Cells are the basic unit of life, with single-celled organisms like bacteria and multicellular organisms such as humans. Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells are simpler, lack a true nucleus, and have structures like cell walls and ribosomes for protein synthesis. Key features of prokaryotic cells include their circular DNA located in the nucleoid and the presence of structures like pili and flagella for movement.

1. Eukaryotes
&
prokaryotes

2. Warm up

4. What is the cell?
 All living things are made of one or more cells .
 The cell is the basic unit of life and is where many life processes
occur.
 Organisms made up of a single cell are called single - celled
organism example : bacteria , protist
 And other organism are made up of trillions of cells are called
multicellular
 exmples : humans , dogs

5. eukaryotes
Organisms with cells that contains a nucleus , a
large organelle surrounded by a double
membrane , where the DNA stored of the
organisms
It’s size from 5:100 micrometer

6. Structure
DNA
• Packed into bundles of chromosomes
• Each cell consisting of linear DNA molecule coiled around basic protein called histons
• It locates in the nucleus
Ribosome
• It is not bound by a membrane
• It is called protein factor
• Made from ribonucleic acids and proteins
Function
• Major sit for synthesis of proteins and polypeptides(chain of minoacid)

7. Prokaryotes cell
• Prokaryotes cell are the simplest and smallest cells, that
are estimated to have been on the earth for 3.5 billion years
• They are the cells that don’t have a true nucleus and
membrane-bound organelle

8. Structure
Cell wall
 It’s function is to prevent the cell from bursting and give it’s shape and
made of substance consists of polymer of sugars and miniacids, It
provides structural support and protection of the wall
Cell membrane
 The inner of the cell is surrounded by a plasma membrane that acts
as a barrier between the inside of the cell and the external environment
 The plasma membrane is selectively permeable meaning that only
certain molecule can pass through it
Cytoplasm
 The cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that contains all the cell
components

9. Structure
Prokaryotes
 Not all prokaryotes cells has flagellum it is allow the cell through liquid
environment
pilus
 Sometimes there is cells that have pilus or fimbria and it’s a short hair
like , it is helping the cell to move through liquid environment
DNA
 It is a circular piece that called nucleoid and it contains all the genetic
information of the cell and it’s not surrounded by a nucleur membrane like
in eukaryotic cells
Ribosomes
 It is responsible for synthesizing proteins