The document discusses proteins and amino acids. It covers the basics of what proteins are made from, the unique properties of different amino acids, how proteins are digested and absorbed. It also discusses the many important roles and functions of proteins in the body, including as enzymes, hormones, structural components, transporters, and more. Recommended daily intakes of protein are discussed as well as potential health effects of deficiencies and excesses.
Water plays a key role in the human body by maintaining homeostasis and allowing vital functions to occur. It is essential for regulating body temperature, lubricating joints, and acting as a solvent. Water balance is maintained through fluid intake and losses via urine, sweat, breath, and feces. Both inadequate water intake and excessive losses can disrupt homeostasis and cause health issues. Major and trace minerals are also important for fluid balance, bone health, and other bodily processes.
1. The document discusses chemical reactions in the body related to metabolism. Plants use photosynthesis to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water, which humans and animals consume and break down to use as fuel.
2. Metabolic reactions take place inside cells, with catabolism breaking down nutrients to release energy and anabolism building up body compounds using that energy. Glucose, fats, and proteins are broken down through various pathways to produce energy in the form of ATP.
3. The document also discusses alcohol consumption and metabolism. Alcohol is absorbed quickly and broken down in the liver, but excessive drinking can damage liver function and lead to malnutrition by interfering with nutrient metabolism. Both short and long-term
This document discusses weight management and provides information on overweight, obesity, and underweight. It covers topics such as the definition of overweight and obesity according to BMI, causes of obesity including genetics and environment, health risks of obesity like heart disease and diabetes, and strategies for weight loss and maintenance through nutrition and physical activity. Fad diets are also discussed as ineffective options for long-term weight management.
Trace minerals are needed in small amounts and perform many essential functions, but toxic levels can easily be reached with supplements. Humans can meet their trace mineral needs through a variety of whole, unprocessed foods. Two important trace minerals are iron and zinc. Iron deficiency is very common and affects people of all ages, especially women and children. While zinc deficiency is less widespread, it can occur in vulnerable groups. Both minerals are involved in many metabolic processes and maintaining proper levels is important for health.
This chapter discusses energy balance and body composition. It covers the concepts of energy intake through foods and energy expenditure through basal metabolic rate and physical activity. Key points include how body weight is regulated by the balance of energy in and out, and factors that influence basal metabolic rate like age, gender, and body composition. The chapter also addresses defining healthy body weight and composition, and health risks associated with underweight and overweight such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Eating disorders in athletes and their prevention and treatment are examined as well.
The document discusses lipids including triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols. It describes the chemical structures of fatty acids and how their length, degree of saturation, and double bond location influence physical properties. Triglycerides are formed from a glycerol backbone with three fatty acids attached. Phospholipids contain phosphate and choline while sterols have a ring structure. The digestion and transport of lipids is also summarized.
The document summarizes the key aspects of digestion, absorption, and transport. It describes the anatomy and functions of the digestive tract, including the roles of muscles, secretions, and hormones in breaking down food. Absorption occurs in the small intestine, where nutrients pass through the intestinal walls. Transported nutrients are then circulated via the hepatic portal system and lymphatic vessels. Homeostasis and gut flora also help regulate the healthy functioning of the GI system. Common digestive issues like diarrhea, constipation, and ulcers are discussed.
The document provides an overview of nutrition in 3 chapters and discusses several key topics:
1) Factors that influence food choices such as preferences, habits, traditions, social interactions and more.
2) The major nutrients found in foods and the body including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water. It describes these nutrients' roles in energy production and body processes.
3) How nutrition science is conducted through various study designs using controls, sample sizes, placebos and other methods to draw conclusions and establish dietary recommendations.
Water plays a key role in the human body by maintaining homeostasis and allowing vital functions to occur. It is essential for regulating body temperature, lubricating joints, and acting as a solvent. Water balance is maintained through fluid intake and losses via urine, sweat, breath, and feces. Both inadequate water intake and excessive losses can disrupt homeostasis and cause health issues. Major and trace minerals are also important for fluid balance, bone health, and other bodily processes.
1. The document discusses chemical reactions in the body related to metabolism. Plants use photosynthesis to produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water, which humans and animals consume and break down to use as fuel.
2. Metabolic reactions take place inside cells, with catabolism breaking down nutrients to release energy and anabolism building up body compounds using that energy. Glucose, fats, and proteins are broken down through various pathways to produce energy in the form of ATP.
3. The document also discusses alcohol consumption and metabolism. Alcohol is absorbed quickly and broken down in the liver, but excessive drinking can damage liver function and lead to malnutrition by interfering with nutrient metabolism. Both short and long-term
This document discusses weight management and provides information on overweight, obesity, and underweight. It covers topics such as the definition of overweight and obesity according to BMI, causes of obesity including genetics and environment, health risks of obesity like heart disease and diabetes, and strategies for weight loss and maintenance through nutrition and physical activity. Fad diets are also discussed as ineffective options for long-term weight management.
Trace minerals are needed in small amounts and perform many essential functions, but toxic levels can easily be reached with supplements. Humans can meet their trace mineral needs through a variety of whole, unprocessed foods. Two important trace minerals are iron and zinc. Iron deficiency is very common and affects people of all ages, especially women and children. While zinc deficiency is less widespread, it can occur in vulnerable groups. Both minerals are involved in many metabolic processes and maintaining proper levels is important for health.
This chapter discusses energy balance and body composition. It covers the concepts of energy intake through foods and energy expenditure through basal metabolic rate and physical activity. Key points include how body weight is regulated by the balance of energy in and out, and factors that influence basal metabolic rate like age, gender, and body composition. The chapter also addresses defining healthy body weight and composition, and health risks associated with underweight and overweight such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Eating disorders in athletes and their prevention and treatment are examined as well.
The document discusses lipids including triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols. It describes the chemical structures of fatty acids and how their length, degree of saturation, and double bond location influence physical properties. Triglycerides are formed from a glycerol backbone with three fatty acids attached. Phospholipids contain phosphate and choline while sterols have a ring structure. The digestion and transport of lipids is also summarized.
The document summarizes the key aspects of digestion, absorption, and transport. It describes the anatomy and functions of the digestive tract, including the roles of muscles, secretions, and hormones in breaking down food. Absorption occurs in the small intestine, where nutrients pass through the intestinal walls. Transported nutrients are then circulated via the hepatic portal system and lymphatic vessels. Homeostasis and gut flora also help regulate the healthy functioning of the GI system. Common digestive issues like diarrhea, constipation, and ulcers are discussed.
The document provides an overview of nutrition in 3 chapters and discusses several key topics:
1) Factors that influence food choices such as preferences, habits, traditions, social interactions and more.
2) The major nutrients found in foods and the body including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water. It describes these nutrients' roles in energy production and body processes.
3) How nutrition science is conducted through various study designs using controls, sample sizes, placebos and other methods to draw conclusions and establish dietary recommendations.
The document provides an overview of the water-soluble vitamins, specifically the B vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12) and vitamin C. It discusses the roles, deficiencies, toxicities, food sources, and recommendations for each vitamin. Key points covered include how the B vitamins function as coenzymes in energy metabolism and cell growth/division, their involvement in important bodily processes, and the diseases that can result from deficiencies.
This chapter discusses the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. It provides information on their roles in the body, deficiency symptoms, toxicity, recommendations and major food sources. Vitamin A supports vision, cell growth and reproduction. Vitamin D aids in bone growth and calcium absorption. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and vitamin K is essential for blood clotting. Deficiencies can cause night blindness, rickets, hemorrhaging or other symptoms. Toxicity from high supplement doses may also occur.
The document discusses principles and guidelines for planning a healthy diet, including dietary adequacy, balance, calorie control, nutrient density, moderation, and variety. It covers the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and food group guides like MyPlate. Specific topics include principles of healthy eating, recommendations for food groups, nutrients of concern like fats and sodium, food labeling information, and vegetarian diets.
Calcium is essential for bone health, especially in infants. Breastfeeding provides optimal calcium, but lactating mothers can experience bone loss. The document presents a brand plan for a calcium supplement called MotherCal, positioned for lactating mothers. It highlights that MotherCal contains calcium citrate, which is better absorbed than carbonate, and also includes phosphate and vitamin D for bone health. Statistics show low rates of exclusive breastfeeding in India and need to support lactating mothers' bone health. The plan includes promotional materials to educate about breastfeeding and launch MotherCal.
Atdtiens.jalal,Tiens.com.Jalal,
Tiens Distributor Login,HomeRegisterForgot password,Tiens Group Co. Ltd.('Tiens Group'), founded in 1995 by Mr. Li Jinyuan in Tianjin, China
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Tiens.com.Jalal,
Tiens Distributor Login,HomeRegisterForgot password,Tiens Group Co. Ltd.('Tiens Group'), founded in 1995 by Mr. Li Jinyuan in Tianjin, China
Best Opp Of Jalal Ahmed Awan,TIENS Pakistan,Jalal Ahmed Tiens
This presentation discusses the calcium and vitamin D supplement Caldolin. It contains calcium carbonate which maintains calcium homeostasis and helps form bone mass. It also contains vitamin D3 which ensures calcium absorption, decreases bone resorption, and promotes bone mineralization. Caldolin is recommended as a dietary supplement for those with inadequate calcium intake, including during pregnancy, lactation, menopause, and for the aged. It can also treat calcium deficiency states like osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets. The presentation provides dosage instructions and notes possible side effects like constipation or diarrhea. It concludes with market information on leading calcium supplements in Bangladesh.
Calcium and phosphorus metabolism plays an important role in bone growth and remodeling. Calcium homeostasis is regulated by parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and calcitonin to maintain appropriate calcium levels in the blood and bones. During growth, bone is remodeled through the balanced processes of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts, which is important for shaping bones and allowing the skeleton to grow in size and strength. The proper metabolism of calcium and phosphorus is essential for orthodontic tooth movement, as it involves applying forces to teeth to stimulate bone remodeling in the alveolar bone.
This document provides an overview of carbohydrates, including classification, digestion, absorption and functions. It discusses monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, fiber and other carbohydrate types. Glycemic index and dietary fiber are explained. Diabetes, hypoglycemia and carbohydrate sources are also summarized. The key roles of insulin, glucagon and other hormones in regulating blood glucose levels are highlighted.
This document discusses the importance of calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin K2 for pregnancy nutrition. It notes that calcium is essential for fetal bone growth and development and helps reduce risks of pregnancy complications like preeclampsia. The recommended daily calcium intake increases during pregnancy. Vitamin D aids calcium absorption and vitamin K2 directs calcium to the bones. Together calcium, vitamin D and K2 support strong bones and healthy blood vessels in both mother and baby. Calcium deficiency during pregnancy can lead to issues like preeclampsia, while meeting calcium needs helps support the growth and health of both mother and fetus.
This presentation focuses on calcium intake and calcium deficiencies. Calcium is essential for building strong bones and teeth and maintaining bone density. It is also important for nerve and muscle function. The recommended daily intake varies depending on age and physiological state. Dietary sources of calcium include dairy products, leafy greens, fish, and fortified foods. Calcium balance is regulated by hormones like parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. Deficiencies can increase the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures.
Minerals are inorganic elements needed by the body for functions like building tissues, regulating fluids, and assisting in bodily processes. Major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and potassium are required in amounts greater than 100mg daily, while trace minerals such as iron, iodine, and zinc are needed in lesser amounts. The document provides details on common food sources, functions, and deficiency/toxicity symptoms for each major and trace mineral.
The document discusses nitrogen balance, which is a measure of nitrogen intake versus nitrogen loss, with a positive balance indicating more intake than loss and thus protein synthesis, a negative balance indicating more loss than intake and thus malnutrition, and equilibrium indicating equal intake and loss. It provides details on sources of nitrogen loss from the body, factors that influence nitrogen requirements, and typical protein intake recommendations to achieve a balanced nitrogen state.
This document provides information about minerals found in the human body. It discusses major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium which are required in amounts greater than 100mg per day. It also discusses trace minerals like iron, iodine, and magnesium which are required in smaller amounts less than 20mg per day. For each mineral, the document outlines its sources, absorption, functions, requirements, deficiency disorders, and treatment where relevant. The document provides an overview of the essential roles various minerals play in bone formation, soft tissue maintenance, enzyme and hormone production, and other physiological processes in the human body.
Calcium and phosphate metabolism is tightly regulated in the body. Calcium is mainly stored in bones while phosphate is found intracellularly and extracellularly. Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin control calcium and phosphate levels by impacting absorption in the gut and kidneys. An imbalance can result in hypercalcemia with symptoms like nausea and fatigue, or hypocalcemia which can cause tetany.
This slideshow is to educate people that the Best Calcium Supplement is actually Calmodulin (CaM), which is the trasporter and regulator for Calcium ions to go into the cells. Without CaM, calcium cannot be absorped into the cell which leads to calcium defiency. Serious calcium defiency will cause osteopenia and even osteoporosis. Too much of calcium causes calcification. Therefore, calcium needs to be regulated and balanced by Calmodulin.
During pregnancy and lactation, calcium requirements increase substantially to support the developing fetus and breastfeeding infant. The placenta transfers 200-300mg of calcium daily to the fetus during pregnancy, while breastmilk contains 280-400mg of calcium that is secreted daily during lactation. To meet these demands, women undergo physiological adaptations like increased intestinal calcium absorption facilitated by elevated vitamin D and intestinal calbindin levels. They also experience decreased urinary calcium excretion through effects of PTHrP and estrogen. These changes, along with calcium mobilization from maternal bones, enable women to direct calcium to the fetus and breastmilk. Low calcium intake can potentially impact fetal and infant growth and development as well as maternal bone health.
This document discusses several essential trace minerals, including iron, zinc, and selenium. It provides information on their functions, dietary sources, deficiencies, and recommended intake levels. Specifically, it notes that trace minerals play important roles as enzyme cofactors and in various metabolic processes. Good dietary sources include meat, seafood, grains, fruits and vegetables. Deficiencies can result in conditions like anemia and impaired growth. Supplementation may be necessary in some cases to prevent deficiencies.
This document discusses the role of calcium and vitamin D in reducing fracture risk. It notes that osteoporotic fractures are increasing with aging and are associated with morbidity, disability, and mortality. Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake helps maximize bone mineral density and prevents falls. The document reviews clinical trials on calcium and vitamin D supplementation for fracture prevention and concludes that daily supplementation of 800 IU of vitamin D and 1000 mg of calcium can effectively reduce fracture risk, especially in institutionalized elderly individuals. Compliance with long-term supplementation is important to maintain benefits.
Calcium is essential for many bodily functions and is mainly stored in bones. Calcium levels are tightly regulated by parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and calcitonin. Hypocalcemia can result from hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, or kidney disease and causes neuromuscular symptoms. Hypercalcemia generally comes from excessive bone resorption due to cancers or hyperparathyroidism and can lead to gastrointestinal, renal, and neurological issues.
This document discusses proteins from a chemist's perspective. It describes how proteins are made of amino acids, with 20 standard types but only 9 being essential. The unique side groups of each amino acid determine their individual properties. Protein structure and function depend on the specific amino acid sequence. Amino acids are linked through peptide bonds to form proteins. The document also covers protein digestion and roles of proteins in the body.
The document provides an overview of the water-soluble vitamins, specifically the B vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12) and vitamin C. It discusses the roles, deficiencies, toxicities, food sources, and recommendations for each vitamin. Key points covered include how the B vitamins function as coenzymes in energy metabolism and cell growth/division, their involvement in important bodily processes, and the diseases that can result from deficiencies.
This chapter discusses the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K. It provides information on their roles in the body, deficiency symptoms, toxicity, recommendations and major food sources. Vitamin A supports vision, cell growth and reproduction. Vitamin D aids in bone growth and calcium absorption. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and vitamin K is essential for blood clotting. Deficiencies can cause night blindness, rickets, hemorrhaging or other symptoms. Toxicity from high supplement doses may also occur.
The document discusses principles and guidelines for planning a healthy diet, including dietary adequacy, balance, calorie control, nutrient density, moderation, and variety. It covers the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and food group guides like MyPlate. Specific topics include principles of healthy eating, recommendations for food groups, nutrients of concern like fats and sodium, food labeling information, and vegetarian diets.
Calcium is essential for bone health, especially in infants. Breastfeeding provides optimal calcium, but lactating mothers can experience bone loss. The document presents a brand plan for a calcium supplement called MotherCal, positioned for lactating mothers. It highlights that MotherCal contains calcium citrate, which is better absorbed than carbonate, and also includes phosphate and vitamin D for bone health. Statistics show low rates of exclusive breastfeeding in India and need to support lactating mothers' bone health. The plan includes promotional materials to educate about breastfeeding and launch MotherCal.
Atdtiens.jalal,Tiens.com.Jalal,
Tiens Distributor Login,HomeRegisterForgot password,Tiens Group Co. Ltd.('Tiens Group'), founded in 1995 by Mr. Li Jinyuan in Tianjin, China
Best Opp Of Jalal Ahmed Awan,TIENS Pakistan,Jalal Ahmed Tiens
Tiens.com.Jalal,
Tiens Distributor Login,HomeRegisterForgot password,Tiens Group Co. Ltd.('Tiens Group'), founded in 1995 by Mr. Li Jinyuan in Tianjin, China
Best Opp Of Jalal Ahmed Awan,TIENS Pakistan,Jalal Ahmed Tiens
This presentation discusses the calcium and vitamin D supplement Caldolin. It contains calcium carbonate which maintains calcium homeostasis and helps form bone mass. It also contains vitamin D3 which ensures calcium absorption, decreases bone resorption, and promotes bone mineralization. Caldolin is recommended as a dietary supplement for those with inadequate calcium intake, including during pregnancy, lactation, menopause, and for the aged. It can also treat calcium deficiency states like osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and rickets. The presentation provides dosage instructions and notes possible side effects like constipation or diarrhea. It concludes with market information on leading calcium supplements in Bangladesh.
Calcium and phosphorus metabolism plays an important role in bone growth and remodeling. Calcium homeostasis is regulated by parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and calcitonin to maintain appropriate calcium levels in the blood and bones. During growth, bone is remodeled through the balanced processes of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts, which is important for shaping bones and allowing the skeleton to grow in size and strength. The proper metabolism of calcium and phosphorus is essential for orthodontic tooth movement, as it involves applying forces to teeth to stimulate bone remodeling in the alveolar bone.
This document provides an overview of carbohydrates, including classification, digestion, absorption and functions. It discusses monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides, fiber and other carbohydrate types. Glycemic index and dietary fiber are explained. Diabetes, hypoglycemia and carbohydrate sources are also summarized. The key roles of insulin, glucagon and other hormones in regulating blood glucose levels are highlighted.
This document discusses the importance of calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin K2 for pregnancy nutrition. It notes that calcium is essential for fetal bone growth and development and helps reduce risks of pregnancy complications like preeclampsia. The recommended daily calcium intake increases during pregnancy. Vitamin D aids calcium absorption and vitamin K2 directs calcium to the bones. Together calcium, vitamin D and K2 support strong bones and healthy blood vessels in both mother and baby. Calcium deficiency during pregnancy can lead to issues like preeclampsia, while meeting calcium needs helps support the growth and health of both mother and fetus.
This presentation focuses on calcium intake and calcium deficiencies. Calcium is essential for building strong bones and teeth and maintaining bone density. It is also important for nerve and muscle function. The recommended daily intake varies depending on age and physiological state. Dietary sources of calcium include dairy products, leafy greens, fish, and fortified foods. Calcium balance is regulated by hormones like parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. Deficiencies can increase the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures.
Minerals are inorganic elements needed by the body for functions like building tissues, regulating fluids, and assisting in bodily processes. Major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and potassium are required in amounts greater than 100mg daily, while trace minerals such as iron, iodine, and zinc are needed in lesser amounts. The document provides details on common food sources, functions, and deficiency/toxicity symptoms for each major and trace mineral.
The document discusses nitrogen balance, which is a measure of nitrogen intake versus nitrogen loss, with a positive balance indicating more intake than loss and thus protein synthesis, a negative balance indicating more loss than intake and thus malnutrition, and equilibrium indicating equal intake and loss. It provides details on sources of nitrogen loss from the body, factors that influence nitrogen requirements, and typical protein intake recommendations to achieve a balanced nitrogen state.
This document provides information about minerals found in the human body. It discusses major minerals like calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and potassium which are required in amounts greater than 100mg per day. It also discusses trace minerals like iron, iodine, and magnesium which are required in smaller amounts less than 20mg per day. For each mineral, the document outlines its sources, absorption, functions, requirements, deficiency disorders, and treatment where relevant. The document provides an overview of the essential roles various minerals play in bone formation, soft tissue maintenance, enzyme and hormone production, and other physiological processes in the human body.
Calcium and phosphate metabolism is tightly regulated in the body. Calcium is mainly stored in bones while phosphate is found intracellularly and extracellularly. Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin control calcium and phosphate levels by impacting absorption in the gut and kidneys. An imbalance can result in hypercalcemia with symptoms like nausea and fatigue, or hypocalcemia which can cause tetany.
This slideshow is to educate people that the Best Calcium Supplement is actually Calmodulin (CaM), which is the trasporter and regulator for Calcium ions to go into the cells. Without CaM, calcium cannot be absorped into the cell which leads to calcium defiency. Serious calcium defiency will cause osteopenia and even osteoporosis. Too much of calcium causes calcification. Therefore, calcium needs to be regulated and balanced by Calmodulin.
During pregnancy and lactation, calcium requirements increase substantially to support the developing fetus and breastfeeding infant. The placenta transfers 200-300mg of calcium daily to the fetus during pregnancy, while breastmilk contains 280-400mg of calcium that is secreted daily during lactation. To meet these demands, women undergo physiological adaptations like increased intestinal calcium absorption facilitated by elevated vitamin D and intestinal calbindin levels. They also experience decreased urinary calcium excretion through effects of PTHrP and estrogen. These changes, along with calcium mobilization from maternal bones, enable women to direct calcium to the fetus and breastmilk. Low calcium intake can potentially impact fetal and infant growth and development as well as maternal bone health.
This document discusses several essential trace minerals, including iron, zinc, and selenium. It provides information on their functions, dietary sources, deficiencies, and recommended intake levels. Specifically, it notes that trace minerals play important roles as enzyme cofactors and in various metabolic processes. Good dietary sources include meat, seafood, grains, fruits and vegetables. Deficiencies can result in conditions like anemia and impaired growth. Supplementation may be necessary in some cases to prevent deficiencies.
This document discusses the role of calcium and vitamin D in reducing fracture risk. It notes that osteoporotic fractures are increasing with aging and are associated with morbidity, disability, and mortality. Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake helps maximize bone mineral density and prevents falls. The document reviews clinical trials on calcium and vitamin D supplementation for fracture prevention and concludes that daily supplementation of 800 IU of vitamin D and 1000 mg of calcium can effectively reduce fracture risk, especially in institutionalized elderly individuals. Compliance with long-term supplementation is important to maintain benefits.
Calcium is essential for many bodily functions and is mainly stored in bones. Calcium levels are tightly regulated by parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and calcitonin. Hypocalcemia can result from hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, or kidney disease and causes neuromuscular symptoms. Hypercalcemia generally comes from excessive bone resorption due to cancers or hyperparathyroidism and can lead to gastrointestinal, renal, and neurological issues.
This document discusses proteins from a chemist's perspective. It describes how proteins are made of amino acids, with 20 standard types but only 9 being essential. The unique side groups of each amino acid determine their individual properties. Protein structure and function depend on the specific amino acid sequence. Amino acids are linked through peptide bonds to form proteins. The document also covers protein digestion and roles of proteins in the body.
The document discusses proteins and amino acids. It defines proteins as molecules that contain amino acids and are necessary for life. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and can be essential, non-essential, or conditionally essential depending on whether the human body can synthesize them. The document outlines protein digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract as well as protein synthesis within cells. It also describes several important roles of proteins such as enzyme catalysis, structure, transport, immunity, and energy storage.
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Proteins are polymers of amino acids that play essential roles in living organisms. They have complex structures ranging from primary to quaternary levels defined by amino acid sequences and folding patterns. Major classes of proteins include simple proteins like albumins and globulins, conjugated proteins with attached groups like glycoproteins, and derived proteins from digestion. Proteins are critical for structures, chemical processes, oxygen transport, and heredity through roles as enzymes, hemoglobin, nucleoproteins, and more. They are thus vital molecules for life.
Nutrition micro nutrient that determined Proteinsamuelmerga3
This document discusses proteins and amino acids. It defines proteins as molecules composed of amino acids that are necessary for life. There are essential amino acids that must be obtained from food, and nonessential amino acids that the body can produce. The roles of proteins include being building blocks, enzymes, hormones, and parts of antibodies. Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion and reassembled during protein synthesis.
protein metabolism
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ABSALON_BioChem_Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism.pptxZeref77
Proteins are complex biological molecules composed of amino acids. The body breaks down ingested proteins into individual amino acids, which can then be used to synthesize new proteins or metabolized for energy. Amino acid metabolism involves pathways that classify amino acids as either glucogenic, producing glucose, or ketogenic, producing ketone bodies. Enzymes play an important role in catalyzing the synthesis and breakdown of amino acids, and disorders can occur if these enzymatic pathways are disrupted.
Proteins are made up of amino acids and perform many essential functions in the body. They serve as structural materials, forming parts of tissues and providing strength. Proteins also act as enzymes, catalyzing biochemical reactions and allowing processes like digestion. Additionally, proteins function as regulators through roles like transporting molecules, balancing fluids, and stimulating growth via hormones. The document discusses how the 20 amino acids are used to build proteins through DNA transcription and translation, and how dietary protein intake influences protein synthesis and breakdown in the body.
Proteins are polymers of amino acids that perform essential functions in living organisms. They can be classified as simple, conjugated, or derived proteins based on their structure and components. Simple proteins like albumins and globulins are made of amino acids alone, while conjugated proteins also contain non-protein elements like nucleic acids or carbohydrates. Proteins have primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of structure that determine their shape and function. They are found in all tissues and play critical roles including structure, movement, digestion, energy storage, and heredity.
Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids and are essential to many bodily functions. Amino acids link together through peptide bonds and proteins fold into complex three-dimensional shapes that determine their specific roles. Both insufficient and excessive protein intake can be harmful, so a balanced diet containing moderate protein is recommended.
Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids and are essential to many bodily functions. Amino acids link together through peptide bonds and proteins fold into complex three-dimensional shapes that determine their specific roles. Both insufficient and excessive protein intake can be harmful, so a balanced diet containing moderate protein is recommended.
1) Amino acids are used primarily for protein synthesis rather than as an energy source. They can be used for energy only when carbohydrate and lipid availability is low.
2) Amino acids enter the body through digestion of proteins and are used for protein synthesis, specialized non-protein product synthesis, and as an energy source.
3) Excess amino acids are deaminated, producing ammonia which is converted to urea to prevent toxicity. Urea is synthesized in the liver through the urea cycle and excreted by the kidneys.
1. Amino acids are obtained from digestion of dietary proteins, breakdown of body proteins, endogenous synthesis, and are used for synthesis of body proteins, non-protein specialized products, and as an energy source.
2. Amino acids are broken down into ammonia and carbon skeletons. Ammonia is converted to urea in the urea cycle to prevent toxicity, while carbon skeletons can be used for gluconeogenesis or ketogenesis.
3. Some amino acids are essential in the diet while others can be synthesized endogenously. Disorders of amino acid metabolism can occur if enzymes are deficient, leading to accumulation of intermediates.
Proteins micronutrients in clinical officersEnockKizito1
Proteins have many essential roles and functions in the body. They act as building blocks for growth and tissue repair. Structural proteins like collagen provide structure, while transport proteins carry nutrients and waste. Proteins regulate fluid balance and pH. They defend the body as antibodies and act as enzymes to catalyze reactions. During times of stress, proteins are broken down to provide energy or glucose. Proteins are essential for all cell and body functions.
1. Protein is composed of amino acids connected by peptide bonds and folded into complex three-dimensional structures essential for life.
2. Proteins are classified based on structure and function, with globular proteins being spherical and soluble while fibrous proteins are linear and insoluble, performing structural roles.
3. Sufficient protein intake is important for growth, tissue maintenance, and bodily functions but deficiency can cause conditions like kwashiorkor while excess has been linked to issues like kidney damage and increased cancer risk.
Proteins are polymers of amino acids that play essential roles in the structure and function of living organisms. They can be classified as simple, conjugated, or derived proteins based on their composition. Proteins have complex structures including primary, secondary, tertiary, and sometimes quaternary structures defined by the sequence and folding of polypeptide chains. Important proteins serve as enzymes, antibodies, hormones, and components of tissues and organs. They are crucial for growth, repair, and maintenance of the human body.
This presentation discusses proteins and their functions. It defines proteins as nitrogenous compounds made of amino acids. Proteins perform many crucial functions in the body including growth, enzyme production, transport, defense, and maintenance of acid-base balance. The presentation covers protein structure, classification, sources, digestion and absorption. It emphasizes the importance of consuming complete proteins from both plant and animal sources to meet nutritional needs. Recommended daily intakes vary by age, gender and physiological state. Maintaining positive nitrogen balance is also discussed.
This document discusses proteins, including their structure and types. It notes that proteins are polymers of amino acids, and can have primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of structure. Proteins are classified as simple proteins that yield a single amino acid, or conjugated proteins that also yield non-protein groups. Derived proteins result from further breakdown of simple and conjugated proteins. The document outlines various examples of protein types and discusses their properties and importance in biological functions like structure, catalysis, oxygen transport, and uses in industry.
This document summarizes protein digestion, absorption, and excretion in the human body. It describes how proteins are broken down mechanically and chemically in the mouth, stomach and small intestine through the actions of enzymes. The end products of digestion - amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides - are then absorbed in the small intestine through active transport and carrier proteins. Most absorbed amino acids are transported to the liver, where they are used for protein synthesis, generating glucose or urea, which is excreted in urine. Some diseases can impact protein digestion and absorption if enzymes are damaged or transport processes are impaired.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
This presentation provides valuable insights into effective cost-saving techniques on AWS. Learn how to optimize your AWS resources by rightsizing, increasing elasticity, picking the right storage class, and choosing the best pricing model. Additionally, discover essential governance mechanisms to ensure continuous cost efficiency. Whether you are new to AWS or an experienced user, this presentation provides clear and practical tips to help you reduce your cloud costs and get the most out of your budget.