The document provides an overview of the cell cycle, including its key phases: interphase consisting of G1, S, and G2 phases; mitosis which involves four stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase); and cytokinesis. It describes what occurs in each phase and stage, such as DNA replication in S phase and the alignment and separation of chromosomes during mitosis. Checkpoints and programmed cell death are also mentioned.

1. General Biology 1
Lesson: Cell Cycle
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3. Cell Cyle

4. Interphase
G1 phase- cell grows and
organelles doubles.
S phase- (synthesis) DNA
replication, DNA damage is
fixed.
G2 phase- cell continues to
grow and prepares for actual
division.

5. Mitosis
Division of
the nucleus
Also
called karyokineses.
Has four stages
Doesn’t occur
in some cells
such as brain cells

6. The 4 mitotic stages

7. Prophase
-chromosomes condenses and
becomes visible.
-the centrosomes migrate
toward opposite side of the cell.
-nucleolus is not visible.
-nuclear envelope breaks.
-spindle fibers are formed from
the centrioles and attaches to
the chromosomes.

9. Metaphase
-spindle fibers align
the chromosomes
down the equator
(center) of the cell.

11. Anaphase
-the sister
chromatids are
pulled in
opposite sides.

13. Telophase
-reverse of prophase.
-spindle fibers disassemble.
-nuclear envelope and
nucleolus form at each end
of the cell.

14. 14
Four Mitotic Stages
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

15. Cytokinesis
üMeans division of the
cytoplasm.
üDivision of cell into
two, identical halves
called daughter cells.
üIn plant cells, cell
plate forms at the equator
to divide the cell.
üIn animal cells, cleavage
furrow forms to split the
cell.

18. General Biology 1
Lesson: Cell Cycle
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20. 20
Locate the Four Mitotic
Stages in Plants
Metaphase
Prophase
Anaphase
Telophase

21. Cell Division Checkpoints

22. Apoptosis or Programmed Cell Death

24. Mnemonics of the Cell Cycle:
IPMATC
I nterphase
P rophase
M etaphase
A naphase
T elophase
C ytokinesis

34. Crossing-over under the microscope

37. Ploidy
•Number of sets of chromosomes.
+Diploid (2n)= 46 single chromosomes or 23
pairs of chromosomes.
+Haploid (n) = half of diploid or 23 single
chromosomes

42. Questions? Clarifications?