Changing of land use in wall city (case study of Bhuj and Jodhpur).

1. Department of Architecture
City and Metropolitan Planning
Guided By , Prepared By ,
Prof. Punita Mehta Jigar Lakhinkiya(11)
Date: 14 October 2017 Miral B. Kaloliya(08)
SY MURP -III Sharad Zalavadiya(24)
Land Use of Wall City
(Case Study of Bhuj and Jodhpur )
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2. Case study of Walled city-
Bhuj
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3.  Bhuj city is the administrative
headquarter of Kachchh District.
is second largest city of Kachchh.
 The town actually had a rich and
vibrant history. Since it was a
walled city, at its prime in history,
there were 35 feet high walls and
towers that surrounded the city
with 51 guns.
About BHUJ
 On 21 July 1956 as well on 26 January 2001, the city was struck by a major
earthquake , which caused a great deal of damage and loss of life and
property. Many parts of Bhuj were demolished due to the extensive
damage whilst others were repaired. There has been a great deal of progress
in the city since 2001 earthquake with considerable improvements to
transportation and various other infrastructures.
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4.  A 500 year old traditional unplanned city
 Headquarters of Kutch district –seat of district government
 Population of about 1,50,000
 Strong Livelihood base -handicrafts and handloom work
Bhuj City
 Disaster Profile
 Earthquakes –Active seismic faults surround the city
 Drought –every alternate year
 One of the worst affected cities in the earthquake of 2001
 2370 dead, 3187 injured6402 houses destroyed6933 houses damaged+
markets, offices, civic Infrastructure etc
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5. Vulnerability of Urban Areas –Pre-Earthquake
 Traditionally laid out city -Historical, old buildings with poor quality of
construction
 Poor accessibility in city areas for immediate evacuation, rescue and relief
operations
 Inadequate public sensitivity for disaster preparedness
 Absence of key institutions for disaster preparedness urban planning,
emergency response, disaster mitigation
 Inadequate and inappropriate equipment/ facilities/ manpower for search
and rescue capabilities
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6.  Institutional Development
 Gujarat Urban Development Company-nodal agency at the State level
planning, procurement, design, supervision and implementation
 Area Development Authorities-newly set up to oversee the urban
reconstruction process & rehabilitation in the worst affected towns of
Kutch
 Programme development/ implementation
 Accurate base mapping-16 studies carried out
 Development Plans (DPs) and Town Planning Schemes (TPS)–Urban
planning, infrastructure design and implementation
 Consultants deployed for -Urban Planning-Infrastructure and
-Architecture and Design
URBAN RE-ENGINEERING
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7.  Community participation
 More than 1,800 consultative meetings conducted for incorporating public
objections and suggestions in the development and town planning
processes
 Planning
 Spatial Planning -Land use planning
 Micro zonation -Land Suitability
 Quick Accessibility -defined hierarchy of road structure, suitable width,
looping
 Creating Open Spaces –recreational and refuge areas
 Ensuring Plot frontage to roads
 Providing core public amenities / facilities –water, sewerage, municipal
buildings, town hall, etc
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8. 1. Base map
preparation
2. Total station
survey
3. Land use
and value
studies
4.
Demography
5. Regional
context
6. Industry,
trade and
commerce
7. Traffic and
transportatio
n
8. Damage
assessment
studies
9. Geological,
seismicity
studies
10. Assessment
of relocation
needs
11. Inventory of
Govt. lands
12. Social
infrastructur
e
13. Physical
infrastructur
e
14. Heritage
resources
15. Urban
design
16. Household
surveys
 Base Studies and Analysis
Institutional support
from...
 Geological Survey
of India
 Central Ground
Water Board
 Area Devotement
Authority’s Expert
Group -CEPT & IIT
The reconstruction task was undertaken scientifically and
methodically
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9. SITUATION BEFORE TP SCHEMES IMPLEMENTATION
 Unorganized haphazard plots
 Insufficient and narrow Roads and approaches
 Insufficient open spaces
 Encroachment in majority of Open spaces.
 No follow up of building control regulations.
 Lack of open spaces and margins.
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10. SITUATION AFTER CHANGE OF LAND USE
 The Gamtal (Old city) area was taken under TP scheme after the
earthquake of 2001.
 Various planning initiatives
• widening of existing roads,
• new roads,
• linkages with outskirt region,
• reconstitution of haphazard plots
 First ever experiment with change of land use of the entire Gamtal.
 Humanitarian approach :
• Plots for Tenants.
• Plots for unauthorized settlements.
• Permanent planning.
 Green Approach :
• Efforts to transplant or save trees getting affected in road widening.
• Afforestation planned in the relocation sites.
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11. Bhuj City
Outer ring
road
BHUJ
boundary
Gamtal area
Gamtal Bhuj City
Gamtal of Bhuj City
 First ever experiment with change of land use of the entire Gamtal
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12. Change of Land use in wall city of Bhuj
Before Now
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13. Case study of Walled city-
Jodhpur
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14. Location- Walled city-Jodhpur
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15. Feature of the wall city
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16. Issue
Uncontrolled growth of commercial activities.
 increase in informal activities on junctions & other streets.
 Encroachment of shops on streets minimizes the effective width of a street.
 Parking problem inside main areas. Streets are encroached with vehicles
also.
 Loading & Un-Loading vehicles occupy streets most of the time.
 More than one floor of the residences is used for commercial activities.
 Recreational areas are very less. The few existing parks are also on the
verge of deterioration.
 The existing water bodies are decaying with increase in encroachment
over these areas.
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17. INFORMAL
ACTIVITIESLOCATED AT
MAIN Junction and
chowk
WATER
POLLUTING
INDUSTRIES
HAVE COME UP
IN THE AREA
WATER POLLUTING INDUSTRIESHAVE
COME UP IN THE AREA
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18. Encroachment on water bodies
Mix of activities Asymmetrical Built Form
Loss of Public squares
Exiting Condition of
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19. Mix of traffic
Mix of activity
Small shops in residences
Built Form
Narrow lanes with
commercial activities
both sides
Hanging wires
can lead to
serious
problems
New construction
changing old built
form 19

20. Land Use Conflicts – Walled City 1972 & 1991
 Other vacant areas have been decreased by 57.5 ha from 1972-1991.
 The hilly & rocky area around fort has been developed into residential
area.
 Water bodies has been encroached by 2.5 ha
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21. Causes
The change was accompanied by change in activity from low profit making
activities to high investment returns activities.
Obstruction to pedestrian and traffic is done due to Informal commercial
activities have rise mainly around junctions
The residential land use has not much increased because of large increase
of non-confirming land uses and less availability of vacant human habitable
areas.
Recreational areas are very less as in past the recreational activities were
mainly performed in public squares,havelies etc. but now because
of potentials & constrains of these areas are not suitable enough toper form
such activities.
Existing water bodies are decaying with increasing encroachments & no law
exist still date to keep a check on such activities
The irregular change in land uses gives birth to bad urban form resulting in
loss of old architectural impressions.
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22. Recommendation
Wholesale commercial activities should be decentralized to other part of the
city to lower the increasing burden over change in land use.
Existing informal commercial activities should be shifted or planned to some
new areas adjacent to the walled city
Conversion of residential use to commercial purpose should be highly taxed.
This would help in regulating the high commercial developments.
Checking for encroachments over old water bodies &charging high
penalties to avoid any future decay.
Change in land use should be governed effectively by concerned
authorities.
Areas of historical importance should be made restricted for any change in
land use. This will help in conserving the old heritage form of the area.
Vertical extension in the height of the structure for commercial purposes
should be restricted through proper enforcement of development controls.
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23. Wholesale
commercial
activities should be
decentralized.
Encroachment
over water
bodies should
notbe allowed
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24. REFERANCES
 http://bhujada.com/
 http://www.gsdma.org
 https://en.wikipedia.org
 http://www.gujaratinformatics.com
 https://tpvd.openprp.in
 https://townplanning.gujarat.gov.in
 jodhpurmc.org/
 https://www.scribd.com
 http://jda.urban.rajasthan.gov.in/content/raj/udh/jda--
jodhpur/en/home.html
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