Chapter 7
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This document defines key civics and economics vocabulary terms across four sections. It provides the term, a brief definition, and example sentences comparing the term to similar concepts. Some of the terms summarized include the electoral college, executive orders, foreign policy, the president's cabinet, civil service workers, and the merit system versus the spoils system for government hiring.
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Chapter 6
The document defines various civics and economics terms related to the US government in sections. It provides definitions for terms like bicameral, census, constituent, gerrymander, majority party, minority party, and others. For each term it gives a definition or example sentence to explain the meaning of the term in 1-2 sentences.
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The document defines several key terms related to the US Constitution and government. It explains that the Constitution established the framework for government and divided powers between the federal and state governments. The three branches of government - legislative, executive, and judicial - were created with checks and balances to limit any one branch from gaining too much power. Power is shared between the national and state governments over expressed, reserved, and concurrent areas.
Chapter 9 Section 1 Notes
The document summarizes key aspects of the US Constitution including:
1) The federal system was created with three separate branches to limit government power and includes delegated, reserved, and concurrent powers.
2) Delegated powers are given to the federal government while reserved powers are left to state governments. Concurrent powers are shared.
3) The legislative branch makes laws as a representative democracy with the House and Senate. Apportionment determines House seats based on population.
4) The executive branch is led by the president who can veto and issue executive orders. They appoint cabinet members and can pardon crimes.
5) The judicial branch interprets laws with the Supreme Court as the highest court consisting
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The document provides information about the legislative branch of the US government. It discusses the members and organization of Congress, including the House of Representatives and Senate. It explains that Congress is bicameral, with 435 members in the House serving 2 year terms and 100 Senators serving 6 year terms. The document also outlines the powers of Congress, such as passing legislation and approving budgets, and how a bill becomes a law through committee review and votes in both the House and Senate.
Understanding parliament
This document provides an overview of parliamentary systems from an international perspective. It explains that parliaments originated as places for public discussion and debate. Most modern parliaments have three branches: a head of state, an upper house with limited powers, and a lower house with the most authority. The lower house is where governments form and laws are created and voted on. Inside the parliamentary chamber, the ruling party sits on one side of the speaker, while the main opposition party sits on the other side.
US GOVERNMENT Preamble CHPT 3
The document summarizes key aspects of the United States Constitution. It explains that the Constitution has 7 articles that describe how the government works and rules for electing officials like senators and the president. It outlines the 3 branches of government: the legislative branch makes laws (Congress), the executive branch enforces laws (President), and the judicial branch ensures laws follow the Constitution through fairness (Supreme Court). It also summarizes the first 10 amendments known as the Bill of Rights, which protect fundamental freedoms like freedom of religion, speech, press, and rights against unlawful search and seizure.
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The document provides information about several ways citizens can influence the creation and enforcement of laws, such as creating a petition, joining an organization, or contacting elected representatives. It also discusses Kennedy's inaugural address and how citizens exercising their rights can benefit their country. Additionally, it presents scenarios and examples for students to consider different areas of law, such as civil law dealing with private disputes versus criminal law addressing crimes.
Review slides
This document provides an overview and review of topics covered in a civics unit on the federal system in the United States. It includes summaries of five topics: federalism, the legislative branch and congressional powers, the lawmaking process, an overview of the executive branch, and ways the executive branch influences policymaking. For each topic, it outlines what was covered in class, activities, important concepts to know, and sample multiple choice questions.
Recommended
Chapter 6
The document defines various civics and economics terms related to the US government in sections. It provides definitions for terms like bicameral, census, constituent, gerrymander, majority party, minority party, and others. For each term it gives a definition or example sentence to explain the meaning of the term in 1-2 sentences.
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The document defines several key terms related to the US Constitution and government. It explains that the Constitution established the framework for government and divided powers between the federal and state governments. The three branches of government - legislative, executive, and judicial - were created with checks and balances to limit any one branch from gaining too much power. Power is shared between the national and state governments over expressed, reserved, and concurrent areas.
Chapter 9 Section 1 Notes
The document summarizes key aspects of the US Constitution including:
1) The federal system was created with three separate branches to limit government power and includes delegated, reserved, and concurrent powers.
2) Delegated powers are given to the federal government while reserved powers are left to state governments. Concurrent powers are shared.
3) The legislative branch makes laws as a representative democracy with the House and Senate. Apportionment determines House seats based on population.
4) The executive branch is led by the president who can veto and issue executive orders. They appoint cabinet members and can pardon crimes.
5) The judicial branch interprets laws with the Supreme Court as the highest court consisting
The Legislative Branch
The document provides information about the legislative branch of the US government. It discusses the members and organization of Congress, including the House of Representatives and Senate. It explains that Congress is bicameral, with 435 members in the House serving 2 year terms and 100 Senators serving 6 year terms. The document also outlines the powers of Congress, such as passing legislation and approving budgets, and how a bill becomes a law through committee review and votes in both the House and Senate.
Understanding parliament
This document provides an overview of parliamentary systems from an international perspective. It explains that parliaments originated as places for public discussion and debate. Most modern parliaments have three branches: a head of state, an upper house with limited powers, and a lower house with the most authority. The lower house is where governments form and laws are created and voted on. Inside the parliamentary chamber, the ruling party sits on one side of the speaker, while the main opposition party sits on the other side.
US GOVERNMENT Preamble CHPT 3
The document summarizes key aspects of the United States Constitution. It explains that the Constitution has 7 articles that describe how the government works and rules for electing officials like senators and the president. It outlines the 3 branches of government: the legislative branch makes laws (Congress), the executive branch enforces laws (President), and the judicial branch ensures laws follow the Constitution through fairness (Supreme Court). It also summarizes the first 10 amendments known as the Bill of Rights, which protect fundamental freedoms like freedom of religion, speech, press, and rights against unlawful search and seizure.
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The document provides information about several ways citizens can influence the creation and enforcement of laws, such as creating a petition, joining an organization, or contacting elected representatives. It also discusses Kennedy's inaugural address and how citizens exercising their rights can benefit their country. Additionally, it presents scenarios and examples for students to consider different areas of law, such as civil law dealing with private disputes versus criminal law addressing crimes.
Review slides
This document provides an overview and review of topics covered in a civics unit on the federal system in the United States. It includes summaries of five topics: federalism, the legislative branch and congressional powers, the lawmaking process, an overview of the executive branch, and ways the executive branch influences policymaking. For each topic, it outlines what was covered in class, activities, important concepts to know, and sample multiple choice questions.
Review slides
This document provides an overview and review of topics covered in a civics unit on the federal system in the United States. It includes summaries of five topics: federalism, the legislative branch and congressional powers, the lawmaking process, an overview of the executive branch, and ways the executive branch influences policymaking. For each topic, it outlines what was covered in class, activities, and key things for students to know, and provides an example multiple choice question.
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- The executive branch is led by the President and is responsible for enforcing laws. It has the power to veto laws and appoint judges.
- The legislative branch is the Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate approves treaties and presidential appointments.
- The judicial branch is led by the Supreme Court and interprets laws. It can declare laws and presidential acts unconstitutional.
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Plea bargaining has long been central to America’s criminal justice system.
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First of all plea should be request by defendant.
Plea should be reasonable and should be voluntary knowing the consequences.
Usually it involves sentence reductions, dismissal of other charges, recommendations and so on.
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- The Founders created a bicameral legislature to balance large and small states
- Over time, Congress has shifted between periods of strong central leadership and more decentralized decision-making
- Major differences between the House and Senate include size, terms, representation, and powers
- Congress is organized through party leadership structures, committees, and specialized staff and offices
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The document discusses the roles and powers of the three branches of the US government:
- The executive branch is led by the President and is responsible for enforcing laws. It has the power to veto laws and appoint judges.
- The legislative branch is the Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate approves treaties and presidential appointments.
- The judicial branch is led by the Supreme Court and interprets laws. It can declare laws and presidential acts unconstitutional.
Freedom of Contract: or the lack of it
There are philosophical justifications for freedom of contract as well as limitations to it. Freedom of contract expresses individual autonomy and is a feature of free societies, but it can allow commodification, externalities, coercion, and imperfect information that harm third parties or exploit one party. Limitations aim to ensure fair outcomes and address market failures or unequal bargaining power between parties. Jurisdictions like the US, India, and Germany recognize contract freedom but impose constraints to prevent harms.
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This document provides an overview of the US legislative branch and congressional representation. It discusses the structure of Congress including the House of Representatives and Senate. The House focuses on representation by population and has two-year terms, while the Senate emphasizes equal representation of states and has six-year terms. Representatives can act as delegates, following constituents' wishes, or trustees, making their own decisions. The document also outlines Congress's powers and role in the policy process.
Final exam test review w answers
Sovereignty in a democracy belongs to the people. Federalism divides power between the federal and state governments as outlined in the Constitution to prevent a strong central authority. The Anti-Federalists wanted a Bill of Rights added to define individual rights and powers left to the states. Political polls test public opinion on issues and politicians. Minor political parties have brought new issues to major parties' attention.
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•distinguish between civil and criminal court procedures
•identify the role of legal personnel involved in the court process
Plea Bargaining and Selection of Jurors - Presentation by Prajwal Bhattarai
Plea Bargaining and Selection of Jurors - Presentation by Prajwal Bhattarai
It is the most common method of resolving cases in the criminal system during pre-trial process.
Plea bargaining has long been central to America’s criminal justice system.
The practice of negotiating an agreement between the prosecution and the defense.
First of all plea should be request by defendant.
Plea should be reasonable and should be voluntary knowing the consequences.
Usually it involves sentence reductions, dismissal of other charges, recommendations and so on.
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How a bill becomes a law
Once upon a time, Representative Scary Gary sponsors a bill (H.R. 345) that would require cities to have clowns dancing in driveways each morning after a citizen suggests the idea. The bill goes through the legislative process, getting assigned to committees in the House and Senate, and voted on and passed by both chambers. In the end, the bill is signed into law by the President. To celebrate, Scary Gary and Senator Crazy Carl throw a clown party for the town, but Gary's house explodes before the party is over.
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Unit 1.3 day 3 constitution articles pt.2 (daily sheet 3)
Article II of the Constitution describes the executive branch, headed by the president. It establishes the qualifications to be president, that the president is selected by the Electoral College, and the powers of the office. These powers include serving as commander-in-chief of the armed forces, appointing ambassadors and judges, making treaties, and enforcing laws. Article III establishes the judicial branch and the Supreme Court, giving the courts the power to interpret laws and review the constitutionality of other laws and actions.
Congress Chapter 11
The document provides an overview of Congress, comparing it to Parliament and describing its evolution and organization. Key points include:
- Congress has more independence than Parliament but is also more decentralized
- The Founders created a bicameral legislature to balance large and small states
- Over time, Congress has shifted between periods of strong central leadership and more decentralized decision-making
- Major differences between the House and Senate include size, terms, representation, and powers
- Congress is organized through party leadership structures, committees, and specialized staff and offices
Lesson 21
Congress plays several key roles in the US constitutional system of government. It represents the people and checks the power of the other branches. Congress is made up of the House of Representatives and Senate, which have different terms to balance current and long-term interests. Congress has both enumerated powers listed in the Constitution as well as implied powers granted by the Necessary and Proper Clause. It regulates commerce, declares war, and passes laws while separated from but checking the executive branch.
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The Supreme Court is the highest court in the US judicial system. It has the final say on interpreting the Constitution and federal law. Below the Supreme Court are the lower federal courts and state courts, which together form a dual court system. Cases can be heard in either federal or state courts depending on the types of laws, parties, and jurisdictional issues involved. The Supreme Court has both original jurisdiction over a few specific types of cases and appellate jurisdiction to review cases from lower courts. Its key powers include judicial review and establishing precedents through its rulings.
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This document provides an overview of the legislative process in the UK. It begins with some introductory information on key legal theories like separation of powers and parliamentary sovereignty. It then discusses the pre-legislative stages of creating laws, including consultation processes like green papers and white papers. Various terms related to legislation are also defined. The document goes on to explain the different types of bills and provides a word search puzzle to identify some key terms. Finally, it discusses the process by which a bill becomes an act, outlining the different stages it must pass through the House of Commons and House of Lords.
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Research paper
Technology has significantly impacted the art field in many ways. It has introduced new mediums like digital art and expanded traditional mediums by making techniques like adding textures possible. While some view digital and traditional art as different, the artistic process is similar - beginning with an idea and using a chosen medium to convey it. Technology allows for mixing of mediums and has advanced fields like graphic design, movies, tattoos and art restoration. Rather than taking away from art, technology has created new possibilities and expanded the art field.
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A bill proposing to lower the drinking age from 21 to 18 would go through the following process:
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2. The bill would be assigned to a committee for review. It would then go to a floor debate, controlled by the chamber's presiding officer.
3. If passed, the bill would then go to the other chamber and repeat the committee and floor debate process.
4. If passed by both the House and Senate, the bill would go to the President. If signed, it would become law. The President could also veto the bill, sending it back for possible override.
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Timeline
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Similar to Chapter 7
Chapter five
Responsibilities are things we should do voluntarily, while duties are things we are required to do by law. A draft calls men into compulsory military service, similar to the selective service. Tolerance involves respecting others regardless of differences, unlike discrimination.
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1. A bill is a proposed law presented in parliament or state assembly. It becomes an act after being passed by both houses of parliament/assembly, ratified by the president/governor, and notified in the official gazette.
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The document defines key terms related to civics and economics from three chapters. It provides definitions for terms like public opinion, mass media, interest groups, print media, electronic media, public interest groups, lobbyists, and more. Each term is defined in a single sentence and may note similarities or differences to other terms. The document aims to concisely outline important vocabulary for understanding civics and government.
Essay Questions Exam #1 Due Sunday Oct 19th @ 10pm Emmanuel .docx
Essay Questions Exam #1
Due Sunday Oct 19th @ 10pm
Emmanuel
1. What are the differences between domestic law and international law? What are the sources for international law?
Domestic law is enforced by legit government. Codified by a legitimate government. Domestic law is dominated by dominated by culture. No true international law
International law – 1) a nation can consent to be bound by international law (agree to a treaty)
2)a convention (comes out of the UN) UN has to be signed by each country- international contract. 3) also consent by custom & practices.
2. What is "enfranchisement"? Discuss the amendments in the US Constitution that applies to
Enfranchisement- to admit to the privileges of a citizen and especially to the right of suffrage
Amendments
· 15th – blacks
· 19th –deals with women rights
· 23th –Washington D.C. can vote
· 24th – abolish property tax vote
· 26th – Lower voting age to 18 years
David Lopez
3. What is “ethics”? What is “morality”? What are the differences between ethics, morality and the law? Briefly discuss legal obligations, professional obligations and organizational obligations.
As mentioned in chapter 5, at the most basic level, ethics constitutes right or wrong behavior. It is a branch of philosophy focusing on morality and the way moral principles are derived and implemented. Ethics has to do with the fairness, justness, rightness, or wrongness of an action. Morals are influenced by culture or society, however they are principal’s set individually by person to person. Business ethics and business law are closely intertwined because ultimately the law rests on social beliefs about right and wrong behavior in the business world.
4. What is "pleadings"? Discuss the contents of a complaint.
The complaint and answer, taken together, are known as the pleadings.
-The facts showing that the court has subject- matter and personal jurisdiction
-The facts establishing the plaintiff’s basis for relief,
-The remedy the plaintiff is seeking.
5. Discuss at least four reasons why the court will apply equitable remedies. Note:UMIRU
Equitable remedies include specific performance, an injunction, and rescission. Specific performance involves ordering a party to perform an agreement as promised. An injunction is an order to a party to cease engaging in a specific activity or to undo some wrong or injury. Rescission is the cancellation of a contractual obligation.Todays courts will not grant equitable remedies unless the remedy at law (monetary damages )is inadequate.
6. Briefly discuss the major publication, practices and invention that had an influence on the US Constitution.
Ideas from many people and several existing documents, including the Articles of Confederation and Declaration of Independence had major influences on the publication for the constitution.
7. What is evidence law? What criteria must be met for evidence to be admissible.
The law of evidence provides principle ...
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4 Classifications of LawThere are four different classifications.docx
4 Classifications of Law
There are four different classifications of law that are found around the world. In this brief article I will explain the differences that make up the four classifications of law.
1. Substantive of laws vs. Procedures of laws- Substantive of law is the substance that makes up a law. It is the meaning of a law that explains what you can and cannot do. For example the law states that you cannot murder another human being unless it was in self defense, you were under duress, or if you were drugged by another person. Unlike substantive of law, procedures of laws are just the steps that must take place when filing a lawsuit against another party.
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3. Criminal vs. Civil Law- Criminal law was created to protect the public from the government or from themselves. Criminal laws were created so that the government could not prosecute individuals without due process and so that the public could protect themselves from each other. Civil law are cases where one or both parties are looking for compensation instead of jail time. Civil law covers anything that criminal law does not cover in the court system.
4. Common vs. Civil law countries- Common law countries prosecute with the concept of "Stare Decisis" meaning, let the decision stand. This means that these countries such as the United States of America make decisions based on precedent. These countries are case law countries and look at how past cases were decided and use that in the decision process when prosecuting. Unlike common law countries, civil law countries do not rely on precedent but instead prosecute lawsuits on a case to case basis without looking at how past cases had been decided.
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Ehsan Kabir Solicitor | Common Law vs. Positive Law
Ehsan Kabir Solicitor is explaining the Common Law vs. Positive Law. Ehsan Kabir understands that clients may be limited in their financial means. In order to ensure they too benefit from his knowledge and experience, Ehsan Kabir works alongside his clients to find and deliver a cost-effective solutions to their problems. By working together with clients Mr. Kabir provides clients with opportunities to keep control of their finances.
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This document discusses the three branches of the US government - the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. It outlines the key roles and powers of each branch as established by the Constitution, as well as the system of checks and balances between the branches to prevent any one from becoming too powerful. It also identifies some pros and cons of this system and lists some current key political figures within each branch.
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Difference between Laws and Human Rights - David Ford Avon CT
Difference between Laws and Human Rights - David Ford Avon CT
Essay Questions Exam #1 Due Sunday Oct 19th @ 10pm Emmanuel .docx
Essay Questions Exam #1 Due Sunday Oct 19th @ 10pm Emmanuel .docx
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Chapter 7
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