The document summarizes the process of digestion, absorption, and transport in the human body. It describes the basic anatomy and functions of the gastrointestinal tract, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and associated organs. Key stages and components of digestion are outlined, such as mechanical and chemical breakdown of food, roles of saliva, gastric juices, bile and pancreatic juices. Absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine, aided by microvilli and capillaries. Absorbed nutrients are then transported via the circulatory and lymphatic systems to cells. Homeostasis and regulation of digestion is achieved through hormones like gastrin and secretin. Some common digestive issues are also mentioned

1. Digestion, Absorption and Transport BIOL310-Nurtition

2. Digestion Basic anatomy of the GI tract mouth  esophagus  stomach  small intestine  large intestine  rectum  anus lumen

3. GI Tract Anatomy

4. Digestion Mouth Tongue Teeth Mastication Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

5. The Teeth Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

6. Digestion Pharynx Epiglottis Esophagus Esophageal sphincters Bolus Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

7. Digestion Stomach Chyme Pyloric sphincter Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

8. Digestion Small intestine Duodenum Jejunum Ileum Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

9. Digestion Gallbladder Pancreas Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

10. Digestion Large intestine = colon Ileocecal valve Appendix Rectum Anus Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

11. Muscular Action of Digestion Peristalsis Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

12. Peristalsis & Segmentation

13. Muscular Action of Digestion Stomach action Segmentation Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

14. Muscular Action of Digestion Sphincter contractions Reflux Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

15. Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

16. Secretions of Digestion Catalysts Hydrolysis Digestive enzymes Saliva Salivary glands Water, salts, mucus, enzymes

17. Secretions of Digestion Stomach Gastric juice Gastric glands Water, enzymes, hydrochloric acid (HCl)

18. Secretions of Digestion Stomach Goblet cells Mucus Pancreas Pancreatic juice Enzymes, bicarbonate

19. Secretions of Digestion Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

20. Secretions of Digestion Liver Bile Emulsifier Gallbladder

21. Secretions of Digestion Protective factors Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

22. The Final Stage Stools Colon Fermentation of undigested residues Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

24. Digestion of a Sandwich

25. Digestion of a Sandwich Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

26. Absorption

27. Absorption in the Small Intestine Villi Microvilli Capillaries and lacteals Chylomicrons Crypts Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

28. The Small Intestinal Villi

29. The Small Intestinal Villi, cont’d Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

30. Circulatory Systems Vascular system Heart Arteries Capillaries Veins Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

32. Circulatory Systems Vascular system Portal vein Hepatic vein Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

33. The Liver

34. Circulatory Systems Lymphatic system Lymph Thoracic duct Subclavian vein Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

35. Regulation Homeostasis Hormones Gastrin Secretin Cholecystokinin = CCK Gastric-inhibitory peptide = GIP Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

36. Digestive Problems Choking Trachea Larynx Heimlich maneuver Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

37. Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

38. Digestive Problems Vomiting Diarrhea Irritable bowel syndrome Constipation Hemorrhoids Diverticula Diverticulosis Diverticulitis

39. Diverticula in the Colon

40. Digestive Problems Belching Gas Hiccups Heartburn = gastroesophageal reflux Antacids and acid controllers Indigestion

41. Digestive Problems Ulcers Peptic ulcer Helicobactor pylorii infection Use of certain anti-inflammatory drugs Disorders that cause excessive acid secretion Copyright 2005 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning

42. Strategies for GI Problems

44. Questions or Thoughts? If you have any questions or thoughts please feel free to post them to the discussion board or e-mail your instructor.