A brief slideshow on the Butterfly effect and its sister theories , the Chaos theory and The Catastrophe theory and how they affect the real world and its outcomes. Meant for beginners.
A brief slideshow on the Butterfly effect and its sister theories , the Chaos theory and The Catastrophe theory and how they affect the real world and its outcomes. Meant for beginners.
The aim of this project is to design a secured communication system using chaos theory.To implement chaos communications using properties of chaos, two chaotic oscillators are required as a transmitter (or master) and receiver (or slave).
Chaos theory is a mathematical field of study which states that non-linear dynamical systems
that are seemingly random are actually deterministic from much simpler equations. The
phenomenon of Chaos theory was introduced to the modern world by Edward Lorenz in 1972
with conceptualization of ‘Butterfly Effect’. As chaos theory was developed by inputs of
various mathematicians and scientists, it found applications in a large number of scientific
fields.
The purpose of the project is the interpretation of chaos theory which is not as familiar as
other theories. Everything in the universe is in some way or the other under control of Chaos
or product of Chaos. Every motion, behavior or tendency can be explained by Chaos Theory.
The prime objective of it is the illustration of Chaos Theory and Chaotic behavior.
This project includes origin, history, fields of application, real life application and limitations
of Chaos Theory. It explores understanding complexity and dynamics of Chaos.
Chaotic system and its Application in CryptographyMuhammad Hamid
A seminar on Chaotic System and Its application in cryptography specially in image encryption. Slide covers
Introduction
Bifurcation Diagram
Lyapnove Exponent
What We (Don't) Know About the Beginning of the UniverseSean Carroll
A plenary talk at the January 2017 meeting of the American Astronomical Society, on whether the universe truly had a beginning, and what might have come before.
Indeterminism in quantum mechanics can be interpreted as a form of occasionalism, which is called “quantum occasionalism”
It in turn implies the option for any probabilistic determinism and thus for causal determinism as a particular case to be extended equivalently to that form of occasionalism
Relativity is a magnificent equality principle of nature at creating the universe.
However, it has many counter-intuitive, mind-blogging concepts, and many of us may have a hard time at understanding it.
How could light propagate in vacuum without a media?
How could the speed of light remain constant for all observers?
Why there are time dilation, length contraction, and loss of simultaneity?
Why the laws of nature remain the same for all moving frames?
How could space and time be bent by mass and energy?
Are our brains wired in such a way so that it is always difficult to understand relativity in a natural way?
Or there may exist a new knowledge framework, and a new representation so that relativity become easier to be understood.
This video offers a mechanical approach for the first time to explain relativity.
It attempts to make relativity easier for the general public to understand.
Relativity and Quantum Mechanics Are Not "Incompatible"John47Wind
Many scientific journals, books, magazines and science web sites state that since Einstein’s theory of gravity doesn’t “fit” into the quantum theory of forces, a new quantum theory of gravity must be found. This essay explodes the prevailing scientific myth that relativity and quantum mechanics are somehow incompatible. The simple fact of the matter is that gravity is not a force at all, so trying to make it “fit” into quantum theory is impossible. This essay demonstrates that relativity and quantum physics are indeed different, but it’s simply a matter of scale. In fact they are perfect reflections of each other.
The aim of this project is to design a secured communication system using chaos theory.To implement chaos communications using properties of chaos, two chaotic oscillators are required as a transmitter (or master) and receiver (or slave).
Chaos theory is a mathematical field of study which states that non-linear dynamical systems
that are seemingly random are actually deterministic from much simpler equations. The
phenomenon of Chaos theory was introduced to the modern world by Edward Lorenz in 1972
with conceptualization of ‘Butterfly Effect’. As chaos theory was developed by inputs of
various mathematicians and scientists, it found applications in a large number of scientific
fields.
The purpose of the project is the interpretation of chaos theory which is not as familiar as
other theories. Everything in the universe is in some way or the other under control of Chaos
or product of Chaos. Every motion, behavior or tendency can be explained by Chaos Theory.
The prime objective of it is the illustration of Chaos Theory and Chaotic behavior.
This project includes origin, history, fields of application, real life application and limitations
of Chaos Theory. It explores understanding complexity and dynamics of Chaos.
Chaotic system and its Application in CryptographyMuhammad Hamid
A seminar on Chaotic System and Its application in cryptography specially in image encryption. Slide covers
Introduction
Bifurcation Diagram
Lyapnove Exponent
What We (Don't) Know About the Beginning of the UniverseSean Carroll
A plenary talk at the January 2017 meeting of the American Astronomical Society, on whether the universe truly had a beginning, and what might have come before.
Indeterminism in quantum mechanics can be interpreted as a form of occasionalism, which is called “quantum occasionalism”
It in turn implies the option for any probabilistic determinism and thus for causal determinism as a particular case to be extended equivalently to that form of occasionalism
Relativity is a magnificent equality principle of nature at creating the universe.
However, it has many counter-intuitive, mind-blogging concepts, and many of us may have a hard time at understanding it.
How could light propagate in vacuum without a media?
How could the speed of light remain constant for all observers?
Why there are time dilation, length contraction, and loss of simultaneity?
Why the laws of nature remain the same for all moving frames?
How could space and time be bent by mass and energy?
Are our brains wired in such a way so that it is always difficult to understand relativity in a natural way?
Or there may exist a new knowledge framework, and a new representation so that relativity become easier to be understood.
This video offers a mechanical approach for the first time to explain relativity.
It attempts to make relativity easier for the general public to understand.
Relativity and Quantum Mechanics Are Not "Incompatible"John47Wind
Many scientific journals, books, magazines and science web sites state that since Einstein’s theory of gravity doesn’t “fit” into the quantum theory of forces, a new quantum theory of gravity must be found. This essay explodes the prevailing scientific myth that relativity and quantum mechanics are somehow incompatible. The simple fact of the matter is that gravity is not a force at all, so trying to make it “fit” into quantum theory is impossible. This essay demonstrates that relativity and quantum physics are indeed different, but it’s simply a matter of scale. In fact they are perfect reflections of each other.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
2. • Chaos theory is a branch of mathematics focusing
on the behavior of dynamical systems that are
highly sensitive to initial conditions. 'Chaos' is an
interdisciplinary theory stating that within the
apparent randomness of chaotic complex systems,
there are underlying patterns, constant feedback
loops, repetition, self-similarity, fractals, self-
organization, and reliance on programming at the
initial point known as sensitive dependence on
initial conditions. The butterfly effect describes
how a small change in one state of a deterministic
nonlinear system can result in large differences in
a later state, e.g. a butterfly flapping its wings in
China can cause a hurricane in Texas.
3. • In chaos theory, the butterfly effect is the
sensitive dependence on initial conditions in
which a small change in one state of
a deterministicnonlinear system can result in
large differences in a later state.
4. • In the mathematical field of dynamical systems,
an attractor is a set of numerical values toward
which a system tends to evolve, for a wide
variety of starting conditions of the
system.[1] System values that get close enough
to the attractor values remain close even if
slightly disturbed.
• a curve or geometrical figure, each part of which
has the same statistical character as the whole.
They are useful in modelling structures (such as
snowflakes) in which similar patterns recur at
progressively smaller scales, and in describing
partly random or chaotic phenomena such as
crystal growth and galaxy formation.
5. The chaos theory says that at a given point
everything seems to move toward chaos but in
the end the result is ordered.
This is the beauty of mathematics
It shows us order, even in chaos.
6.
7. • "On a winter day 50 years ago, Edward Lorenz,
a mild-mannered meteorology professor at
MIT, entered some numbers into a computer
program simulating weather patterns and
then left his office to get a cup of coffee while
the machine ran. When he returned, he
noticed a result that would change the course
of science."
• He changed 6 decimal place calculation to 3
and this happened!
8.
9. • So, is fate a real thing?
• Is Karma a real thing?
• Does my present change my future?
• Did my future cause my present?
10. • Causality has a 2 headed time arrow
ie: The future might influence the past.
The evidence they say is Quantum entanglement,
Particles that are entangled with each other show
effects in the present and the past due to the future.
11. • The word “entanglement” has the same
connotations as a romantic entanglement: a
special, and potentially troublesome,
relationship. Entangled particles start off in
close proximity when they are produced in the
laboratory. Then, when they are separated,
they behave like a pair of magic dice. You can
“roll” one in Las Vegas (or make a
measurement on it), your friend can roll the
other in Atlantic City, N.J., and each die will
land on a random side. But whatever those
two sides are, they will have a consistent
relationship to each other.
12. Entanglement in an electron
Spin of an entangled electron.
Randomness of the spin.
Teleportation.
13. • The standard interpretation of entanglement
is that there is some kind of instant
communication happening between the two
particles. Any communication between them
would have to travel the intervening distance
instantaneously—that is, infinitely fast. That is
plainly faster than light, a speed of
communication prohibited by the theory of
relativity.
14. Suppose it is not the case that the particles
communicate instantaneously with each other, and
it is also not the case that their values were fixed in
advance. There seem to be no options remaining.
But here Price asks us to consider the impossible:
that doing something to either of the entangled
particles causes effects which travel backward in
time to the point in the past when the two particles
were close together and interacting strongly. At that
point, information from the future is exchanged,
each particle alters the behavior of its partner, and
these effects then carry forward into the future
again. There is no need for instantaneous
communication, and no violation of relativity.
15. • So,
• Maybe fate exists, maybe your future effects
your past, but that doesn’t mean your
girlfriend left you for what you were about to
do next week.
• Chaos theory and quantum entanglement are
entangled concepts! One results to the other.