, and OSPF.
CCNA R&S-13-Spanning Tree Protocol Implementation
This document discusses configuration and verification of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) on Cisco switches. It covers topics such as setting the STP mode, configuring port costs and priorities to influence the root election, enabling PortFast and BPDU guard, and configuring EtherChannel. Configuration examples are provided to demonstrate how to view STP status using show commands and manipulate the STP topology by adjusting port costs and switch priorities.
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Exploration lan switching_chapter3
This document discusses VLANs and trunking in converged networks. It explains that VLANs logically group devices to segment broadcast domains, reducing costs and improving security and performance. Types of VLAN traffic include data, voice, and network protocols. Communication between VLANs requires routers. Trunks are used for intra-VLAN communication and use 802.1Q tagging to identify frame VLANs, without tagging the native VLAN. The document also covers configuring and troubleshooting VLANs and trunks on Cisco switches.
Exploration lan switching_chapter7
This document discusses configuring and troubleshooting wireless local area networks (WLANs). It describes the components and operations of basic WLAN topologies, including wireless standards, infrastructure components, and planning. It also covers securing WLANs against threats and configuring/verifying basic WLAN access by setting up access points and wireless network interface cards. Troubleshooting tips include checking for issues with access point firmware, channel settings, interference, antenna placement, and encryption/authentication problems.
Exploration lan switching_chapter5
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is used to prevent loops from forming on redundant networks. STP uses different port states and timers to logically prevent loops by electing a root bridge and designating root ports on each switch. Rapid PVST+ is an enhancement of STP that provides faster convergence time of less than 6 seconds compared to 50 seconds for STP, while also supporting VLANs to prevent loops between redundant switches in a VLAN.
Exploration lan switching_chapter2
El documento habla sobre la configuración de switches. Explica conceptos clave de redes Ethernet como dominios de colisión y de broadcast. Describe los métodos de envío de switches como store-and-forward y cut-through. También cubre temas como la autonegociación de puertos, tablas MAC, buffering y switching simétrico/asimétrico. Finalmente, detalla comandos CLI de Cisco IOS para navegar, configurar y verificar la seguridad básica de un switch.
Exploration lan switching_chapter4
This document discusses VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) which allows switches to exchange VLAN configuration information and manage VLANs across multiple switches. It describes VTP domains, modes, advertisements and pruning. VTP is configured on switches to distribute VLAN information throughout a converged network and troubleshoot configuration issues. Proper VTP configuration ensures switches within the same VTP domain automatically update to reflect any new VLANs or changes made to existing VLANs.
Exploration lan switching_chapter6
This document discusses configuring inter-VLAN routing to enable communication between devices on different VLANs. It covers explaining how network traffic is routed between VLANs, configuring inter-VLAN routing on a router by adding subinterfaces for each VLAN and assigning IP addresses, and troubleshooting common inter-VLAN connectivity issues like misconfigured switches, routers, or incorrect IP addressing.
Refguide
This document provides a reference guide for the Time-Frequency Toolbox, which contains functions for time-frequency analysis using MATLAB. The guide includes a glossary of terms and lists over 70 functions organized by subject area, such as signal generation, time-frequency processing, and visualization. Each function entry includes a brief description. The toolbox allows users to perform tasks like linear and bilinear time-frequency transformations, ambiguity functions, and reassigned distributions.
Presentation wimax
El documento describe las características y estándares del WiMAX 802.16. WiMAX es una tecnología de red de área amplia basada en estándares IEEE que ofrece altas velocidades de transmisión de datos usando señales de radio. Soporta aplicaciones de voz, video y datos para redes fijas y móviles. Los estándares clave son 802.16d para redes fijas y 802.16e para redes móviles, los cuales especifican técnicas como OFDM, SOFDMA y QoS.
Chapter10ccna
This chapter discusses network security concepts like types of attacks, mitigation techniques, and access control lists. Standard access lists filter based on source IP addresses while extended lists can filter on additional attributes like destination address, protocol, and port numbers. Access lists are applied to router interfaces to permit or deny traffic and help implement security policies. The document provides examples of how to configure standard and extended access lists on Cisco routers to control network access.
Viewers also liked (9)
Similar to Chapter14ccna
CCNA PPP and Frame Relay
The document discusses PPP and Frame Relay networking fundamentals. It describes how PPP provides encapsulation and authentication over various physical interfaces. Frame Relay uses virtual circuits identified by DLCI numbers to transmit data over WAN links. Routers establish Frame Relay maps using Inverse ARP or static configuration to associate remote IP addresses with DLCIs. The document provides instructions for configuring PPP and Frame Relay on Cisco routers.
02_N2_Chapter 2.pptx
This document discusses static routing and router configuration. It describes the general role of routers in forwarding packets using the best path. Static routes can be configured on routers to specify the next hop and exit interface for particular networks. The routing table only contains directly connected networks when static routing is used. CDP is a Cisco protocol that provides information about directly connected devices to help troubleshoot connectivity issues.
Cisco Router As A Vpn Server
This document provides instructions for configuring a Cisco router to function as a VPN server using different VPN protocols. It discusses the basic configuration of the router interfaces, routing protocols, AAA authentication, virtual templates, VPDN, and IPSec. Key steps include creating local users, configuring interfaces, enabling AAA with local authentication, defining a virtual template, enabling VPDN with PPTP protocol, and configuring IPSec transforms, policies and dynamic crypto maps.
ccna project on topic company infrastructure
Prince Gautam submitted a presentation on CCNA that introduces CCNA and networking. It defines CCNA, describes the importance of networking for communication and resource sharing. It also summarizes different types of networking including LAN, MAN, WAN and common networking devices like hubs, switches, routers. The presentation further explains concepts like subnetting, supernetting, routing protocols like RIP, EIGRP, OSPF and basic router configuration.
Frame Relay
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Frame Relay
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
Wan
This document discusses various WAN connection types including Frame Relay, HDLC, PPP, and ISDN. It provides details on how to configure these protocols on Cisco routers, such as using subinterfaces to treat each Frame Relay virtual circuit as a separate interface. It also explains the components and interfaces of ISDN including BRI, PRI, and reference points between customer equipment and the telephone network provider.
TakeDownCon Rocket City: Bending and Twisting Networks by Paul Coggin
This document provides technical summaries of various network attacks and exploitation techniques. It begins with an overview of the author's background and experience in network security. It then summarizes several methods, including exploiting SNMP configurations, manipulating routing tables through policy routing, using GRE and ERSPAN tunnels to enable remote packet capture, exploiting DLSw to tunnel traffic covertly, and exploiting lawful intercept functions to duplicate traffic. The goal is to educate about various risks while maintaining an instructional tone.
WAN (wide area network)
A WAN (Wide Area Network) is a network that covers a broad area (i.e., any telecommunications
network that links across metropolitan, regional, national or international boundaries) using leased
telecommunication lines. Business and government entities utilize WANs to relay data among
employees, clients, buyers, and suppliers from various geographical locations. In essence, this mode of
telecommunication allows a business to effectively carry out its daily function regardless of location. The
Internet can be considered a WAN as well, and is used by businesses, governments, organizations, and
individuals for almost any purpose imaginable.
Service Provider Networks and Frame Relay
The document discusses service provider networks and frame relay. It provides instructions on building a frame relay network with hub and spoke routers using dynamic and static frame relay mappings. It also covers configurations for loopback interfaces, RIP routing protocol, and route redistribution between protocols to share routes.
Ccna 4 chapter 3 v4.0 answers 2011
1. A Frame Relay switch may perform three actions when detecting excessive frame buildup: put a hold on accepting frames in excess of the CIR, drop frames from the queue that have the DE bit set, and set the BECN bit on all frames it places on the congested link.
2. The benefit of Frame Relay over leased lines or ISDN is that customers only pay for the bandwidth they purchase from the network provider.
3. For routers R1, R2, and R3 to ping each other successfully over Frame Relay, R2 and R3 would need the frame-relay map commands configuring the correct DLCIs to establish connectivity between all routers.
Network Design on cisco packet tracer 6.0
This document proposes a network design using access controls and VoIP. It includes configuration of routers, switches, VLANs, DHCP, RIP routing protocol, frame relay, telnet, ACLs and VoIP protocols like Call Manager Express. The network connects three locations - a head office and two branch offices - using routers, switches, frame relay, VLANs and access controls to filter unauthorized traffic and allow only genuine users. VoIP is implemented using protocols like DHCP, Call Manager Express, phone directory and dial peer configuration to enable voice calls between the locations over the IP network.
Chapter6ccna
This document discusses IP routing and the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). It provides an overview of static and dynamic routing, explaining that dynamic routing protocols like RIP are used to automatically share routing information between routers to determine the best path through a network. The document then discusses key RIP concepts like distance vector routing, route discovery, routing loops, and configuration options in RIP like version 2 support and passive interfaces.
Chapter6ccna
This document discusses IP routing and the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). It provides an overview of static and dynamic routing, including RIP version 1 and 2. Key points covered include how routing protocols discover and maintain routes, routing loops, RIP configuration, and commands to verify RIP operation.
Ccna 4 Chapter 8 V4.0 Answers
CCNA Discovery Answers, CCNA 4.1 Answers, CCNA Discovery 4.0 Answers, CCNA Discovery 4.1 Answers, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 1, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 2, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 3, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 4, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 5, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 6, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 7, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 8, CCNA 4.1 Answer Chapter 9
ccna summer training ppt ( Cisco certified network analysis) ppt. by Traun k...
This document provides a summary of a presentation on CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate). It was trained by Ravinder Kumar from Gurukul Technical Institute and submitted by Tarun Khaneja with roll number 2110045 and contact number 09034406598. The presentation introduces CCNA and discusses networking types and applications. It also covers networking devices, subnetting, routing protocols like RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, ACLs, VLANs, and inter-VLAN routing. Configuration examples are provided for EIGRP and RIP routing on the same network.
Ccna switch wan and ppp protocol contact
Frame Relay is a connection-oriented WAN protocol that uses virtual circuits to allow routers to communicate over a single physical link. Virtual circuits can be permanent virtual circuits (PVCs) or switched virtual circuits (SVCs). Frame Relay encapsulates network layer packets and assigns each virtual circuit a Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) address. Routers use DLCI addresses to tag packets and direct them over specific virtual circuits.
How to configure frame realy
The document discusses how to configure Frame Relay encapsulation and subinterfaces on a router. It describes setting the Frame Relay encapsulation on an interface, configuring the LMI type, creating Frame Relay maps, and configuring subinterfaces. Specific commands are provided to create point-to-point and multipoint subinterfaces, assign IP addresses to them, and assign DLCI values. Configuration examples are also given to set this up between routers R1, R2, R3 and R4.
5 продвинутых технологий Cisco, которые нужно знать
Руслан Савченко, инструктор онлайн-школы SkillFactory – о самом интересном из программы курсов CCNP Route и CCNP Switch от Cisco и о том, какие знания в области маршрутизации и коммутации нужно иметь, чтобы решать по-настоящему сложные задачи.
Lan Network with Redundancy
Now more than ever, today’s businesses require reliable network connectivity and access to corporate resources. Connections to and from business units, vendors and SOHOs are all equally important to keep the continuity when needed. Business runs all day, every day and even in off hours. Most companies run operations around the clock, seven days a week so it’s important to realize that to keep a solid business continuity strategy, redundancy technologies should be considered and/or implemented.
So, we need to keep things up and available all the time. This is sometimes referred to five nines (99.999) uptime. The small percentage of downtime is accounted for unforeseen incidents, or ‘scheduled maintenance’ and usually set to take place during times of least impact, like in the middle of the night, or on holiday weekends if planned. If this is not a part of your systems and network architecture it should be considered if you want to keep a high level of availability. Because things break and unforeseen events do take place, we need to evaluate the need for creating an architecture that is ‘highly available’, or up as much as possible, with failures foreseen ahead of time and the only downtime, is to do planned maintenance.
Similar to Chapter14ccna (20)
TakeDownCon Rocket City: Bending and Twisting Networks by Paul Coggin
TakeDownCon Rocket City: Bending and Twisting Networks by Paul Coggin
ccna summer training ppt ( Cisco certified network analysis) ppt. by Traun k...
ccna summer training ppt ( Cisco certified network analysis) ppt. by Traun k...
5 продвинутых технологий Cisco, которые нужно знать
5 продвинутых технологий Cisco, которые нужно знать
More from robertoxe
Exploration lan switching_chapter1
El documento describe los conceptos clave detrás del diseño de redes jerárquicas, incluyendo las características y beneficios de una estructura jerárquica. Explica que una red jerárquica está compuesta de tres capas (acceso, distribución y núcleo) y cómo los switches de Cisco son adecuados para cada capa dependiendo de sus características como rendimiento, densidad de puertos y funciones.
Exploration lan switching_chapter7
This document discusses configuring and troubleshooting wireless local area networks (WLANs). It describes the components and operations of basic WLAN topologies, including wireless standards, infrastructure components, and planning. It also covers securing WLANs against threats and configuring/verifying basic WLAN access by setting up access points and wireless network interface cards. Troubleshooting tips include checking for issues with access point firmware, channel settings, interference, antenna placement, and encryption/authentication problems.
Exploration lan switching_chapter6
This document discusses configuring inter-VLAN routing to enable communication between devices on different VLANs. It covers explaining how network traffic is routed between VLANs, configuring inter-VLAN routing on a router by adding subinterfaces for each VLAN and assigning IP addresses, and troubleshooting common inter-VLAN connectivity issues like misconfigured switches, routers, or incorrect IP addressing.
Exploration lan switching_chapter5
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is used to prevent loops from forming on redundant networks. STP uses different port states and timers to logically prevent loops by electing a root bridge and designating root ports on each switch. Rapid PVST+ is an enhancement of STP that provides faster convergence time of less than 6 seconds compared to 50 seconds for STP, while also supporting VLANs to prevent loops between redundant switches in a VLAN.
Exploration lan switching_chapter4
This document discusses VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) which allows switches to exchange VLAN configuration information and manage VLANs across multiple switches. It describes VTP domains, modes, advertisements and pruning. VTP is configured on switches to distribute VLAN information throughout a converged network and troubleshoot configuration issues. Proper VTP configuration ensures switches within the same VTP domain automatically update to reflect any new VLANs or changes made to existing VLANs.
Exploration lan switching_chapter3
This document discusses VLANs and trunking in converged networks. It explains that VLANs logically group devices to segment broadcast domains, reducing costs and improving security and performance. Types of VLAN traffic include data, voice, and network protocols. Communication between VLANs requires routers. Trunks are used for intra-VLAN communication and use 802.1Q tagging to identify frame VLANs, without tagging the native VLAN. The document also covers configuring and troubleshooting VLANs and trunks on Cisco switches.
Exploration lan switching_chapter2
El documento describe los conceptos clave de las redes Ethernet y LAN, incluyendo la configuración básica de switches Cisco como la autonegociación, full-duplex y half-duplex. También cubre temas como direccionamiento MAC, tablas de direcciones MAC, dominios de broadcast, latencia de red, congestión de red, segmentación LAN y métodos de encaminamiento de switches como store-and-forward. Además, explica cómo configurar seguridad básica en un switch mediante contraseñas, banners de inicio de sesión y puertos seguros.
Chapter13ccna
This chapter discusses IPv6, the next-generation Internet protocol. IPv6 was created to address the impending exhaustion of IPv4 addresses as the number of internet-connected devices grows rapidly. IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses compared to 32-bit addresses in IPv4. It supports various address types including unicast, multicast, and anycast. IPv6 also introduces mechanisms for address autoconfiguration and supports tunneling techniques for transitioning to IPv6, such as 6to4 tunnels.
Chapter11ccna
NAT (Network Address Translation) allows private IP addresses to be translated to public IP addresses to allow access to the internet. There are three types of NAT: static NAT maps a single private IP to a single public IP; dynamic NAT maps multiple private IPs to multiple public IPs; and PAT (Port Address Translation) maps multiple private IPs to a single public IP by multiplexing client ports. The document provides configuration examples for static NAT, dynamic NAT, and PAT on Cisco routers to translate private to public IP addresses and allow internal hosts internet access.
Chapter10ccna
This chapter discusses network security concepts like types of attacks, mitigation techniques, and access control lists. Standard access lists filter based on source IP addresses while extended lists can filter on additional attributes like destination IP, protocol, and port numbers. Access lists are applied to router interfaces to permit or deny traffic and are evaluated sequentially from top to bottom. They help control access to router VTY lines and filter inbound or outbound traffic.
Chapter9ccna
This document provides an overview of VLANs (virtual local area networks) including:
- What VLANs are and their benefits such as simplifying network management, providing security, and flexibility.
- How VLANs work by logically grouping network users and resources connected to switch ports.
- Methods for identifying VLANs including frame tagging and trunk links.
- The purpose and benefits of the VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) for managing VLAN configurations across switches.
- Examples of configuring VLANs, assigning ports, setting up trunking, and enabling inter-VLAN communication.
Chapter8ccna
This chapter discusses layer-2 switching and the Spanning Tree Protocol. Layer-2 switching provides hardware-based bridging to break up collision domains and learn hosts' locations via MAC tables, but can cause switching loops without STP. STP solves switching loops by selecting a root bridge and designating ports to block or forward traffic, putting ports into blocking, listening, forwarding, or disabled states.
Chapter7ccna
EIGRP and OSPF are routing protocols. EIGRP uses the DUAL algorithm and metric to select fast, loop-free routes. It supports multiple network layers and rapid convergence. OSPF is an open standard link-state protocol that provides a common network view and calculates the shortest path. It can route between autonomous systems and uses link state updates and SPF algorithm. Configuring OSPF involves assigning networks to areas and defining the routing process. Verification includes checking neighbors, routes, and topology tables.
Chapter5ccna
The document discusses various topics for managing a Cisco internetwork including Cisco router components, the boot sequence, configuration registers, backing up and restoring the IOS and configuration, Cisco Discovery Protocol, Telnet, resolving hostnames, and troubleshooting tools. It provides details on these topics such as how to back up and restore configurations and IOS files, view CDP neighbor information, set Telnet passwords, build a host table, and use DNS. The document is intended to help understand managing Cisco routers and internetworks.
Chapter4ccna
This document provides an overview of Cisco's IOS and the Cisco Switch and Desktop Monitor (SDM). It discusses connecting to Cisco routers, the boot-up process, command line interface modes, configuration modes, editing features, administrative functions like hostnames, banners, passwords, and interface descriptions. It also covers bringing up and configuring interfaces, viewing and saving configurations, and verification tools.
Chapter3ccna
This chapter discusses subnetting, VLSM, and troubleshooting IP addressing. It covers subnetting basics like how subnetting reduces network traffic and optimizes performance. The key concepts explained include how to create subnets using subnet masks, understanding Class C subnetting with examples, and using VLSM to apply variable length subnet masks. Troubleshooting techniques are also covered, such as identifying why certain devices cannot communicate and determining valid IP addresses.
More from robertoxe (20)
Chapter14ccna
- 1. Instructor & Todd Lammle Sybex CCNA 640-802 Chapter 14: Wide Area Networks
- 5. DTE-DCE-DTE
- 17. PPP Example 1
- 18. PPP Example 2
- 19. PPP Example 3
- 20. PPP Example 4
- 28. DLCI’s are Locally Significant
- 40. Troubleshooting Frame Relay Why can’t RouterA talk to RouterB?
- 41. Troubleshooting Frame Relay Why is RIP not sent across the PVC?