This document provides a study guide review for Chapter 1 that includes vocabulary definitions, reasons for the fall of Rome, picture analysis questions, general questions, and opinion questions. Key details include definitions for 10 vocabulary words related to the Roman Empire like "empire" and "aqueduct." It lists social, political, economic, and size-related reasons for Rome's decline, such as corruption, heavy taxes, and a large territory that was difficult to defend. The review section finishes with multiple choice and short answer questions testing understanding of topics such as stoicism, Roman art influences, engineering, and architecture.

1. Chapter 1Chapter 1
Study Guide ReviewStudy Guide Review

2. I. VocabularyI. Vocabulary

3. collapsed
❖ Letter J: To fail suddenly or completely

4. mosaic
❖ Letter B: A picture made up of small pieces of tile, glass,
or colored stones.

5. scribe
❖ Letter F: A person trained to write or copy directions by
hand.

6. Roman Empire
❖ Letter G: At its height, around 200 C.E, it spanned the
Mediterranean world and most of Europe

7. proverb
❖ Letter C: A popular saying that is meant to express
something wise or true.

8. empire
❖ Letter D: A large territory in which several groups of
people are ruled by a single leader or government

9. corruption
❖ Letter H: A pattern of illegal or immoral activities by
government officials

10. decline
❖ Letter E: A slow breakdown or failure

11. philosophy
❖ Letter A: The study of wisdom, knowledge, and the
nature of reality

12. aqueduct
❖ Letter I: A pipe or channel built to carry water between
distant places

13. Constantine
❖ Letter K: Roman Emperor who, in 330 C.E., moved the
capital to Byzantium and later renamed it Constantinople

14. II. Fall of RomeII. Fall of Rome
ReasonsReasons

15. Social Reasons
❖ growing corruption within the empire
❖ decline in the spirit of citizenship (didn’t feel like “they”
belonged in the empire.)
❖ Emperors wasted a lot of money.
❖ Increase in crime made the empire’s cities and roads
unsafe.

16. Political Reasons
❖ Never figured out a way to peacefully transfer political
power to a new leader.
❖ Rivals would often take the “throne” when an emperor
died.
❖ No good system of selecting a new emperor
❖ The Praetorian Guard, the emperor’s army, would often
pick the next emperor based on what was in it for
them...not was best for the empire.

17. Economic Reasons
❖ To pay for the large armies, Rome’s citizens had to pay
Heavy Taxes.
❖ Heavy taxes put many people into poverty
❖ Trade suffered
❖ Unemployment became a problem
❖ Large landowners took over large estates which meant
the small landowners were left with nothing.

18. Size of the Empire Reasons
❖ The empire was too large to defend.
❖ Roman armies could not communicate with other leaders
in the army that may be stationed in different parts of the
empire.
❖ When new areas were taken over, these new citizens
joined Rome’s army, but didn’t have the same loyalty as
people who were born in Rome.

19. III. Picture AnalysisIII. Picture Analysis

20. Answers will vary –
make sure you connect how it relates to the
Fall of the Roman Empire

21. IV. General QuestionsIV. General Questions

22. 19. What does the term
stoic mean?
❖ Someone who believes that a person must have good
character and live in agreement with nature.

23. 20. What group influenced
Roman art?
❖ The group that influenced Roman art were the
GREEKS!

24. 21. Who was the first to rule for the
Roman Empire? What
accomplishments did he do for the
Roman Empire?
❖ Caesar Augustus
❖ He stopped 100 years of civil war
❖ He expanded the boundaries of the empire

25. 22. What is natural law and what does
it believe that everyone has?
❖ Natural law is a universal of justice that comes from
nature.
❖ Natural law believes that everyone has rights.

26. 23. How did Latin help influence the
English language?
❖ Words in English use many of Latin’s prefixes as well
as root words.

27. 24. What does the word engineering
mean?
❖ The branch of science and technology concerned with
the design, building, and use of engines, machines,
and structures.
❖ Many times it deals with how something works!!

28. 25. What does the word architecture
mean?
❖ The art or practice of designing and constructing
buildings.

29. V. Opinion QuestionsV. Opinion Questions

30. 26. “All Roads lead to
Rome”
❖ Answers will Vary

31. 27. “Rome perished, yet it
lived on”
❖ Answers will vary

32. 28. Engineering or
Architecture....greatest
impact?
❖ Answers will vary