This chapter outlines the key learning goals and terms related to studying life-span development from a distinctive perspective. The four main goals are to: 1) discuss the life-span perspective and its characteristics; 2) identify important developmental processes, periods, and issues; 3) describe major theories of human development; and 4) explain how research in this field is conducted. Key terms defined include concepts like development, culture, theories, and research methods.
Sientific Method 5&6 The steps of the scientific conductBarbara Konat
1. Narrowing down the topic of interest.
2. Conducting an exhaustive literature review.
3. Deciding on a question.
4. Formulating a hypothesis.
5. Developing an experiment.
6. Analyzing data.
7. Interpreting results.
Sientific Method 5&6 The steps of the scientific conductBarbara Konat
1. Narrowing down the topic of interest.
2. Conducting an exhaustive literature review.
3. Deciding on a question.
4. Formulating a hypothesis.
5. Developing an experiment.
6. Analyzing data.
7. Interpreting results.
OBJECTIVITY IN SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH Ruby Med Plus
Objectivity is considered as an ideal for scientific inquiry, as a good reason for valuing scientific knowledge, and as the foundation of the authority of science in society. It expresses the thought that the claims, methods and results of science are not, or should not be influenced by particular perspectives, value commitments, community bias or personal interests, to name a few significant factors. Scientific objectivity is a feature of scientific claims, methods and results.
Understanding the concept of social science researchrahuldon1
Research is a very powerful and thoughtful process. It enables a person, scholar, academician to explore beyond the horizon. This document will throw lights on the basic understanding of social science research and philosophy
Research paradigms : simplifying complex debatesThe Free School
This presentation defines the term ‘research paradigm’ with reference to research conducted mostly within human and social sciences disciplines. It also discusses the dominant research paradigms as theorized by leading scholarly publications in these disciplines. This presentation discusses the alternative systems that may aid the researcher to
choose the most appropriate research paradigm.
Introductory discussion provides historical context that explains the reasons why
the notion of the ‘research paradigm’ remains a confusing topic within the
research methods literature. This ambiguity is a core factor that causes this principle to misunderstood by many early-career researchers.
OBJECTIVITY IN SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH Ruby Med Plus
Objectivity is considered as an ideal for scientific inquiry, as a good reason for valuing scientific knowledge, and as the foundation of the authority of science in society. It expresses the thought that the claims, methods and results of science are not, or should not be influenced by particular perspectives, value commitments, community bias or personal interests, to name a few significant factors. Scientific objectivity is a feature of scientific claims, methods and results.
Understanding the concept of social science researchrahuldon1
Research is a very powerful and thoughtful process. It enables a person, scholar, academician to explore beyond the horizon. This document will throw lights on the basic understanding of social science research and philosophy
Research paradigms : simplifying complex debatesThe Free School
This presentation defines the term ‘research paradigm’ with reference to research conducted mostly within human and social sciences disciplines. It also discusses the dominant research paradigms as theorized by leading scholarly publications in these disciplines. This presentation discusses the alternative systems that may aid the researcher to
choose the most appropriate research paradigm.
Introductory discussion provides historical context that explains the reasons why
the notion of the ‘research paradigm’ remains a confusing topic within the
research methods literature. This ambiguity is a core factor that causes this principle to misunderstood by many early-career researchers.
By the end of this presentation you should be able to:
Describe the common qualitative research approaches
Demonstrate how and when to conduct different types of qualitative research
Understand that focus group discussion and interview are not qualitative research methods or designs. They are just tools for data collection.
An overview of, and introduction to, survey-based research in the social sciences.
http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Survey_research_and_design_in_psychology/Lectures/Survey_research
1. Chapter One
Learning Goals
1. Discuss the distinctive features of a life-span perspective on development.
• What is meant by the concept of development?
• Why is the study of life-span development important?
• What are the eight main characteristics of the life-span perspective?
• What are three sources of contextual characteristic?
• What are some contemporary concerns in life-span development?
2. Identify the most important processes, periods, and issues in development.
• What are the three key developmental processes?
• What are eight main developmental periods?
• How is age related to development?
• What are three main developmental issues?
3. Describe the main theories of human development.
• How can theory and hypotheses be defined?
• What are two main psychoanalytic theories?
• What are some contributions and criticisms of the psychoanalytic theories?
• What are three main cognitive theories?
• What are the contributions and criticisms of the cognitive theories?
• What are three main behavioral and social cognitive theories, and how can they be characterized?
• What are the contributions and criticisms of the behavioral and social cognitive theories?
• What is the nature of the ethological theory?
• What are some contributions and criticisms of the theory?
• What characterizes ecological theory?
• What are some contributions and criticisms of the theory?
• What is an eclectic theoretical orientation?
4. Explain how research on life-span development is conducted.
• What methods do researchers use to collect data on life-span development?
• What research designs are used to study human development?
• How is research conducted on the time span of people’s lives?
• What characterizes research journals?
• What are researchers’ ethical responsibilities to the people they study?
• How can gender, cultural, and ethnic bias affect the outcome of a research study?
Key Terms
Development Nature-nurture issue Laboratory
Life-span perspective Stability-change issue Naturalistic observation
Normative age-graded influences Continuity-discontinuity issue Standardized test
2. Normative history-graded Theory Case study
influences
Nonnormative life events Hypotheses Descriptive research
Culture Psychoanalytic theories Correlational research
Cross-cultural studies Erikson’s theory Correlation coefficient
Ethnicity Piaget’s theory Experiment
Socioeconomic status (SES) Vygotsky’s theory Cross-sectional approach
Gender Information-processing theory Longitudinal approach
Social policy Social cognitive theory Cohort effects
Biological processes Ethology Ethnic gloss