The document summarizes a chapter from an American politics textbook about interest groups. It defines interest groups as organizations that aim to influence policy through electioneering and lobbying. It discusses different types of interest groups and how they are organized. It also outlines strategies interest groups use to influence policymakers, such as direct lobbying, drafting legislation, and shaping public opinion. Additionally, it examines challenges interest groups face in overcoming collective action problems and getting members to participate.
This document contains lecture slides about political parties in American politics from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses the history and evolution of political parties, how they organize, their roles in elections and governance, and public opinions about parties. Key points covered include the formation of the first parties, different American party systems, and increasing polarization between the Republican and Democratic parties in recent decades.
This document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics and public opinion. It discusses key topics around public opinion, including what public opinion is, how it is measured through polls and surveys, how opinions are formed through socialization and groups, and how public opinion can influence government policymaking. It also includes sample poll questions and additional slides with figures and photos illustrating public opinion on issues like the economy, immigration, and terrorism.
This document contains lecture slides about American foreign policy from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses key topics in foreign policy including its history, principles, makers and tools. The history section outlines America's shift from isolationism to internationalism following World War I and II. It also examines periods like the Cold War and modern terrorism. The document analyzes the roles of the executive branch, Congress, courts and interest groups in shaping foreign policy. It concludes by detailing diplomatic, economic, military and alliance-based tools used to achieve foreign policy goals.
The document contains lecture slides from the textbook "American Politics Today" covering the topic of elections in the United States. It discusses the functions of elections, the primary and general election process, how congressional and presidential elections are determined, campaign fundamentals like fundraising and advertising, and conclusions from the 2016 election. Public opinion poll questions are also included at the end.
This document discusses interest groups and their role in influencing public policy. It defines interest groups as private organizations that work to shape policy on issues their members care about. It compares interest groups to political parties, noting they differ in how they make nominations, their primary focus, and scope of interests. The document also outlines how interest groups try to influence policy through lobbying legislators, campaign contributions, and grassroots advocacy. It discusses both benefits of interest groups in political participation and potential criticisms around disproportionate influence.
This document discusses interest groups and their role in influencing public policy. It describes how interest groups use propaganda and lobbying to shape policy outcomes. Interest groups influence public opinion, political parties and elections, and the legislative process. They differ from political parties in their functions and scope. While interest groups can provide valuable information and representation, some criticisms are that they may not truly represent their members or can wield disproportionate influence.
The document is a chapter from a textbook about American politics and Congress. It discusses Congress's role in the US constitutional system, including its bicameral structure with two-year terms for the House and six-year terms for the Senate. It also covers the increasing diversity of Congress, the motivations of reelection that influence members' behavior, and the formal structures of parties, committees, and leadership that impact lawmaking.
This document contains lecture slides about political parties in American politics from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses the history and evolution of political parties, how they organize, their roles in elections and governance, and public opinions about parties. Key points covered include the formation of the first parties, different American party systems, and increasing polarization between the Republican and Democratic parties in recent decades.
This document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics and public opinion. It discusses key topics around public opinion, including what public opinion is, how it is measured through polls and surveys, how opinions are formed through socialization and groups, and how public opinion can influence government policymaking. It also includes sample poll questions and additional slides with figures and photos illustrating public opinion on issues like the economy, immigration, and terrorism.
This document contains lecture slides about American foreign policy from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses key topics in foreign policy including its history, principles, makers and tools. The history section outlines America's shift from isolationism to internationalism following World War I and II. It also examines periods like the Cold War and modern terrorism. The document analyzes the roles of the executive branch, Congress, courts and interest groups in shaping foreign policy. It concludes by detailing diplomatic, economic, military and alliance-based tools used to achieve foreign policy goals.
The document contains lecture slides from the textbook "American Politics Today" covering the topic of elections in the United States. It discusses the functions of elections, the primary and general election process, how congressional and presidential elections are determined, campaign fundamentals like fundraising and advertising, and conclusions from the 2016 election. Public opinion poll questions are also included at the end.
This document discusses interest groups and their role in influencing public policy. It defines interest groups as private organizations that work to shape policy on issues their members care about. It compares interest groups to political parties, noting they differ in how they make nominations, their primary focus, and scope of interests. The document also outlines how interest groups try to influence policy through lobbying legislators, campaign contributions, and grassroots advocacy. It discusses both benefits of interest groups in political participation and potential criticisms around disproportionate influence.
This document discusses interest groups and their role in influencing public policy. It describes how interest groups use propaganda and lobbying to shape policy outcomes. Interest groups influence public opinion, political parties and elections, and the legislative process. They differ from political parties in their functions and scope. While interest groups can provide valuable information and representation, some criticisms are that they may not truly represent their members or can wield disproportionate influence.
The document is a chapter from a textbook about American politics and Congress. It discusses Congress's role in the US constitutional system, including its bicameral structure with two-year terms for the House and six-year terms for the Senate. It also covers the increasing diversity of Congress, the motivations of reelection that influence members' behavior, and the formal structures of parties, committees, and leadership that impact lawmaking.
The document appears to be a collection of lecture slides from the textbook "American Politics Today, Fifth Edition" which covers various topics related to American politics such as understanding politics, sources of conflict, the political process, public opinion, and ideology. The slides include definitions, figures, polls, and captions but the overarching topic is introducing concepts about the US political system, conflict in American politics, and political participation.
The document is a set of lecture slides about the federal bureaucracy from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses the functions and makeup of the federal bureaucracy, how regulations are developed, and influences on bureaucratic rule making. It also covers expertise and criticism of bureaucracies, oversight and control of bureaucracies, and the history of the American bureaucracy from the Progressive Era to modern reforms. Public opinion on bureaucracies and hypothetical poll questions are also presented.
The document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics discussing the role of media in politics. It covers several topics: the different types of news media and their role as watchdogs; the rise of technology and regulation of broadcast media; the emergence of conglomerates and internet sources; how politicians use media and demands on reporters; and the effects of media on public perceptions through filtering, framing and priming. It also includes sample poll questions and additional slides with images.
The document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics discussing the role of media in politics. It covers several topics: the different types of news media and their role as watchdogs; the rise of technology and regulation of broadcast media; the emergence of conglomerates and internet sources; how politicians use media and demands on reporters; and the effects of media on public perceptions through filtering, framing and priming. It also includes sample poll questions and additional slides with images.
The document summarizes a chapter from the textbook "American Politics Today" about social policy in the United States. It discusses the history of social policy beginning with the New Deal era and the expansion of programs like Social Security. It also examines current key social policies and debates, including Social Security and its long-term funding challenges, the Affordable Care Act and debates around health care reform, and anti-poverty programs like welfare, Medicaid and food assistance. Public opinion on issues of equality of opportunity, the role of government, and specific social programs is also reviewed.
The document appears to be from lecture slides on the topic of federalism from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses key concepts of federalism such as the division of power between national and state governments. It also examines how the balance of power has changed over time, with the national government taking on a larger role compared to the original intent of the Constitution. Various models of federalism are presented, and the implications of the division of power are debated. Public opinion data is also included on perspectives about federalism.
Interest groups are organizations that represent shared policy goals and try to influence the policy process. They pursue their goals through lobbying, gaining access to decision makers, litigation, and going public to mobilize support. There are many theories that explain interest group influence, including pluralism, which argues groups compete democratically, and elite theory, which claims a powerful upper class rules. Successful interest groups are small to avoid free rider problems, focus on intense issues, and have financial resources to access politicians. They use propaganda techniques like plain folks, transfer, and bandwagon appeals to shape public opinion.
The document appears to be a collection of lecture slides about the Constitution and founding of the United States from a textbook. It discusses the framers of the Constitution, the political theories that influenced them, compromises made at the Constitutional Convention between large and small states and slave and non-slave states. It also summarizes the system of checks and balances established and ambiguity in some areas that has led to debate over interpretations of Constitutional powers and amendments over time. Public opinion poll questions are also included about views on the founding principles, process for amending the Constitution, and how founders would view today's government.
This document discusses interest groups and their influence on government. It defines interest groups as collections of people who share common interests and seek to influence policy. Interest groups employ lobbying tactics to achieve their goals. The document also discusses different types of interest groups including economic, ideological, public interest groups and those focused on foreign policy. It outlines various techniques interest groups use to exert influence, including publicity, direct contact with government, litigation and campaign contributions. The document provides context on the role of lobbyists and money in politics including PAC contributions to candidates over time.
American Government - Chapter 8 - Interest Groupscyruskarimian
The document discusses interest groups in America. It defines an interest group as a formally organized association that seeks to influence public policy on issues that reflect the diverse interests in society. Interest groups have grown substantially since the early 1800s and include diverse organizations such as corporations, labor unions, civil rights groups, and professional associations that maintain a presence in Washington. While business interests are well represented, many interests at the bottom of the economic spectrum have minimal representation. Interest groups employ various strategies and tactics to influence policymaking, including lobbying elected officials, mobilizing public support, and in some cases litigation.
The document appears to be a set of lecture slides from a textbook on American politics and civil liberties. It covers several key topics related to civil liberties in the US Constitution, including freedom of religion, freedom of speech, search and seizure, due process, and privacy rights. It also includes sample public opinion poll questions on issues related to balancing civil liberties and national security. In addition to the text, there are some supplementary photos, figures, and captions included from the textbook.
The document contains lecture slides about economic policy from the textbook "American Politics Today, Fifth Edition." It discusses the goals of economic policy, including full employment, stable prices, economic growth, balanced budgets, and balanced trade. It also outlines the key players that influence economic policy, such as Congress, the President, the Federal Reserve, and the Treasury Department. Additionally, it covers different tools and theories of economic policy, including fiscal policy, monetary policy, regulation, trade policy, and different economic schools of thought. Public opinion polls on economic issues are also presented.
The document provides an agenda for a lesson on interest groups that includes defining what interest groups are, how they are formed, and how to make one. It discusses that interest groups are organizations that try to influence government on issues they care about and includes examples like the NRA, MADD, and AARP. The document contrasts interest groups with political parties by explaining that interest groups focus on few issues while parties try to gain majority support and nominate candidates. It also notes how interest groups impact politics through fundraising, media campaigns, and contributions to politicians.
Chad Ramsey is a legislative and public affairs director with over 18 years of experience in advocacy, lobbying, and political strategy. He has managed legislative campaigns and teams at the National Marrow Donor Program and Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. His experience includes bill drafting, grassroots organizing, media relations, coalition building, and testifying before legislatures. He has a Master's in Public Administration and Bachelor's degree in English and Political Science.
The document summarizes the history of political parties in Texas from Reconstruction to present day. It describes how the Democratic party dominated Texas politics for over 130 years after the Civil War, but then began declining in the mid-20th century as the Republican party gained popularity, especially among suburban and middle class voters. By the 1990s and 2000s, the Republican party had risen to power in Texas, controlling all statewide offices and the state legislature. More recently, the Tea Party movement further pushed the Republican party to adopt more conservative positions.
The document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics discussing the role and powers of the American presidency. It outlines the president's constitutional responsibilities as head of the executive branch and commander-in-chief, as well as unilateral powers like executive orders. It also discusses how presidential power has expanded in practice beyond its constitutional grants, through the growth of the federal government and the use of executive privilege. Congress acts to check presidential power through legislation and oversight of the military and foreign policy.
This document provides an analysis of the 1993 documentary film "The War Room" by D.A. Pennebaker. It discusses how the film uses editing techniques like cutting between sides of phone conversations to show the interconnected nature of communication within a political campaign. It also contrasts scenes of strategists debating details with the polished final outputs, revealing the intentional work behind constructing a public narrative and image. The analysis argues the film lays bare the hidden layers of communication and shows viewers the tactical brilliance of the campaign staff through Pennebaker's filmmaking choices.
Texas Government Ch 6 - Special Interests Fall 2019John Seymour
This document provides an overview of interest groups and lobbying in Texas politics. It discusses theories of how interest groups operate, reasons individuals join groups, types of interest groups, activities groups engage in like lobbying and elections, and oversight of interest group activities through agencies like the Texas Ethics Commission. Scandals have led to reforms to increase transparency of interest group finances and activities.
This document provides an overview of interest groups and lobbying in American politics. It begins by explaining the role of interest groups and social movements, then categorizes interest groups into types such as economic, ideological, public interest, and others. It discusses the characteristics and sources of power for interest groups, including their size, resources, cohesiveness, and leadership. The document outlines techniques interest groups use to influence policy, such as publicity, direct contact with government, litigation, protests, and political contributions. It also describes the role of lobbyists in representing interest groups and influencing public officials and policies.
This document provides an overview of government affairs training for chamber executives. It discusses the importance of being involved in government affairs to advocate for business interests. It outlines obstacles to advocacy and provides tips to overcome them. The document then presents a four step process to build a successful government affairs program: 1) identify priority issues, 2) spread the word to members, officials and the community, 3) develop a grassroots network, and 4) follow up and ensure accountability. Specific tactics are provided for each step, such as surveying members, informing officials of policy stances, and developing a legislative scorecard.
This document discusses a lesson on presidential introductions that is split into 5 parts. It asks how the lyrics of the song "Fortunate Son" relate to the American presidency and what the overall message of the songwriter is. The lesson aims to introduce students to concepts around the US presidency.
This document discusses fiscal policy and the multiplier effect through a series of scenarios. It explains that an increase in spending, such as from government spending or tax cuts, can have a multiplier effect as that new spending becomes income for others and continues circulating. However, increased government borrowing to fund spending can raise interest rates and "crowd out" private investment. It also discusses how fiscal policy tools like tax increases can combat inflation by reducing aggregate demand.
The document appears to be a collection of lecture slides from the textbook "American Politics Today, Fifth Edition" which covers various topics related to American politics such as understanding politics, sources of conflict, the political process, public opinion, and ideology. The slides include definitions, figures, polls, and captions but the overarching topic is introducing concepts about the US political system, conflict in American politics, and political participation.
The document is a set of lecture slides about the federal bureaucracy from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses the functions and makeup of the federal bureaucracy, how regulations are developed, and influences on bureaucratic rule making. It also covers expertise and criticism of bureaucracies, oversight and control of bureaucracies, and the history of the American bureaucracy from the Progressive Era to modern reforms. Public opinion on bureaucracies and hypothetical poll questions are also presented.
The document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics discussing the role of media in politics. It covers several topics: the different types of news media and their role as watchdogs; the rise of technology and regulation of broadcast media; the emergence of conglomerates and internet sources; how politicians use media and demands on reporters; and the effects of media on public perceptions through filtering, framing and priming. It also includes sample poll questions and additional slides with images.
The document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics discussing the role of media in politics. It covers several topics: the different types of news media and their role as watchdogs; the rise of technology and regulation of broadcast media; the emergence of conglomerates and internet sources; how politicians use media and demands on reporters; and the effects of media on public perceptions through filtering, framing and priming. It also includes sample poll questions and additional slides with images.
The document summarizes a chapter from the textbook "American Politics Today" about social policy in the United States. It discusses the history of social policy beginning with the New Deal era and the expansion of programs like Social Security. It also examines current key social policies and debates, including Social Security and its long-term funding challenges, the Affordable Care Act and debates around health care reform, and anti-poverty programs like welfare, Medicaid and food assistance. Public opinion on issues of equality of opportunity, the role of government, and specific social programs is also reviewed.
The document appears to be from lecture slides on the topic of federalism from the textbook "American Politics Today". It discusses key concepts of federalism such as the division of power between national and state governments. It also examines how the balance of power has changed over time, with the national government taking on a larger role compared to the original intent of the Constitution. Various models of federalism are presented, and the implications of the division of power are debated. Public opinion data is also included on perspectives about federalism.
Interest groups are organizations that represent shared policy goals and try to influence the policy process. They pursue their goals through lobbying, gaining access to decision makers, litigation, and going public to mobilize support. There are many theories that explain interest group influence, including pluralism, which argues groups compete democratically, and elite theory, which claims a powerful upper class rules. Successful interest groups are small to avoid free rider problems, focus on intense issues, and have financial resources to access politicians. They use propaganda techniques like plain folks, transfer, and bandwagon appeals to shape public opinion.
The document appears to be a collection of lecture slides about the Constitution and founding of the United States from a textbook. It discusses the framers of the Constitution, the political theories that influenced them, compromises made at the Constitutional Convention between large and small states and slave and non-slave states. It also summarizes the system of checks and balances established and ambiguity in some areas that has led to debate over interpretations of Constitutional powers and amendments over time. Public opinion poll questions are also included about views on the founding principles, process for amending the Constitution, and how founders would view today's government.
This document discusses interest groups and their influence on government. It defines interest groups as collections of people who share common interests and seek to influence policy. Interest groups employ lobbying tactics to achieve their goals. The document also discusses different types of interest groups including economic, ideological, public interest groups and those focused on foreign policy. It outlines various techniques interest groups use to exert influence, including publicity, direct contact with government, litigation and campaign contributions. The document provides context on the role of lobbyists and money in politics including PAC contributions to candidates over time.
American Government - Chapter 8 - Interest Groupscyruskarimian
The document discusses interest groups in America. It defines an interest group as a formally organized association that seeks to influence public policy on issues that reflect the diverse interests in society. Interest groups have grown substantially since the early 1800s and include diverse organizations such as corporations, labor unions, civil rights groups, and professional associations that maintain a presence in Washington. While business interests are well represented, many interests at the bottom of the economic spectrum have minimal representation. Interest groups employ various strategies and tactics to influence policymaking, including lobbying elected officials, mobilizing public support, and in some cases litigation.
The document appears to be a set of lecture slides from a textbook on American politics and civil liberties. It covers several key topics related to civil liberties in the US Constitution, including freedom of religion, freedom of speech, search and seizure, due process, and privacy rights. It also includes sample public opinion poll questions on issues related to balancing civil liberties and national security. In addition to the text, there are some supplementary photos, figures, and captions included from the textbook.
The document contains lecture slides about economic policy from the textbook "American Politics Today, Fifth Edition." It discusses the goals of economic policy, including full employment, stable prices, economic growth, balanced budgets, and balanced trade. It also outlines the key players that influence economic policy, such as Congress, the President, the Federal Reserve, and the Treasury Department. Additionally, it covers different tools and theories of economic policy, including fiscal policy, monetary policy, regulation, trade policy, and different economic schools of thought. Public opinion polls on economic issues are also presented.
The document provides an agenda for a lesson on interest groups that includes defining what interest groups are, how they are formed, and how to make one. It discusses that interest groups are organizations that try to influence government on issues they care about and includes examples like the NRA, MADD, and AARP. The document contrasts interest groups with political parties by explaining that interest groups focus on few issues while parties try to gain majority support and nominate candidates. It also notes how interest groups impact politics through fundraising, media campaigns, and contributions to politicians.
Chad Ramsey is a legislative and public affairs director with over 18 years of experience in advocacy, lobbying, and political strategy. He has managed legislative campaigns and teams at the National Marrow Donor Program and Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. His experience includes bill drafting, grassroots organizing, media relations, coalition building, and testifying before legislatures. He has a Master's in Public Administration and Bachelor's degree in English and Political Science.
The document summarizes the history of political parties in Texas from Reconstruction to present day. It describes how the Democratic party dominated Texas politics for over 130 years after the Civil War, but then began declining in the mid-20th century as the Republican party gained popularity, especially among suburban and middle class voters. By the 1990s and 2000s, the Republican party had risen to power in Texas, controlling all statewide offices and the state legislature. More recently, the Tea Party movement further pushed the Republican party to adopt more conservative positions.
The document contains lecture slides from a textbook on American politics discussing the role and powers of the American presidency. It outlines the president's constitutional responsibilities as head of the executive branch and commander-in-chief, as well as unilateral powers like executive orders. It also discusses how presidential power has expanded in practice beyond its constitutional grants, through the growth of the federal government and the use of executive privilege. Congress acts to check presidential power through legislation and oversight of the military and foreign policy.
This document provides an analysis of the 1993 documentary film "The War Room" by D.A. Pennebaker. It discusses how the film uses editing techniques like cutting between sides of phone conversations to show the interconnected nature of communication within a political campaign. It also contrasts scenes of strategists debating details with the polished final outputs, revealing the intentional work behind constructing a public narrative and image. The analysis argues the film lays bare the hidden layers of communication and shows viewers the tactical brilliance of the campaign staff through Pennebaker's filmmaking choices.
Texas Government Ch 6 - Special Interests Fall 2019John Seymour
This document provides an overview of interest groups and lobbying in Texas politics. It discusses theories of how interest groups operate, reasons individuals join groups, types of interest groups, activities groups engage in like lobbying and elections, and oversight of interest group activities through agencies like the Texas Ethics Commission. Scandals have led to reforms to increase transparency of interest group finances and activities.
This document provides an overview of interest groups and lobbying in American politics. It begins by explaining the role of interest groups and social movements, then categorizes interest groups into types such as economic, ideological, public interest, and others. It discusses the characteristics and sources of power for interest groups, including their size, resources, cohesiveness, and leadership. The document outlines techniques interest groups use to influence policy, such as publicity, direct contact with government, litigation, protests, and political contributions. It also describes the role of lobbyists in representing interest groups and influencing public officials and policies.
This document provides an overview of government affairs training for chamber executives. It discusses the importance of being involved in government affairs to advocate for business interests. It outlines obstacles to advocacy and provides tips to overcome them. The document then presents a four step process to build a successful government affairs program: 1) identify priority issues, 2) spread the word to members, officials and the community, 3) develop a grassroots network, and 4) follow up and ensure accountability. Specific tactics are provided for each step, such as surveying members, informing officials of policy stances, and developing a legislative scorecard.
This document discusses a lesson on presidential introductions that is split into 5 parts. It asks how the lyrics of the song "Fortunate Son" relate to the American presidency and what the overall message of the songwriter is. The lesson aims to introduce students to concepts around the US presidency.
This document discusses fiscal policy and the multiplier effect through a series of scenarios. It explains that an increase in spending, such as from government spending or tax cuts, can have a multiplier effect as that new spending becomes income for others and continues circulating. However, increased government borrowing to fund spending can raise interest rates and "crowd out" private investment. It also discusses how fiscal policy tools like tax increases can combat inflation by reducing aggregate demand.
This document appears to be a lesson on the concept of sovereign states. It includes definitions and examples related to the four key features that define a sovereign state: a permanent population, defined territory, government, and sovereignty. It discusses topics like what makes a country a country, the roles of government, and features of a state's population and territory. The lesson uses questions, diagrams, and activities to engage students in understanding the concept of sovereign states.
The document contains certificates from the 2021 session of the HHS E-Congress certifying that 12 bills authored by students passed in the House of Representatives. The bills cover topics including minor consent to vaccines, humane disciplinary acts, increased funding for opportunities, renewable energy incorporation, teacher salary accommodation, reduction and prevention of homelessness, job programs to combat homelessness, nectar bearing flower's tax credit, and fixing the system. All bills were sponsored by the Youth Leadership Initiative.
The document appears to be a series of slides from an AP review lesson on day 2. It covers various topics related to US constitutional law and Supreme Court cases, including discussions of enumerated vs implied powers, the impact of key cases like McCulloch v. Maryland and Marbury v. Madison, and comparisons of different court cases. It also includes brief quizzes on required court cases and foundational documents like the Articles of Confederation.
The document appears to be a 14-page lesson on the 2nd Amendment and firearm regulation in the United States. It presents 4 proposals related to gun laws and asks the reader to state if they would personally support each proposal and if the Supreme Court would find it constitutional, explaining their reasoning for both. The proposals relate to restrictions on carrying handguns in public, banning high-capacity magazines, restricting gun ownership for those living with felons, and limiting the rate of fire for certain weapons.
This document provides an overview of Unit 3 in AP Government, which covers civil liberties and civil rights. It notes that the unit will include 2 chapters, 9 court cases, and 1 required document. It also provides test dates and formats for the AP exam in May, with the paper and pencil exam on May 3 at the student's high school, and the digital exam from home on May 20. The document indicates civil liberties are rooted in the Bill of Rights and protect individuals from government overreach, while civil rights rely on the 14th Amendment and protect individuals from discrimination.
The document discusses the Supreme Court nomination process. It explains that the President nominates Supreme Court justices and the Senate holds confirmation hearings and votes on whether to approve the nomination. It also discusses different judicial philosophies that influence a President's selection of nominees and how the nomination and confirmation process allows the executive and legislative branches to check the judicial branch.
This document appears to be a series of slides from an online lesson about the executive branch of the US government and bureaucracy. It includes definitions of key terms, examples of executive agencies and their roles, quizzes and discussion questions about regulations and enforcement. The goal seems to be helping students understand the large network of departments, agencies, and roles within the executive branch.
This document is a 30-page lesson on the legislative process. It includes sections on when a congressman might act as a delegate or trustee, an open-ended question, a Schoolhouse Rock video, another open-ended question on why so few bills become law, and a quiz on the legislative process. The lesson covers the typical steps bills go through in Congress, from introduction to committee work to floor debates to the president.
This document appears to be a 31-slide lesson on how Congress works. It includes slides with text, questions for students to answer, and political cartoons. The slides cover topics like the composition of Congress, differences between the House and Senate, the role of party leadership and committees, and the legislative process. The goal seems to be to educate students on the structure and functions of the U.S. Congress.
The document is a lesson about the peaceful transfer of power in the US presidency. It includes sections on Ronald Reagan's 1981 inaugural address, where he notes that the regular transfer of power through elections seems miraculous globally. It asks how cooperation in transitions safeguards the American Republic. Learners are prompted to explain why transitions illustrate the success of the US experiment or are important domestically and internationally.
This document appears to be a lesson plan on the role of media. It includes links to various news articles and videos. The lesson discusses how different types of media outlets have different agendas that influence which stories they choose to cover. It also addresses how commercial news sources make money through advertising and aim to attract audiences. The lesson quizzes students on these concepts and asks them to reflect on questions about media influence and setting the public agenda.
This document is a 50-page lesson on interest groups. It includes definitions of interest groups, examples of different types of interest groups like the Sierra Club and AARP, activities they engage in like lobbying and donating money, and quizzes about interest groups. The lesson explains how interest groups try to influence public policy and elections by informing the public, endorsing political candidates, and lobbying the government.
This document is a 38-page lesson on the connection between money and politics. It includes a Pink Floyd music video, discussion questions, explanations of terms like interest groups, political action committees (PACs), and super PACs. It also discusses how these groups can raise and spend unlimited sums to influence elections, and covers the Supreme Court's Citizens United decision that deregulated campaign finance laws. The lesson aims to explain how interest groups, political donations, and spending work within the political process in the United States.
This document is a lesson on primaries and caucuses that is presented over 35 slides. It includes information about the general process of the presidential election, a timeline activity, an election calendar, videos explaining how primaries and caucuses work, quizzes comparing primaries and caucuses, and open-ended discussion questions about advantages of each and a state's primary process. Students are asked to create a Venn diagram to contrast primaries and caucuses. The lesson provides information to help students understand the differences between primaries and caucuses and how the presidential nomination process unfolds.
The document discusses political parties and the two-party system in the United States. It includes questions about party roles, platforms, and voter registration. There are also true/false questions testing understanding of independent voters, third party candidates, party access and information, and the balance of power between parties in Congress. The purpose is to help students learn about the characteristics and functions of the two dominant political parties in the US.
This document discusses fiscal and monetary policy tools used by governments and central banks to influence aggregate demand and stabilize economies. Fiscal policy tools include changes to government spending and taxes by Congress and the President. Monetary policy tools are used by the Federal Reserve and include open market operations, reserve requirements, and interest rates. Both fiscal and monetary policies can be either expansionary or contractionary depending on whether their goal is to increase or decrease aggregate demand to address recessionary or inflationary gaps in the economy.
This document appears to be a series of lessons examining global opinion on various topics based on poll data and graphs. It includes open-ended questions asking students to summarize information, identify trends or inconsistencies, and compare opinions across different countries and time periods. Students are prompted to analyze differences in how favorably various nations view the American people versus the United States. The lesson examines topics like priorities around jobs versus the environment, views of U.S. anti-terrorism efforts, and support for continued Western military presence.
This document discusses the concept of federalism in the United States, focusing on the landmark Supreme Court case McCulloch v. Maryland. It presents information on the enumerated and reserved powers of the federal and state governments. It also considers whether the federal government has the authority to establish a national bank and whether states can tax that bank, addressing arguments made in McCulloch v. Maryland. Open-ended questions ask about the advantages of a national bank, why states may feel threatened by one, and whether certain laws are justified by implied federal powers.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
25. Outside Strategies
grassroots e-mail,
letter, or phone
campaigns
contributing to
election campaigns
getting media
coverage
of their cause
Inside Strategies
meeting with
lawmakers
drafting legislation
providing research
and testimony
taking the
government to court
How it works: in theory
26. Do we have a deal? And they’re off! Gathering forces.
Making introductions. Running ads. Funding trips.
Inside strategies
Outside strategies
How it works: in practice
27. Going right to the source. We still have a deal!
September 2, 2015
Deadline for Congress to
disapprove the deal
passes without action.
Continued
The debate over federal direct student loans pitted well-funded banks and other financial institutions against millions of college students and their parents. Did the banks’ ability to lobby members of Congress and bureaucrats translate into a policy victory?
These data show that in recent years interest groups have spent several billion dollars lobbying the federal government. Does this amount seem surprisingly large or surprisingly small, given what lobbyists do and given the total federal outlays of money?
These data show that in recent years interest groups have spent several billion dollars lobbying the federal government. Does this amount seem surprisingly large or surprisingly small, given what lobbyists do and given the total federal outlays of money?
Lobbying expenditures vary widely. Some influential groups (such as the U.S. Chamber of Commerce) spend hundreds of millions of dollars a year, but many other influential groups (such as the NARAL and the Family Research Council) spend relatively little. How can groups have influence over government policy despite spending almost nothing on lobbying?
Many interest groups speak for large numbers of Americans, but some lobby for changes that would benefit only a few people or a single corporation. The Coalition for Luggage Security, for example, has only one member: a company that specializes in shipping travelers’ baggage, which would gain considerable business if the coalition’s lobbying efforts Succeeded.
Different organizational structures have trade-offs. Centralized organizations can be more efficient but don’t tend to learn what their members want. Confederations have a good understanding what their members want but are often beset by conflict as one local chapter’s goals conflict with the goals of another chapter.
Interest group (IG) staff typically have expertise of the policy area or else have experience in Congress, have connections, and the expertise on how government works. This need for connections has led to the revolving door, where people move back and forth between government and lobbying groups.
Interest groups use a variety of tactics to draw attention to their concerns, including events designed to generate media coverage. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), known for its bold media campaigns, stationed a life-size mechanical elephant outside the Ringling Bros. circus to protest the company’s treatment of its elephants. @peta
What real-world examples of free riding can you think of? If one person shows up to a pot luck meal and claims he or she had no food in the house to bring, it works. But if too many people do it, there’s not enough food to go around.
An example that students have often experienced is group work with a common grade. If everyone gets the same grade, then the grade is a public good but individual members have an incentive to slack off (free ride) and hope that a more motivated student picks up the slack and earns them all an A.
The origin of the term free ride comes from the days of streetcars. You were supposed to get on in the front and pay your fare. But mischievous (or poor) children would jump on the back of the streetcar and get a free ride. However, if everyone free rides, then no one does the work to convince lawmakers and the policy does not get passed.
Studies show that people join interest groups either out of a sense of internal obligation or duty, external coercion, or selective incentives.
AAA (formerly the Automobile Association of America) is a wellknown provider of emergency road service, yet few people are aware of its role as an interest group that lobbies for a wide range of policy changes and builds awareness of key transportation issues. #AAA
[For more on each type of strategy see the following slides.]
There are a host of inside strategies. Nearly all interest groups dedicate time to the first three: direct lobbying, drafting legislation and regulations, and offering expertise through research and in hearings and sworn testimony.
Litigation is less common as it is costly and time-consuming. Nonetheless, it can be an effective way of shaping policy.
The American Civil Liberties Union is an interest group that often uses litigation strategies in its efforts to change government policy. Here, members of the ACLU chapter in Washington State announce their filing of an abortion rights lawsuit against several local hospitals. #ACLU
Mass protests such as the 2014 People's Climate March in New York City are intended to attract media attention and demonstrate the depth of public support for a group’s goals.
An interest group’s ability to engage in electioneering depends on how it is organized—specifically, what section of the IRS code applies to the organization. The following table gives details on four common organizations: 501(c) organizations, 527 organizations, PACs, and so-called Super PACs. Therefore, many choose to contribute money to nonprofits organized as 501(c)(4) groups, which can lobby and engage in electioneering as long as their “primary activity” (at least half of their overall activity) is not political.
Although estimates of total campaign spending suggest that donors have tremendous influence over candidates, the reality is more complicated. Contributions don’t buy victories; a substantial amount of campaign cash goes to administrative costs or is distributed across many candidates, and some organizations spend surprisingly little on campaign contributions. How could you use this data to argue against claims that interest groups are all-powerful players in American elections?
Conventional wisdom says that business interest groups have too much power over policy outcomes in Washington. But what do the numbers say?
To address this question, a group of political scientists tracked a series of issues through years of lobbying, congressional debate, legislative action, and implementation by the bureaucracy. Their goal was to determine whether business groups were successful in getting what they want from Congress, particularly when their efforts were opposed by citizen groups or government officials. Here’s what they found:
Source: Marie Hojnacki, Kathleen Marchetti, Frank Baumgartner, Jeff rey M. Berry, David C. Kimball, and Beth L. Leech, “Assessing Business Advantage in Washington Lobbying,” Interest Groups and Advocacy 4 (2015): 206–24.
While many observers credit lobbying by the pharmaceutical industry for policies such as the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit (and its ban on importing medicines), favorable public opinion, the efforts of the AARP, and bureaucrats’ independent judgments probably had greater influence on passing the Drug Benefit Act. @PHRMA @AARP
Interest groups are most successful when their issues do not run against citizen preferences. Bills that are not salient mean that legislators do not have to worry about electoral reprisal. Similarly, issues that do not have entrenched opponents are simple to resolve. Last, no matter what, it is easier to fight change in Washington, D.C., than enact it. The next chapter details how many places in Congress a bill can be killed, and how hard it is to enact a law.
If you have ever heard of the National Turkey Federation, it’s probably because of its participation in the annual presidential “pardoning” of a turkey before Thanksgiving. The federation’s relative anonymity has been beneficial: its effort to increase the amount of turkey served in federally funded school lunches was aided by most Americans’ lack of awareness of the proposal. @TurkeyGal
When scandals surrounding Jack Abramoff came to light in 2005, many Americans considered him a typical lobbyist. Abramoff’s actions were illegal, but the question remains: Are his tactics common in Washington, or was he a rare exception?
Conservative Super PACs, such as the Conservative Political Action Committee (CPAC), hold conventions that give candidates a venue to present themselves to conservative activists and donors. @CPAC
While Congress has considered various forms of gun control legislation in recent years, the NRA has been successful at blocking such measures at the federal level and even liberalizing state-level gun laws. Members of the NRA and other gun rights supporters are gathered here in the Texas state capital to rally against stricter limits on firearms. @NRA
President Barack Obama uses the headquarters of the U. S. Chamber of Commerce to propose making the corporate tax code simpler. By having Obama speak at their headquarters, the Chamber signals their strong support for the proposal, in effect lobbying every member of Congress without having to make a single visit to the Capital. @USChamber