Analyzing Farm Productivity of Kentucky using Regression ModelBijesh Mishra
Kentucky is facing decline in farms numbers and farmland
with increasing average size. It suggest that small farmers
are moving away from the farming business and large
farmers are increasing. Kentucky agriculture is based on
small and family farmers as about 90% of farm are owned
by family. The research was done using secondary data to
identify factors responsibilities for agriculture productivity
in Kentucky in changing farming condition. Average farm
size, total irrigated area and farmers average age has
significant effect in farm productivity in Kentucky. Average
years in farming has negative relation with farm
productivity. All other variables have positive relation
though some are not significant.
Framework
Farm operators make strategic and tactic decisions based on dynamic climate and market processes. However, they do not access and use all the information enabled by powerful information technologies.
Using agricultural land for utility-scale photovoltaic solar electricity gene...Turlough Guerin GAICD FGIA
The renewable energy sector in Australia is experiencing unprecedented levels of investment, and this presents a unique opportunity for the national economy and for communities in regional Australia. Environmental impacts are minimal and community benefits can accrue from both large- and utility-scale solar projects, such as jobs and regional investment, but there are questions for the agricultural sector to consider as these opportunities open up: To what extent is the concern of energy generation versus food production warranted? Should large-scale solar power stations even be built on agricultural land? The author uses a case study from the Central West of NSW to explore these issues.
Analyzing Farm Productivity of Kentucky using Regression ModelBijesh Mishra
Kentucky is facing decline in farms numbers and farmland
with increasing average size. It suggest that small farmers
are moving away from the farming business and large
farmers are increasing. Kentucky agriculture is based on
small and family farmers as about 90% of farm are owned
by family. The research was done using secondary data to
identify factors responsibilities for agriculture productivity
in Kentucky in changing farming condition. Average farm
size, total irrigated area and farmers average age has
significant effect in farm productivity in Kentucky. Average
years in farming has negative relation with farm
productivity. All other variables have positive relation
though some are not significant.
Framework
Farm operators make strategic and tactic decisions based on dynamic climate and market processes. However, they do not access and use all the information enabled by powerful information technologies.
Using agricultural land for utility-scale photovoltaic solar electricity gene...Turlough Guerin GAICD FGIA
The renewable energy sector in Australia is experiencing unprecedented levels of investment, and this presents a unique opportunity for the national economy and for communities in regional Australia. Environmental impacts are minimal and community benefits can accrue from both large- and utility-scale solar projects, such as jobs and regional investment, but there are questions for the agricultural sector to consider as these opportunities open up: To what extent is the concern of energy generation versus food production warranted? Should large-scale solar power stations even be built on agricultural land? The author uses a case study from the Central West of NSW to explore these issues.
Agriculture Extension and Advisory Services under the New Normal of Climate ...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
In the years to come climate change, coupled with population growth, energy and natural resource depletion, will increasingly challenge our continued ability to feed ourselves. As we move forward, persistent problems, past failures and new challenges within Extension change agents and advisory service (EAS) provisioning have the potential to converge in a perfect storm as the scramble to adapt to the new normal of life under climate change intensifies. This presentation outlines the nature of the challenges, identifies past and present points of successful EAS engagement and outlines necessary areas of preparation
Impacts and opportunities from large-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) electricit...Turlough Guerin GAICD FGIA
With large-scale solar photovoltaics in Australia experiencing unprecedented levels of investment,
now is a unique opportunity for the national economy and for the communities in regional
Australia. Environmental impacts are minimal and community benefits can accrue from both largeand
utility-scale solar projects, such as jobs and regional investment. But there are questions for
the agricultural sector to consider as these opportunities open up:
• To what extent is the concern of energy generation versus food production warranted?
• Should large-scale solar power stations even be built on agricultural land?
The author uses a case study from the Central West of New South Wales (NSW) to explore
these issues as well as briefly reviewing critical research into the international development of
agrivoltaics.
Agricultural greenhouse gas calculators overestimate fluxes in tropical farming systems
Poster presented by Meryl Breton Richards at the 3rd Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier.
Read more: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/3rd-global-science-conference-%E2%80%9Cclimate-smart-agriculture-2015%E2%80%9D#.VRurLUesXX4
Building SI on a Rock: Is a systems perspective essential for integrated crop...africa-rising
Presented by Peter Thorne (ILRI) and Sieg Snapp (Michigan State University) at the 2019 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting, San Antonio, USA, 12 November 2019.
Presentation by Julie Doll, Michigan State University, for the Climate Change and Midwest Agriculture: Impacts, Challenges, & Opportunities workshop held by the USDA Midwest Climate Hub on March 1-2, 2016.
Yuxia Liu Phenology 2018 poster on tracking grass phenologyTERN Australia
University of Technology Sydney Yuxia Liu's Phenology 2018 conference poster on tracking grass phenology with phenocams and remote sensing over victorian pastures.
Summer Allen
WEBINAR
Using Satellite Imagery for Early Warning of Productivity Constraints
Organized by the Food Security Portal (FSP)
OCT 31, 2019 - 11:00 AM TO 12:30 PM EDT
Long-term observed Precipitation Trends in Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Baringo ...Premier Publishers
The research was conducted to validate the pastoralists’ and agro-pastoralists’ claim that there has been an increasingly variable and changing climate in the study area. The station average and Theissen polygon methods were used to estimate the mean areal precipitation of the small (Mogotio and Baringo South Sub-counties) and the large area (Baringo County), respectively. The aim of the current study is to analyse rainfall time series over long term observed precipitation and a wide area, detecting potential trends and assessing their significance. Monthly precipitation data for the period 1974-2003 from six weather stations, located mainly in Mogotio and Baringo South sub-counties and covering 3906km2 were used in the analysis. The data were quality controlled to ensure no missing data and any inconsistencies. Linear regression analysis of the database highlighted that; the trends were predominantly negative, both where the average and Theissen polygon methods were used and over the whole reference period. The negative trends are not significant. This finding implies that the study area has been suffering a precipitation decrease especially in the period under review.
"Design of Resilient Agro-Ecosystems" is University of Nebraska research by Trenton Franz. Please attribute accordingly.
The research was presented Sept. 19, 2017 at the Faculty Fellow Dialogue, hosted by the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute at the University of Nebraska.
Agriculture Extension and Advisory Services under the New Normal of Climate ...World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
In the years to come climate change, coupled with population growth, energy and natural resource depletion, will increasingly challenge our continued ability to feed ourselves. As we move forward, persistent problems, past failures and new challenges within Extension change agents and advisory service (EAS) provisioning have the potential to converge in a perfect storm as the scramble to adapt to the new normal of life under climate change intensifies. This presentation outlines the nature of the challenges, identifies past and present points of successful EAS engagement and outlines necessary areas of preparation
Impacts and opportunities from large-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) electricit...Turlough Guerin GAICD FGIA
With large-scale solar photovoltaics in Australia experiencing unprecedented levels of investment,
now is a unique opportunity for the national economy and for the communities in regional
Australia. Environmental impacts are minimal and community benefits can accrue from both largeand
utility-scale solar projects, such as jobs and regional investment. But there are questions for
the agricultural sector to consider as these opportunities open up:
• To what extent is the concern of energy generation versus food production warranted?
• Should large-scale solar power stations even be built on agricultural land?
The author uses a case study from the Central West of New South Wales (NSW) to explore
these issues as well as briefly reviewing critical research into the international development of
agrivoltaics.
Agricultural greenhouse gas calculators overestimate fluxes in tropical farming systems
Poster presented by Meryl Breton Richards at the 3rd Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier.
Read more: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/3rd-global-science-conference-%E2%80%9Cclimate-smart-agriculture-2015%E2%80%9D#.VRurLUesXX4
Building SI on a Rock: Is a systems perspective essential for integrated crop...africa-rising
Presented by Peter Thorne (ILRI) and Sieg Snapp (Michigan State University) at the 2019 ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting, San Antonio, USA, 12 November 2019.
Presentation by Julie Doll, Michigan State University, for the Climate Change and Midwest Agriculture: Impacts, Challenges, & Opportunities workshop held by the USDA Midwest Climate Hub on March 1-2, 2016.
Yuxia Liu Phenology 2018 poster on tracking grass phenologyTERN Australia
University of Technology Sydney Yuxia Liu's Phenology 2018 conference poster on tracking grass phenology with phenocams and remote sensing over victorian pastures.
Summer Allen
WEBINAR
Using Satellite Imagery for Early Warning of Productivity Constraints
Organized by the Food Security Portal (FSP)
OCT 31, 2019 - 11:00 AM TO 12:30 PM EDT
Long-term observed Precipitation Trends in Arid and Semi-arid Lands, Baringo ...Premier Publishers
The research was conducted to validate the pastoralists’ and agro-pastoralists’ claim that there has been an increasingly variable and changing climate in the study area. The station average and Theissen polygon methods were used to estimate the mean areal precipitation of the small (Mogotio and Baringo South Sub-counties) and the large area (Baringo County), respectively. The aim of the current study is to analyse rainfall time series over long term observed precipitation and a wide area, detecting potential trends and assessing their significance. Monthly precipitation data for the period 1974-2003 from six weather stations, located mainly in Mogotio and Baringo South sub-counties and covering 3906km2 were used in the analysis. The data were quality controlled to ensure no missing data and any inconsistencies. Linear regression analysis of the database highlighted that; the trends were predominantly negative, both where the average and Theissen polygon methods were used and over the whole reference period. The negative trends are not significant. This finding implies that the study area has been suffering a precipitation decrease especially in the period under review.
"Design of Resilient Agro-Ecosystems" is University of Nebraska research by Trenton Franz. Please attribute accordingly.
The research was presented Sept. 19, 2017 at the Faculty Fellow Dialogue, hosted by the Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute at the University of Nebraska.
Unveiling the driving forces affecting carbon dioxide emissions in the Philip...Open Access Research Paper
Human-induced carbon dioxide emissions are the major cause of climate change. Although the Philippines’ contribution to global climate change due to carbon emissions is negligible, the trend of carbon emissions from the energy sector is increasing, with emissions expected to quadruple by 2030. Thus, this paper investigates the population factors affecting per capita carbon dioxide emissions (CO2E) in the Philippines. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine and quantify the level of effect of its population factors such as life expectancy at birth (LEB), urban population (UP), population aging (PA), and energy use per capita (EUPC) that significantly influence the CO2E. The data used for the analysis were retrieved from the World Bank for the period 1985 – 2020. Results showed that LEB, UP, PA, and EUPC are identified as significant factors affecting CO2E. Among these significant factors, EUPC has the largest effect on CO2E (F = 338.81, p = 0.000). Additionally, PA exerts the largest influence as a driving force of CO2E from EUPC (F = 40.83, p = 0.000). The regression model based on the identified significant factors is robust and significant (F = 723.35, p = 0.000), explaining 98.94% of the variation in CO2 emissions in the Philippines. This suggests that the policymakers must consider these four variables in making actions towards reducing carbon emissions in the country.
Land cover transition and fragmentation of River Ogba catchment in Benin City...Glory Enaruvbe
This study examined variation in the intensity of land cover transition and the pattern of habitat fragmentation
of River Ogba catchment. Landsat images of 1988, 2002 and 2016 were classified into five categories: low
density urban, high density urban, mixed vegetation, agriculture and dense forest using maximum likelihood
classifier. Intensity analysis approach and landscape metrics were used to analyze the changes and fragmentation
of the land cover. Number of patches, largest patch Index, area-weighted shape index and Euclidean nearest
neighbour were computed. The results show that although mixed vegetation accounted for the largest land cover
category in 1988 and 2002, low density urban dominated the study area in 2016. Intensity analysis of land cover
change in the study area indicates a rising trend. The urban fringe is observed to be highly dynamic zone and this
is primarily driven by changes in agriculture, low density urban and mixed vegetation. The implications of rapid
land cover transition and fragmentation in River Ogba catchment, and especially in the urban fringe, include
threat to biodiversity, food supply and deteriorating environmental conditions. This study provides necessary
insights for developing sustainable strategies for urban landscape planning, administration and governance.
Farmer's Agribusiness Training Course: Module 1 Lesson 3 Supplementary Readin...Saide OER Africa
The objectives of this paper are threefold: (1) to assess the direction and magnitude of changes in agricultural productivity in Kenya in the last 25 years for five of the most important agricultural provinces in Kenya, with particular focus on the period since the initiation of agricultural policy adjustment in the 1990s; (2) to identify the major factors affecting changes in crop productivity; and (3) to identify cost-effective strategies likely to promote future agricultural intensification and productivity growth in Kenya's crop sector in the post-reform period.
Farmer's Agribusiness Training Course: Module 1 Lesson 3 Supplementary Readin...PiLNAfrica
The objectives of this paper are threefold: (1) to assess the direction and magnitude of changes in agricultural productivity in Kenya in the last 25 years for five of the most important agricultural provinces in Kenya, with particular focus on the period since the initiation of agricultural policy adjustment in the 1990s; (2) to identify the major factors affecting changes in crop productivity; and (3) to identify cost-effective strategies likely to promote future agricultural intensification and productivity growth in Kenya's crop sector in the post-reform period.
Change detection analysis of Cropland using Geospatial technique -A case Stud...IJEAB
Access to accurate and up-to-date information on the extent and distribution of individual crop types, associated with land use changes and practices, has significant value in intensively agricultural regions. Explicit information of croplands can be useful for sustainable water resources, land and agriculture planning and management. Remote sensing, has been proven to be a more cost-effective alternative to the traditional statistically-based ground surveys for crop coverage areas that are costly and provide insufficient information. Satellite images along with ground surveys can provide the necessary information of spatial coverage and spectral responses of croplands for sustainable agricultural management. This study strives to differentiate different crop types and agricultural practices to achieve a higher detailed crop map of the Narsinghpur district.
Early warning systems for food water-energy nexus in GMS regionPrabhakar SVRK
For a full paper on this subject, please refer to the links below:
http://enviroscope.iges.or.jp/modules/envirolib/view.php?docid=3390
http://gis.gms-eoc.org/GMS2020_WS-MATERIALS/2.1.4%20Prabhakar_Climate_Risks_to_Agriculture.pdf
Impact of climate change on wheat yield using remote sensing technique | JBES...Innspub Net
The present study demonstrates the ability of GIS and RS in capturing the spatial temporal data. The changing climatic conditions in the country effects the agriculture. The impacts of climate change are not only restricted to the agricultural productivity of the Pakistan but changing climate also impose destructive impacts on the Land use change practices. Three districts of Punjab i.e. Attock, Multan and Gujrat were selected for analysis of climatic effect on wheat production. The time span that is used for analyzing the change in these areas was from 1999-2014. Climatic changes are not always negative ones but sometimes climatic changes are favoring the increased agricultural production. As the change in temperature and rainfall pattern affects the crop conditions, which changes the net production. It is concluded that for real time prediction of crop yield satellite remote sensing could be used for timely management of food crisis in Pakistan as well as in the world.
Greg LaBarge - What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Er...John Blue
What Did We Learn From The 2019 Ag Production Year And Lake Erie HABS? - Greg LaBarge, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Factors influencing rice production in the Lwafi-katongolo irrigation scheme:...Open Access Research Paper
This study was conducted to assess factors influencing rice production in the Lwafi-Katongolo Irrigation Scheme. A sample of 120 farmers from 4 villages of Katongolo, Masolo, Kamwanda and Mpata were purposively selected for the assessment of factors influencing crop yields and water delivery (flow). Data was collected through a questionnaire administered to households to generate information on factors influencing water delivery and how the influence affects rice production. The data were subjected to analysis of trends in crop production and water flows using Microsoft Excel. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess factors influencing production during the wet and dry seasons while Descriptive analysis was used to determine the level of farmer satisfaction on irrigation services. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. The findings show that Cropped land size, condition of secondary canals, relative position of irrigated area and Government facilitation for maintenance significantly and positively influenced productivity in the scheme. Experience of farmers in irrigation practices influenced negatively the productivity in the scheme. The annual rainfall increased 1.58mm in the period 1981-2020 causing destruction of canal walls and soil erosion in the scheme. Water discharge in the irrigation scheme decreased by 40.36m3/s between 2019 and 2021 implying poor water supply hence negatively influencing productivity. The finding also explained farmers satisfaction for water delivery in the scheme as the response was 61.57% Neutral, 33.75% Dissatisfied, 3.64% Satisfied, 1.04 Strong Dissatisfied and 0% Strong Satisfied. The study recommends, the government and other stake holder of agriculture should continue planning for rehabilitating the infrastructure destructed and constructing other structure as per design, construction of water dam, and rescheduling of the maintenance and operation for Water user association in the scheme.
Understanding Climate Change Resiliency of Oklahoma Forests using FVS and Con...Bijesh Mishra
The forest-grassland ecotone in the southcentral US is the tension zone between two major biomes and provides a number of important ecosystem services. Active management in the region using prescribed fire, forest thinning/harvesting, grazing, and herbicides can optimize desired benefits for landowners with a variety of management objectives. However, periodic severe droughts that plague this area and increasing climate variability have profoundly affected the productivity, resilience, and stability of ecosystems. We aim to facilitate sustainable
management of the forest-grassland ecotone for different combinations of objectives such as timber, grazing, and wildlife habitat based on recent conditions and to adapt management to mitigate the negative effects of future drought and potential climate change. To this end, we are assessing the value of timber, cattle forage, and deer habitat. Input and output variables involved in valuation of timber, wildlife and cattle
forage will be discussed. Tailoring research findings with the
appropriate outreach materials will help educate traditional and nontraditional forest stewards in the region.
Temporal Patterns in the Surface Urban Heat Island Effect and Land Cover Chan...Bijesh Mishra
Urban heat island (UHI) is a term used to describe increased surface and atmospheric temperatures in an urban core relative to surrounding non-urbanized areas mostly due to the conversion of natural surfaces into the built surfaces. Though the phenomenon has been studied in great extent in several cities throughout the world, the phenomenon is less understood for Kathmandu, and thus little documented in researches. This study uses the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) 8-day, 1000-meter product (MYD11A2) to estimate the spatial distribution of surface temperatures and the MODISderived Normalized Vegetation Index (MYD17A2) to quantify the pattern of land surface temperature throughout the year in different land cover types and its spatial correlation with the NDVI for the year of 2000 and 2016. Results suggest that the urban surface temperatures are consistently higher than non-urban areas. However, the rate of increase in temperature is higher in outside the urban area. Also, the NDVI is not spatially coincident with the land surface temperature.
Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices among Kentucky Farmers and Thei...Bijesh Mishra
The adoption of sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) has been very helpful to attain agricultural sustainability. However, practices are localized and site specific and, thus, less understood in Kentucky. A research was conducted throughout the Kentucky using double stratified survey method to understand farmer’s perception about their farm and farming practices sustainability, adoption of sustainable agriculture practices (SAPs) and adoption barriers of sustainable agriculture practices. The research found that farmers generally perceive that their farm and farming activities are sustainable. The results of negative binomial regression analysis suggest that row crop growers, farmers in favor of diversification, and formal education level increase probability of SAPs adoption. Vegetable growers, and farmers with irrigation facilities also increase probability of the adoption. Income from agro-tourism, land operated, age are significant variables of the adoption of SAPs in Kentucky. Inadequate knowledge, perceived difficulty of implementation, lack of (adequate) market, negative attitude about technologies, and lack of (appropriate) technologies were major adoption barriers of SAPs in Kentucky.
The Urban Heat Island in Kathmandu from 2000 to 2016Bijesh Mishra
The Urban Heat Island in Kathmandu, Nepal:
Evaluating the Spatial Distribution of Changes in
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Land
Surface Temperatures 2000 to 2016
A comparison of Land Cover Change in Kaski District, NepalBijesh Mishra
Kaski, one the major cities of Nepal, major tourism place and regional headquarter of Western Development
region, attracts large population from surrounding resulting 36.4% increase in population proportion and thus, land cover
is rapidly changing in the area. The research intended to find land cover change over nine years from 2000 to 2009 as well
as possible reason for the land cover change. Landsat images were obtained from USGS Glovis, National boundary data
was clipped and dissolved selecting study area, and demographic data were obtained from Central Bureau of Statistics,
Nepal for the research. Data was analyzed using Supervised Classification method with maximum likelihood parameter.
From the result, it is concluded that the urban area has increased by 47.86% in study area with the decrease in forest area
by 26.25%. The possible reason for the land cover change can be attributed to rapid increase in population growth and
rapid urbanization. Also, decrease in water resource and barren land can also be accounted to rapid urbanization and
rapid change in land use pattern though research provides sufficient room for further research in this area of study
Mapping Recent Earthquake In Nepal and Its Geo-spatial ImpactsBijesh Mishra
Nepal is located in tectonically active zone in-between three main fault lines: The Main Central Thrust, The Main Boundary Fault and The Siwaliks and The Himalayan Frontal Fault running parallel through the country resulting Indian Plate under Eurasian Plate. This country is hit by major earthquakes in every 80 to 100 years resulting into heavy losses of lives, properties and historical and world heritage sites. The story maps developed using ArcGIS online demonstrate the recent 7.6 MW Richter scale earthquake devastated locations and its major destruction in infrastructure, human lives, landscape , and impacts on human settlement and out-migration.
These slides contains information about entrance pattern and entrance exam 2069 of IAAS/TU taken for Undergraduates. (B. Sc. Ag. and B. V. Sc./A.H.). with introduction of Presenter (Some content needs to be updated)
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Change in Net Primary Productivity of Parcel Land in Logan and Breckinridge Counties in Central Kentucky
1. Change in Net Primary Productivity of Parcel Land in Logan
and Breckinridge Counties Central Kentucky
Bijesh Mishra, Buddhi Gyawali,
Kentucky State University, 400 East Main St, Frankfort, KY 40601
INTRODUCTION
Net primary productivity (NPP) is the accumulation of organic matter in the plant per unit
time per unit area. NPP serve as an important indicator of vegetative activities as well as the
balance of carbon in the ecosystem (Bian, 2010; Yang, 2017). NPP has been used as an
important indicator of forest cover, function and health. The losses in NPP shows very adverse
negative impact in the ecosystem, environment, fresh water, biodiversity (Yang, 2017). NPP
Change is the key to evaluate heath condition of ecosystem. Use of remote sensing
technologies to monitor the annual change of NPP is beneficial to evaluate the heath
condition of ecosystem (Bian, 2010).
With the increase in the global demand of food, agriculture is becoming intensive, resource-
intensive and less sustainable (Robinson et al., 2014). To meet the Sustainable Development
Goals, agriculture sector needs a universal and informative indices to measure agriculture
sustainability (HarvestChoice, 2014). However heterogeneity of crops and enterprise in
agriculture sector makes more difficult to measure the productivity and the sustainability. The
understanding of productivity of agriculture land is important not only from the perspective
of yield per unit area but also from the perspective of total biomass production and carbon
accumulation. NPP is taken as an important and sensitive indicator of forest productivity and
is intensively used in forestry sector (Yang, 2017). Since NPP is based on the photosynthetic
activities of plants and crops, it can be used in the agriculture sector uniformly despite the
heterogeneous nature of agriculture enterprises as an indicator of productivity and
accumulation of organic matter.
OBJECTIVES
• To study average NPP and trend in different farm size.
• To study the Annual NPP Change in different sized farm in Breckinridge and Logan Counties.
METHODS
RESULTS
CONCLUSION
This study shows possibility of using NPP as an indicator of farm productivity. However, it should
be further studied along with other agriculture productivity indictors to use as a dependable
proxy of farm productivity.
This study is a preliminary study. However, it can be an important baseline to further develop
this research to understand use of NPP as proxy of farm productivity. The importance of this
research is increased by the fact that not many researchers has considered NPP as a proxy of
farm productivity.
The annual change in NPP is not consistent. The change differs by year and the location. The
wavy nature of NPP makes it more predictable if long term trend is studied. So, NPP cycle of
certain location can be understood by studying long run trend of NPP.
REFERENCES
Bian, J., Li, A., & Deng, W. (2010). Estimation and analysis of net primary Productivity of Ruoergai wetland in China for the recent 10 years based on remote sensing. Procedia Environmental Sciences,2, 288-301.
doi:10.1016/j.proenv.2010.10.035
HarvestChoice. (2014). Net Primary Productivity and Sustainable Intensification: An Exploratory Exercise. Retrieved April 02, 2018, from http://harvestchoice.org/node/9650
Robinson, N., Koo, J., Cox, C., & Guo, Z. (2014). Monitoring Agricultural Sustainability Using Remotely Sensed Net Primary Production Over Time and Space. Retrieved April 02, 2018, from
https://harvestchoice.org/sites/default/files/Robinson_IFPRI_POSTER.pdf
Yang, J., Zhang, X., Luo, Z., & Yu, X. (2017). Nonlinear Variations of Net Primary Productivity and Its Relationship with Climate and Vegetation Phenology, China. Forests,8(10), 361. doi:10.3390/f8100361
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This research was funded by USDA/NIFA Evans Allen Fund for Developing Decision Support Systems (DSS) for Agroecosystems Management and Sustainability. The authors
would like to thank Aman Bhatta for his help.
Table 1: Average NPP (KgCM-2Yr-1) and Standard Deviation of Mean according to farm categories in Breckinridge
and Logan Counties.
Data Used: MYD17A3H Version 6 moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS)
annual PRNL DAAC Net Primary Productivity at 500 Meter pixel resolution data (2002 to
2014) downloaded from https://modis.ornl.gov/data.html and parcel data of Breckinridge
and Logan Counties, KY.
Farm parcel was separated from the parcel data of respective counties. All farms below 65
acres were removed to obtain final farm parcel information for further analysis. This was
done to match parcel size with the NPP pixel size. The farms were categorized into three
categories: Small farms (65 to 100 Acres), Medium Farms (100 to 200 Acres) and Large
Farms (Above 200 Acres).
Zonal Statistics and raster calculator were used to calculate average NPP and change in NPP
from 2002 to 2014. Change in NPP = [NPP(t)-NPP(t-1)]/[t-(t-1)], where t = Year (2002 to 2014)
for each parcel.
Figure 1: Area of Study: Parcel Map of Breckinridge and Logan Counties and Their Locations in Kentucky
Year
Breckinridge County Logan County
Small Farm Medium Farms Large Farms Small Farm Medium Farms Large Farms
Mean St. Dev. Mean St. Dev. Mean St. Dev. Mean St. Dev. Mean St. Dev. Mean St. Dev.
2002 2672.145 1068.244 2674.050 943.405 2991.881 954.119 3070.520 1041.330 3159.424 928.591 2818.131 876.204
2003 17884.693 2067.050 17867.803 1732.233 19035.464 1340.156 17884.693 1765.406 17867.803 1653.374 17730.411 1688.416
2004 6694.623 572.274 6654.637 519.099 6686.525 611.372 6647.734 524.353 6647.572 462.164 6552.340 522.847
2005 5892.157 649.191 5855.437 585.627 6186.169 623.952 6166.658 601.350 6180.452 517.431 5796.448 448.398
2006 5148.491 620.613 5110.720 550.833 5462.541 580.494 5458.455 571.517 5500.907 506.397 4984.141 464.751
2007 4392.728 968.897 4399.846 908.973 4058.738 900.028 4232.520 728.737 4235.047 618.973 4211.556 571.883
2008 6088.522 563.455 6046.910 542.860 6700.835 622.118 6653.718 504.942 6648.768 435.295 5959.330 448.716
2009 6526.430 667.499 6469.819 615.281 6795.685 691.464 6740.772 633.514 6733.789 552.997 6453.820 631.928
2010 5212.462 504.969 5158.675 461.209 5439.416 542.951 5431.914 548.840 5421.835 474.686 5081.962 365.688
2011 5587.233 655.051 5534.658 583.375 5755.203 626.546 5739.130 554.424 5744.353 474.049 5455.769 413.289
2012 7590.268 693.270 7553.164 610.230 7034.467 605.830 7055.586 657.995 7082.465 581.550 7461.985 459.559
2013 6706.925 748.357 6652.766 717.293 6816.502 794.135 6741.290 581.183 6743.168 509.600 6658.071 558.471
2014 6213.658 675.413 6135.276 648.884 6500.646 740.260 6453.951 573.174 6437.967 537.166 6149.488 592.012
0.000
5000.000
10000.000
15000.000
20000.000
25000.000
2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
NPP(KgCM-2Yr-1)
Year
Breckinridge County NPP Mean Acording to Farm Size
Small Farm Medium Farms Large Farms
0.000
5000.000
10000.000
15000.000
20000.000
25000.000
2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
NPP(KgCM-2Yr-1)
Year
Logan County Average NPP According to Farm Size
Small Farm Medium Farms Large Farms
Figure 3: Average NPP (KgCM-2Yr-1) of Breckinridge (left) and Logan (right) Counties Based on Farm Categories.
• Above table and graphs show average NPP categorized in three different types of farms size
in two different counties of Kentucky. The trend over 13 years time period in three different
farm size shows that the trend of NPP does not change based on farm size or location. So, it
can be a good and stable indicator of farm productivity in all types and size of farm as well as
locations.
• Maps in the middle section of this poster are annual change in NPP from 2002 to 2014 for
two counties, Breckinridge and Logan, of Kentucky. Since the calculation is unidirectional
[NPP(t)-NPP(t-1)]/[t-(t-1)], the value can be positive or negative, which is also represented in
the imageries, due to non-linear wavy nature of NPP.
Logan County
Figure 2 (maps in the middle): Annual change in NPP from 2002 top 2014. The NPP was calculated
for every successive [t-(t-1)] years from 2002 to 2014 for both counties and arranged in
descending order of the year for Breckinridge and Logan Counties respectively in this poster.