This document provides an overview of basic accounting concepts and principles discussed in Chapter 1. It defines accounting as the process of recording, classifying, summarizing, and communicating the results of financial transactions. The three main purposes of accounting are to interpret financial activities, measure financial results, and communicate information to decision-makers. Accounting information is needed by both internal management and external investors, creditors, and other stakeholders. Financial statements, the balance sheet, income statement, statement of owner's equity, and statement of cash flows, are the primary reports used to communicate accounting information.
Fundamentals of Accounting / Introduction of AccountingAfzalur Rahman
1.01 Meaning and Definition of Accounting
1.02 Attributes (Characteristics) of Accounting
1.03 Functions of Accounting
1.04 Accounting Process
1.05 Book Keeping
1.06 Objectives of Accounting
1.07 Advantages of Accounting
1.08 Limitations of Accounting
1.09 Users of Accounting Information
1.10 Systems of Accounting
1.11 Basis of Accounting
Fundamentals of Accounting / Introduction of AccountingAfzalur Rahman
1.01 Meaning and Definition of Accounting
1.02 Attributes (Characteristics) of Accounting
1.03 Functions of Accounting
1.04 Accounting Process
1.05 Book Keeping
1.06 Objectives of Accounting
1.07 Advantages of Accounting
1.08 Limitations of Accounting
1.09 Users of Accounting Information
1.10 Systems of Accounting
1.11 Basis of Accounting
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https://clickuniv.com/introduction-to-accounting/
Follow me on: https://twitter.com/Afzalindian
Here in this slide fundamentals of accounting are discussed. After studying this slide you will be able to know
Meaning and Definition of Accounting
Attributes (Characteristics) of accounting
Functions of Accounting
Accounting Process
Bookkeeping
Objectives of Accounting
Advantages of Accounting
Limitations of Accounting
Users of Accounting Information
Systems of Accounting
Basis of Accounting
For more content and questions refer (Copy and Paste this link)
https://clickuniv.com/introduction-to-accounting/
Follow me on: https://twitter.com/Afzalindian
Here in this slide fundamentals of accounting are discussed. After studying this slide you will be able to know
Meaning and Definition of Accounting
Attributes (Characteristics) of accounting
Functions of Accounting
Accounting Process
Bookkeeping
Objectives of Accounting
Advantages of Accounting
Limitations of Accounting
Users of Accounting Information
Systems of Accounting
Basis of Accounting
Introduction to Accounting
Theory base of Accounting
Recording of Transactions – I
Recording of Transactions – II
Bank Reconciliation Statement
Trial Balance and Rectification of errors
Depreciation, Provisions and Reserves
Bill of Exchange
Financial Statements -I
Financial Statements -II
Accounts from Incomplete Records
Application of Computers in Accounting
Computerised Accounting System
Accounting is a process that holds a record about financial aspects in written method or bookkeeping. In other words, we can say that Accounting is a process that keeps the information about the money being exchanged in any organization or business in writing.
Basics of financial accounting updated 2023 intel document 4.docxintel-writers.com
Financial Statements: Financial statements are the primary output of financial accounting. They include the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement. The balance sheet presents the assets, liabilities, and shareholders’ equity of a business at a specific point in time. The income statement shows the revenues, expenses, and net income or loss over a given period. The cash flow statement provides information about the cash inflows and outflows of a company during a specific period.
Accounting Principles: Financial accounting is guided by various accounting principles, such as the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the United States and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) used globally. These principles provide a framework for recording and reporting financial transactions, ensuring consistency, comparability, and reliability of financial information.
Accrual Accounting: Financial accounting is typically based on accrual accounting, which recognizes revenue when earned and expenses when incurred, regardless of when cash is received or paid. Accrual accounting provides a more accurate representation of a company’s financial performance and obligations, as it matches revenues with related expenses in the appropriate accounting period.
Double-Entry Accounting: Double-entry accounting is the foundation of financial accounting. It follows the principle that every financial transaction has two equal and opposite effects. Each transaction is recorded with a debit entry and a corresponding credit entry in the accounting system, maintaining the balance between assets, liabilities, and equity.
The PPT consists of all the basics of Financial Accounting like Meaning, Importances, Branches, Users etc.
Accounting is the identifying , recording of financial transactions pertaining to a business, and it also refers to the process of summarizing, analyzing and reporting these transactions to various uders of accounting informations
Accounting Cycle.
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Chapter 1
1. Well Come
To
Principles of Accounting
With:
SHAHI YAR KHAN
2. Basic Accounting
Recommended Book
Accounting:
The basis for business decisions
Eleventh Edition
By: Meigs William Haka Bettner
Focus of Study
Chapters to be focused…
1,2,3,4,5
4. Accounting
The Art of
Recording
Classifying
Summarizing and
Communicating the results
Of business transactions
5. Accounting
Accounting is the art of recording,
classifying, summarizing and
communicating the results of the
business transactions.
Accounting also called the language of
business
6. Accounting
The Art of
Interpreting the financial activities
Measuring the financial activities
Getting the results from such activities
And communicating these results
7. Accounting
The Art of interpreting, measuring
and communicating the results of
financial activities.
8. Accounting
Is a process
That create
Useful
Financial information
For its users
(basic purpose of Accounting)
9. The Purpose of Accounting
The basic purpose of Accounting is to
provide information to decision makers that
is useful in making economic decisions.
11. Types of Accounting
Financial Accounting
General Purpose (Profit, loss, assets, obligation etc)
Management Accounting
Helps in Planning and Control
Tax Accounting
Helps in preparation of Income Tax Return etc
12. Economic Activities
Human Activities
Non-Economic Activities Economic Activities
Profession Business
13. Functions of Accounting System
In every Accounting System, the economic activities of
the organization are Recoded in the books of
accounts.
Next, the recorded data are Classified in the system to
accumulate sub-total for various types of economic
activities.
Finally, the information is Summarized in Accounting
Repots i.e. designed to meet the information needs of
the various decision makers.
14. Business
Business is a legal financial activity, for which
on specific education is required and in which
return is also not definite
15. Financial Statements
A set of Financial Statements consist of four related
accounting reports that summarizes the financial
resources, obligations, profitability and cash
transaction of a business in the few pages
1. Balance Sheet: Financial resources and obligations
2. Income Statement: Profitability of business
3. Statement of Owner’s Equity: Obligation of business
to Owner
4. Statement of Cash Flow: Cash Transaction of a
Business.
16. Distinguish b/w Accounting and
Book-keeping
Book-keeping Accounting
It refers to the daily It refers to the preparation
operation of an accounting of Accounting system
system i.e. Recording and
classifying Recording and classifying
It requires little skill of the transactions
accounting Summarize the data
Prepare the Final Reports
It requires Professional
Judgment and high skill of
accountancy
17. GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
GAAP are the “ground rules” for financial reporting.
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles provide the
general frame work that determines;
1. What information is to be included in the financial
statements? &
2. How these information are to be presented ?
19. Accounting Equation
Assets = Equities
Assets = Owner’s Equity + Liabilities
This is the characteristic of the Balance Sheet
that Assets always be equal to Liabilities plus
Owner’s Equity
20. Example of Accounting Equation
Mr. “A” is started the business by investing $ 100,000…
Assets = O/Equity + Liabilities
100,000 = 100,000 + 0
21. Example of Accounting Equation
Further the business borrows a loan from the bank of $
40,000
Assets = O/Equity + Liabilities
100,000 = 100,000 + 0
40,000 = 0 + 40,000
----------------------------------------------------
140,000 = 100,000 + 40,000
________________________________