Ch. 16, sec. 2 and 3
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The document provides information on the Transcaucasia region which includes Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan located between Europe and Asia. It discusses the various ethnic groups and languages spoken in the region as well as the influence and control of outside powers like Russia throughout history. Modern life in the region includes high literacy rates and important cultural traditions like Georgian dinner parties.
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1) In 1492, Russia was ruled by the Grand Duke of Muscovy, while Scandinavian countries were united in the Kalmar Union.
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The Mongolian Empire began as nomadic tribes in Mongolia that united under Chinggis Khan. [1] Chinggis Khan established a strong military and divided the tribes into groups led by trusted followers. [2] The Mongols then began conquering surrounding lands, creating a vast empire through ruthless warfare and siege tactics. [3] The Empire fractured after Kublai Khan but remnants included the Golden Horde in Russia and the Mughal Dynasty in India.
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China was isolated from other regions by physical barriers like mountain ranges and oceans. The Chinese referred to their land as "Middle Kingdom" and believed they were the center of civilization. Two important rivers, the Yellow River and Yangzi River, flowed through fertile regions in the heartland where most Chinese lived and farmed. The geography contributed to early Chinese cultures developing with little outside influence.
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The document summarizes the nomadic invasions of Eurasia between the 11th and 15th centuries by Turkic and Mongol tribes. It discusses:
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2) The Mongols created the largest contiguous land empire in history through their advanced military tactics and organization. Under Kublai Khan, the Mongol Empire included the Yuan Dynasty in China.
3) Though the nomads disrupted societies
China
The civilization that began along China's river systems 3,500 years ago continues today due to China's relative geographic isolation. China's two longest rivers, the Yellow River and Yangtze River, flow through mountainous and desert terrain, isolating early settlers and allowing civilization to develop independently. Throughout China's history, dynasties such as the Shang, Zhou, Qin, and Han expanded China's political boundaries while maintaining a central civilization, with people outside viewed as barbarians. Confucianism became the dominant ideology promoting family, respect for elders, and social hierarchy. China made numerous innovations in technology, science, and the arts.
7 1
Early Chinese civilization was shaped by its geography of major rivers and mountain ranges. The Huang He and Chang Jiang rivers provided fertile land for farming, though only 10% of China's land was arable, with the rest being mountains or desert. The first centers of Chinese civilization emerged in the Huang He valley, including the Xia Dynasty, though little is known about this early period. The subsequent Shang Dynasty established the city of Anyang in northern China. The Zhou Dynasty then ruled for over 800 years, developing bureaucracy and the concept of "Mandate of Heaven" to justify their right to rule based on virtue. During this period, the Chinese developed new tools like iron plows and engaged in extensive trade of silk along
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This document summarizes key aspects of climate and weather patterns around the world. It discusses how wind is caused by convection and the Coriolis effect, how ocean currents regulate temperatures and precipitation, different climate zones defined by latitude, how elevation affects temperature, and phenomena like El Niño and La Niña that impact weather. It also provides a brief overview of the greenhouse effect and global warming debate.
Tcd2015 brukerforum ny funksjonalitet
Ny funksjonalitet på Trainingportal
Trainingportal Competence Days 2015
Presentation on voice
The document discusses active and passive voice in sentences. It defines active voice as when the subject performs the action of the verb, and passive voice as when the subject receives the action of the verb. It provides examples of converting between active and passive voice, noting that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. It also outlines rules for using "by" and "been" in passive voice constructions and exceptions when the object is a profession or indefinite.
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Tcd 2014 onsdag_03 ocean rig_presight_tp i risikoovervaaking
Tcd 2014 onsdag_03 ocean rig_presight_tp i risikoovervaaking
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Empire_Building_in_Asia,_1450-1750_(28)_.pptx
He apparently assumed that the same result would be true also for the curve y = axm, where a is any constant, and m any number positive or negative; but he discusses only the case of the parabola in which m = 2,
Chapter 16
The document provides an overview of the human geography of Russia and surrounding republics. It describes how Russia expanded greatly between 1500-1900, incorporating a diverse array of peoples and cultures. It then discusses three main regions in more detail: 1) Russia and the western republics, which have a history of expansion and incorporation into the former Soviet Union; 2) Transcaucasia, a culturally diverse region and historical gateway between Europe and Asia with economic potential from oil and gas; 3) Central Asia, a historical crossroads on the Silk Road that is working to establish stability after the Soviet era despite borders drawn by Soviet officials.
Human Movement Presentation on 8-31-10
The document provides information on the Mongols, Bantu people, and Aboriginal Australians. It discusses the origins, migrations, and impacts of each group. The Mongols originated in Mongolia and were united under Genghis Khan, conquering much of Asia and parts of Europe. The Bantu migrated out of West Africa beginning around 1000 AD, becoming the majority population in southern and eastern Africa through their large migrations. Aboriginal Australians migrated to Australia around 15,000 years ago and were the original inhabitants, though their population declined significantly after European settlement beginning in 1788.
LET ASIAN WORLD HISTORY
1. Asia is the largest continent geographically, with varied terrain and over half the world's population.
2. Several early civilizations developed in Asia, including along the Tigris-Euphrates, Nile, Indus, and Yellow Rivers, characterized by organized political systems, specialized labor, writing, trade, and religious beliefs like Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism.
3. Powerful empires and dynasties rose in Asia, such as the Persian Empire under Cyrus and Darius, the Indian Mauryan Dynasty under Chandragupta Maurya, and trade networks expanded between Asia, Europe, and within Asia.
Thunyarath The World In 1492
This document provides an overview of the state of the world in 1492, before Columbus' voyage. It describes the political situations and rulers in various regions of Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. It notes that Islam dominated large parts of Africa and Asia, while Christianity was centered in Europe. The main civilizations and powers included the Spanish monarchy, Russia, the Ottoman Empire, various African empires, India, China, Japan, the Aztec and Inca empires, and various North American tribes. Staple crops and major religions varied by region. The document frames 1492 as a pivotal pre-colonial era before major changes from European exploration and colonization.
Population and Trade
The document summarizes key developments in population growth and expanding networks of exchange between 1000 BCE and 1 CE. Regarding population growth, world population doubled during this period due to factors like the invention of iron tools enabling cultivation of new lands, improved crop varieties, and the use of work animals. This led to more complex societies and cities emerging. Expanding networks of exchange included routes like the Silk Road and sea lanes facilitating trade across Afroeurasia. Large empires like Rome and Han China both required and supported communication networks that allowed for increased cultural diffusion and migration across their vast territories.
The world trade pt.1
In 1492, Europe was made up of many small states that were consolidating into larger powers. Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain sponsored Christopher Columbus and launched a program of exploration and conquest in the Americas. The Ottoman Empire had conquered Constantinople in 1453 and now ruled over Turkey, the Middle East, and parts of Africa and Asia. In Asia, India was under Muslim rule while Southeast Asia engaged in trade. China's powerful navy explored the Indian Ocean but later halted voyages to focus inward, while Japan remained independent. The Aztec Empire ruled Mesoamerica and the Inca Empire expanded in South America as Mayan civilization declined. Staple crops varied by region in Europe and population growth was fue
Central Asia Pastoralist
Deacribes the formation of the Mongols under Genghiis Kahn and the characteristics of one descending tribe, the Kirghiz.
Population trade
The document summarizes key developments between 1200 BCE and 500 CE. Population in Afroeurasia rose significantly due to improved farming techniques, the domestication of work animals, and denser living conditions. This population growth led to more complex societies, increased collective learning, and more people living in large cities. Expanding networks of exchange also developed as trade routes increased interaction and spread of ideas, goods, and diseases across wide areas of Afroeurasia and the Americas.
Early chinese civilizations
Ancient China was one of the oldest and longest lasting civilizations in the history of the world. The history of Ancient China can be traced back over 4,000 years. Located on the eastern part of the continent of Asia, today China is the most populous country in the world.
APWH Period 3 Review
Trade routes expanded significantly between 600-1450 CE as transportation and technology improved. Powerful trading cities and states emerged along major routes, facilitating the spread of goods, peoples, languages, religions and diseases across Afro-Eurasia. Empires encouraged commercial growth by improving infrastructure like roads and canals. Increased contacts led to cultural diffusion and the blending of traditions as ideas, science, and crops spread widely along these networks.
Nations Of Dagestan
The document provides information about the geography, demographics, and ethnic groups of the Republic of Dagestan, located in the North Caucasus region. It discusses the location and borders of Dagestan, its population density and major ethnic groups. It then profiles each of the major ethnic groups, describing their traditional occupations, languages, religions, histories and locations within Dagestan. It also provides details about the capital city of Makhachkala.
E-Booklet-Ancient-Central-Asia-BSEd-2-Social-Studies(0).pdf
Central Asia is a region located within the Asian continent that consists of five countries - Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The region has extremely varied geography, including mountain ranges and vast deserts. In ancient times, Central Asia was home to nomadic empires and tribes that influenced the traditions and cultures of the region. The document provides an overview of the physical geography, human geography, and history of Central Asia, noting key geographical features, ethnic groups, cultural influences, and economic development in the region.
Byzantine Russia Mongols
The document discusses the influence of the Byzantine Empire on Eastern Europe and Russia. It describes how trade routes between the Black Sea and Baltic Sea facilitated cultural diffusion from Byzantium. Russia and much of Eastern Europe adopted Orthodox Christianity. Saint Cyril adapted the Greek alphabet to Slavic languages, creating the Cyrillic alphabet used in Russia. Byzantine architecture and religious art were also copied in Russian culture.
AP Byzantine Empire And Islam Timeline
The Byzantine Empire lasted from 330-1453 CE with its capital of Constantinople, founded by Constantine in 330 CE. Under Emperor Justinian in the 6th century, the Byzantine Empire reached its greatest extent but then lost territory to invaders. The Byzantine Empire preserved Greek and Roman culture and spread Eastern Orthodox Christianity and the Cyrillic alphabet to eastern Europe through missionaries like Cyril and Methodius.
Uzbekistan_history.ppt
Dr. Abror N. Gadaev gave a presentation about Uzbekistan to students in Florida. Uzbekistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia, located between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers. It has a population of 26 million and was formerly part of the Soviet Union, gaining independence in 1991. The presentation provided details on Uzbekistan's geography, climate, cities such as Samarkand, and history from early civilization through Mongol rule and the present day.
Uzbekistan_history.ppt
Dr. Abror N. Gadaev gave a presentation about Uzbekistan to students in Florida. Uzbekistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia, located between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers. It has a population of 26 million and was formerly part of the Soviet Union, gaining independence in 1991. The presentation provided details on Uzbekistan's geography, climate, cities such as Samarkand, and history from early civilization through Mongol rule and the present day.
The Rise of Russia
The document summarizes the rise of Russia from the Grand Principality of Muscovy to the Tsardom of All the Russias under the Romanov dynasty. It describes how Ivan III declared independence from the Mongols and began consolidating Russian-speaking lands. His grandson Ivan IV, known as Ivan the Terrible, established autocratic rule but his erratic behavior led to the Time of Troubles. The Romanovs then established stability and Peter the Great modernized Russia through Westernization, establishing St. Petersburg and reforming the government, military, and society. However, rebellions showed the limits of imposing Western models on Russian traditions.
Chapter 9 Breakdowns
The document summarizes important people, places, works of art, and events in Western and Eastern Europe between 711-1204 CE. In Western Europe, figures like Charlemagne and developments like the rise of the papacy were discussed. Eastern Europe saw the rise of Kievan Russia. Both regions experienced political and religious changes over time, including the Crusades, while still participating in trade between their regions.
Chap 12: Mongols in Eurasia
Mongol conquest of Asia and Eastern Europe by Genghis and Khan Kublai Khan. Also additional information on Mongolia, Russia, the Yuan & Ming Empire, Vietnam, Korea and Japan.
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E-Booklet-Ancient-Central-Asia-BSEd-2-Social-Studies(0).pdf
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Unit 3 and 5 test review
This document provides a review for a test on Units 3 and 5, listing 30 questions about South America, Central America, the Caribbean, and Mexican culture for Unit 3, and 7 questions about Russia for Unit 5. The questions cover topics like physical geography, indigenous peoples, colonial influences, economic activities, culture, and historical events from each region.
Unit 2 test review
This document contains a review list of questions for a Unit 2 test on North America. It includes questions about the mountain ranges and countries of North America, key rivers and regions like the Everglades and Great Plains, as well as political and economic topics like forms of government, the Louisiana Purchase, and shifts to different industry types in the US and Canada. The questions also cover Canada-specific topics such as population distribution, provinces and territories, and how the Prime Minister is chosen.
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The document contains instructions to trace and label a map of Canada including its 10 provinces, 3 territories, provincial and national capitals, and Hudson Bay. It then lists 30 questions about geographic features and locations in Canada to answer using the labeled map.
Ch. 2 3 test review 2013
This document contains a review of topics for a Chapter 2-3 test, including: volcanic eruptions, weathering types, the layers of the Earth, tectonic plates, earthquakes, tsunamis, the spheres of the Earth, ecosystems, erosion, lava vs magma, convection, biomes, tree types, precipitation, climate factors, desert rainfall, tides, tectonic plate interactions, and Earth's seasons. It lists 24 topics and terms that will be on the test.
Ch. 3 section 3 worksheet
This document contains a reading passage about world climate regions with blanks that need to be filled in. It discusses the key factors used to define climates, including temperature and precipitation patterns. It also lists and describes the main climate zones: tropical, dry, polar, temperate, and highland. Specific climate regions like tropical wet, semiarid, marine west coast, humid continental and tundra are explained in terms of their temperature, precipitation and geographic characteristics.
Ch. 3 section 2 worksheet
This document contains a reading passage about factors that influence climate, including wind and ocean currents, zones of latitude, altitude, topography, and the greenhouse effect. It also includes questions about ocean currents in the Pacific and where the Gulf Stream flows. The document provides a chart for taking notes on how different factors like wind currents, ocean currents, zones of latitude, altitude, and topography affect climate and climate patterns over time.
Ch 3 section 3 -climate zones table
This document lists 13 climate zones and provides brief descriptions of temperature and precipitation for each zone. It also notes that humid subtropical and humid continental zones have climates that vary based on location. The highlands zone can be found anywhere with high elevations.
30.1 oceania landforms and resources
There are two peninsulas that branch off Southeast Asia - the Indochinese Peninsula and the Malay Peninsula. This region also contains many archipelagoes, or closely grouped islands, such as the Philippines. It has extensive coastlines and rivers like the Mekong, which forms a wide delta near the coast. The Mekong is also home to the world's largest catfish. Mountains and volcanoes are common due to the region sitting on the ring of fire, with islands evolving over time from volcanoes to coral atolls.
Ch. 32
The document discusses the history of Aboriginal land claims in Australia. It describes how Aboriginal people lost their land after European settlement, as the Europeans did not recognize Aboriginal land ownership and claimed the land as empty under the doctrine of Terra Nullius. Additionally, from 1909 to 1969, the Australian government took around 100,000 mixed-race Aboriginal children from their families in a policy of forced assimilation known as the Stolen Generation. Later land rights laws and court cases like Mabo and Wik have helped overturn the doctrine of Terra Nullius and allow some Aboriginal land claims, though these groups still face challenges in having their land ownership recognized.
Ch. 31
This document provides an overview of Southeast Asia, Oceania, and Australia/New Zealand/Antarctica. It discusses the early histories and cultures of the regions, including the spread of Chinese rule in Vietnam, Hinduism and Buddhism in Southeast Asia, and the first islanders' navigation techniques in Oceania. It then covers European colonization and control starting in the 1500s, independence movements in the 1900s, and traditional and modern economies and societies across the regions.
Mongolia and taiwan
Mongolia was once home to the vast Mongol Empire under Genghis Khan in the 13th century. It broke up in the 1300s and was controlled by China until regaining independence in 1911. Mongolia adopted aspects of Chinese culture but still engages in nomadic herding. Taiwan has strong cultural and historical ties to China but gained independence in the 20th century. It developed a highly successful economy based on manufacturing and trade despite lacking natural resources. Western influences like baseball also became popular in Taiwan.
Ch. 16, section 1
- Russia began as a collection of states in the region between the Baltic and Black Seas, with Vikings settling near present-day Kiev on the Dnieper River until being conquered by Mongolian invaders in the 13th century.
- By the 17th century, the Russian Empire had expanded across Siberia to the Pacific Ocean, but it lagged behind Western Europe scientifically and technologically until industrializing in the late 1800s.
- In 1917, the Russian Revolution overthrew the Russian monarchy, leading to a communist government under Vladimir Lenin and the founding of the Soviet Union in 1922, which Joseph Stalin later transformed into a command economy and consolidated his control over.
Ch. 15, sec. 3
The Aral Sea has shrunk dramatically since 1960 due to diversion of water from its feeding rivers for irrigation. It has lost 80% of its water, destroying the native species and causing health issues from chemicals and salt blown from the receding shorelines. Siberia has extreme temperatures, permafrost, mosquitoes, and was historically difficult to cross but its resources and the Trans-Siberian Railroad enabled settlement and development.
Ch. 15, section 1
Russia has diverse landforms and drainage basins that shape its resources. It spans 11 time zones from eastern Europe to the Pacific Ocean. Most of its population lives in the fertile Northern European Plain. Siberia has large plains and plateaus drained by rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean. Russia has volcanoes in the Far East and the Caucasus Mountains bordering the Black and Caspian Seas. Major rivers like the Volga and lakes like Lake Baikal, the largest freshwater lake, provide resources but also challenges for resource management due to the vast size and harsh climate.
Ch. 15, sec. 2 -climate and vegetation
The document describes several different climate zones and biomes. It discusses the Kara Kum and Kyzyl Kum deserts which cover over 230,000 square miles in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It also mentions the taiga forest region which contains coniferous trees and wildlife, and the temperate deciduous forest zone containing trees like oak, birch, and maple.
Unit 5 test review
The document contains a review for a Unit 5 test on topics related to geography, history, and government of Russia and surrounding regions. It lists 33 multiple choice or short answer questions spanning subjects like physical geography of Northern Europe and Eurasia, countries in the Caucasus region, climate and vegetation zones in Siberia, infrastructure projects like the Trans-Siberian Railway, Russian history from the rule of czars to the fall of the Soviet Union, and cultural aspects like the Silk Road.
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U.S subregion project (Ch. 6.3)
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Is Lucid Dreaming Dangerous? Risks and Benefits!
Lucid Dreaming: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
The ability to control one's dreams or for the dreamer to be aware that he or she is dreaming. This process, called lucid dreaming, has some potential risks as well as many fascinating benefits. However, many people are hesitant to try it initially for fear of the potential dangers. This article aims to clarify these concerns by exploring both the risks and benefits of lucid dreaming.
The Benefits of Lucid Dreaming
Lucid dreaming allows a person to take control of their dream world, helping them overcome their fears and eliminate nightmares. This technique is particularly useful for mental health. By taking control of their dreams, individuals can face challenging scenarios in a controlled environment, which can help reduce anxiety and increase self-confidence.
Addressing Common Concerns
Physical Harm in Dreams Lucid dreaming is fundamentally safe. In a lucid dream, everything is a creation of your mind. Therefore, nothing in the dream can physically harm you. Despite the vividness and realness of the dream experience, it remains entirely within your mental landscape, posing no physical danger.
Mental Health Risks Concerns about developing PTSD or other mental illnesses from lucid dreaming are unfounded. As soon as you wake up, it's clear that the events experienced in the dream were not real. On the contrary, lucid dreaming is often seen as a therapeutic tool for conditions like PTSD, as it allows individuals to reframe and manage their thoughts.
Potential Risks of Lucid Dreaming
While generally safe, lucid dreaming does come with a few risks as well:
Mixing Dream Memories with Reality Long-term lucid dreamers might occasionally confuse dream memories with real ones, creating false memories. This issue is rare and preventable by maintaining a dream journal and avoiding lucid dreaming about real-life people or places too frequently.
Escapism Using lucid dreaming to escape reality can be problematic if it interferes with your daily life. While it is sometimes beneficial to escape and relieve the stress of reality, relying on lucid dreaming for happiness can hinder personal growth and productivity.
Feeling Tired After Lucid Dreaming Some people report feeling tired after lucid dreaming. This tiredness is not due to the dreams themselves but often results from not getting enough sleep or using techniques that disrupt sleep patterns. Taking breaks and ensuring adequate sleep can prevent this.
Mental Exhaustion Lucid dreaming can be mentally taxing if practiced excessively without breaks. It’s important to balance lucid dreaming with regular sleep to avoid mental fatigue.
Lucid dreaming is safe and beneficial if done with caution. It has many benefits, such as overcoming fear and improving mental health, and minimal risks. There are many resources and tutorials available for those interested in trying it.
Lição 12: João 15 a 17 – O Espírito Santo e a Oração Sacerdotal | 2° Trimestr...
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In our interconnected world, lies weave through the fabric of society like hidden threads. We encounter them in politics, media, personal relationships, and even within ourselves. The prevalence of deception raises profound questions about truth, trust, and the human condition.
THE IMPORTANCE OF AWARENESS AND CONSCIOUSNESS
The subject of spiritualism fundamentally relates to two specific tenets, independent yet closely associated as one—awareness and consciousness.
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Ch. 16, sec. 2 and 3
- 3. Gateway between Europe and Asia Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan
- 4. Gateway between Europe and Asia Trade routes near Black Sea led to Mediterranean Europe Trade routes to far east from Caspian Sea More than 50 different ethnic groups Variety of languages Jabal Al-Alsun = “Mountain of Language”
- 5. Gateway between Europe and Asia # of different religions: Christian and Islamic most common Close to the religions’ origins Christianity = Jerusalem Islam = Mecca
- 6. History of Outside Control Russians invaded in 18th century 1723 – captured Baku, Azerbaijan 1801 – annexed Georgia 1828 – took control of large stretch of Armenia
- 7. History of Outside Control Briefly independent from 1917 – 1920s when they were recaptured by the Red Army Regained freedom in 1991
- 8. Modern Life During communist rule, literacy rates rose to 99% Still have high quality education Georgian supra (dinner party) is an important tradition Large quantities of food Use fresh locally grown food Make many toasts throughout the evening
- 9. Central Asia Chapter 16, Section 3
- 10. 5 republics: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan
- 12. Historical Crossroads Travelers called the Silk Road after the silk they bought in China Also used for spreading ideas, technology, and religion Traffic slowed in the 14th century giving way to less expensive sea routes
- 13. The Great Game Great Britain and the Russian Empire began to struggle for control of Central Asia Russia was moving south and GB wanted to stop them before they reached India Both sides recruited young officers who journeyed through the region in disguise to create maps and win over local people Russian Empire gained control by the end of the 19th century
- 14. Nuclear Testing Between 1949 and 1989 scientists exploded 470 nuclear devices Underground explosions cracked walls in towns 50 miles away
- 15. Nuclear Testing Nuclear fall out stretched for 180,000 square miles Exposure caused a dramatic rise in the rates of leukemia, thyroid cancer, birth defects, and mental illness
- 16. Petroleum Hoping oil industry will bring wealth to Central Asia New “Great Game” as countries try to compete for profits Leaders need to establish a stable political and legal institution for their people to benefit
- 17. Cultures Divided and Conquered Before the Russian Revolution, ethnic groups were separated Soviets purposely split up the ethnic groups Used tension between groups to prevent opposition Most groups are tied together through religion: Islam Many speak languages related to Turkish or they speak Russian
- 18. Survival of Tradition Nomads live in the grassland of Central Asia Move from place to place in search of food, water, and grazing Forced to collective farms during Soviet rule
- 19. Have few possessions and usually carry what is most useful Known for their beautiful hand-woven carpets Yurt