A presentation by pediatric neuropsychologists Eavan Miles-Mason, PhD, and Renee Folsom, PhD, of Concord Comprehensive Neuropsychology Services (CCNS) on ADHD at the Lexington SEPAC.
ADHD: Biopsychosocial Approaches to Treatment of ADHD in Children and AdultsMichael Changaris
This presentation explored the underlying biology of attention, impulsivity and the social/psychological factors impacting treatment. Pharmacotherapy, social and psychological interventions are discussed. The ADHD brain is highly conserved across multiple contexts and present in countries around the world. The ADHD brain has important gifts for human ecologic context adding to insight, creativity and innovation. Supporting people with an ADHD brain to develop skills, self-care and means to channel their abilities can allow many of the struggles of ADHD to manifest as gifts.
ADHD: Biopsychosocial Approaches to Treatment of ADHD in Children and AdultsMichael Changaris
This presentation explored the underlying biology of attention, impulsivity and the social/psychological factors impacting treatment. Pharmacotherapy, social and psychological interventions are discussed. The ADHD brain is highly conserved across multiple contexts and present in countries around the world. The ADHD brain has important gifts for human ecologic context adding to insight, creativity and innovation. Supporting people with an ADHD brain to develop skills, self-care and means to channel their abilities can allow many of the struggles of ADHD to manifest as gifts.
ADHD, Breaking the Misbeliefs and Embracing the Facts of this Gifted Life.David Ieshua Raquel
All across the globe, millions of children and adults have been diagnosed with "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder" or "ADHD" for short. It is a very common neurodevelopmental disorder and knowing the facts associated with this condition is critical in treating it and viewing it properly.
Children diagnosed with ADHD may should symptoms like overactive, unable to control their impulses and trouble in paying attention. The best results of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is shown by IIAHP therapy centre as children improve with our ADHD Treatment. ADHD can recover from our ADHD therapies and techniques. For more information, please visit https://www.iiahp.com/adhd-treatment/
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the brain and results in a variety of inappropriate and maladaptive behaviors. ADHD is not a disease (Kajander 1995) but is a processing deficit that results in children having difficulty with inhibitory control. That is, children with ADHD lack self-control, something they cannot help. In children with ADHD, the parts of the brain that control attention and stop inappropriate behavior are underdeveloped (Barkley 1996; Kajander 1995). ADHD occurs three times more frequently in male students than female students (Reeve et al. 1995) and commonly occurs with other disorders. For example, ADHD occurs in 20 percent to 50 percent of the students with learning disabilities, in 65 percent of the students with oppositional defiant disorder, and in 20 percent to 30 percent of the students with conduct disorder (Reeve et al. 1995; Barkley 1990).
The term ADHD refers to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, a condition that makes it difficult for children to pay attention and/or control their behavior. Learn more about about the causes, diagnosis and treatment of ADHD.
Cerebrum Dallas Health Centers has created a unique visual guide to give you an in-depth look at what goes on inside the brain of someone diagnosed with ADHD.
What are the symptoms of ADHD and how it differs.pptxtharahiniindhu
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects individuals of all ages. While commonly associated with children, ADHD can persist into adulthood and pose significant challenges. This article aims to explore the symptoms of ADHD and shed light on effective treatment options for adults in Chennai, with the guidance of the best psychiatrist.
Visit: https://www.chennaiminds.com/
This PPT Aims to provide knowledge and understanding about the concept of ADHD, Types of ADHD, Causes of ADHD, Symptoms of ADHD, Identifications of ADHD, Teaching Methods of ADHD, Treatments of ADHD, Characteristics of ADHD, Diagnosis of ADHD, Living with ADHD, Resources for ADHD and so on.
ADHD, Breaking the Misbeliefs and Embracing the Facts of this Gifted Life.David Ieshua Raquel
All across the globe, millions of children and adults have been diagnosed with "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder" or "ADHD" for short. It is a very common neurodevelopmental disorder and knowing the facts associated with this condition is critical in treating it and viewing it properly.
Children diagnosed with ADHD may should symptoms like overactive, unable to control their impulses and trouble in paying attention. The best results of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is shown by IIAHP therapy centre as children improve with our ADHD Treatment. ADHD can recover from our ADHD therapies and techniques. For more information, please visit https://www.iiahp.com/adhd-treatment/
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the brain and results in a variety of inappropriate and maladaptive behaviors. ADHD is not a disease (Kajander 1995) but is a processing deficit that results in children having difficulty with inhibitory control. That is, children with ADHD lack self-control, something they cannot help. In children with ADHD, the parts of the brain that control attention and stop inappropriate behavior are underdeveloped (Barkley 1996; Kajander 1995). ADHD occurs three times more frequently in male students than female students (Reeve et al. 1995) and commonly occurs with other disorders. For example, ADHD occurs in 20 percent to 50 percent of the students with learning disabilities, in 65 percent of the students with oppositional defiant disorder, and in 20 percent to 30 percent of the students with conduct disorder (Reeve et al. 1995; Barkley 1990).
The term ADHD refers to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, a condition that makes it difficult for children to pay attention and/or control their behavior. Learn more about about the causes, diagnosis and treatment of ADHD.
Cerebrum Dallas Health Centers has created a unique visual guide to give you an in-depth look at what goes on inside the brain of someone diagnosed with ADHD.
What are the symptoms of ADHD and how it differs.pptxtharahiniindhu
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects individuals of all ages. While commonly associated with children, ADHD can persist into adulthood and pose significant challenges. This article aims to explore the symptoms of ADHD and shed light on effective treatment options for adults in Chennai, with the guidance of the best psychiatrist.
Visit: https://www.chennaiminds.com/
This PPT Aims to provide knowledge and understanding about the concept of ADHD, Types of ADHD, Causes of ADHD, Symptoms of ADHD, Identifications of ADHD, Teaching Methods of ADHD, Treatments of ADHD, Characteristics of ADHD, Diagnosis of ADHD, Living with ADHD, Resources for ADHD and so on.
Life of kids with ADHD, which refers to Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder is difficult. It affects their overall ability to pay attention and manage their daily tasks. Even having control over their emotions and impulses stands out to be critical for them. It affects their academic performance as well as their family relationships.
What is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?
Inattentive, hyperactive & impulsive to excessive degree compared with their peers.
For more info, download the presentation.
Babatunde Idowu Ogundipe M.D. M.P.H.
Comprehensive Clinical Services P.C.
October 7 2011
Respond by providing at least two contributions for improving .docxpeggyd2
Respond
by providing at least two contributions for improving or including in their Parent Guide and at least two things that you like about their guide.
NOTE: Positive comment
Main Discussion
ADHD Parent Guide
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as a chronic neurological disorder characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. In 2016, it is estimated that 6.1 million or 9.4% of children had a diagnosis of ADHD (
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
, n.d.). A diagnosis of ADHD can be both confusing and welcomed. Confusing because the details of the diagnosis are unknown but welcomed because the parents and child finally have a “why” for the child’s difficulties. This parent guide will discuss the pathophysiolology, diagnosing, signs/symptoms, treatment options, and other aspects involved in an ADHD diagnosis.
Pathophysiology
Many research studies suggest ADHD may be caused by interactions between genes and environmental or non-genetic factors. Many cases of ADHD have a genetic origin. A child is 50% more likely to have ADHD if their parent was diagnosed with the condition and 25% of the children with ADHD have parents who have met the criteria for a diagnosis of ADHD. Other factors that can contribute to ADHD is substance use, low birth weight, brain injuries and exposure to some environmental toxins.
ADHD is a result of neurotransmitter disease dysfunction, that effect dopamine and norepinephrine. Dopamine has a role in a person's ability to learn and reinforcing trained response to various situations. Dopamine also plays and important role in "working memory"(
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
, 2004). Norepinephrine effects a person's alertness and attention. Norepinephrine is activated by novel and important stimuli and are quiescent during sleep.
Environmental factors of ADHD is a result of a toxin such as lead or other nuero-toxic substances that may result in delayed development of the child's brain before, during or birth. Substance abuse is a very common cause of pre- and perinatal factors that may result in ADHD. Exposure of the fetus to alcohol is associated with a reduction in the volume of the prefrontal and temporal cortices, the brain areas involved in regulation of attention and control of impulsivity. (
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
, 2004)
Diagnosing ADHD
While there is no single test to diagnosis ADHD, there are ways to obtain an accurate diagnosis.
Who diagnosis ADHD?
There are many health care professionals who are qualified to diagnose ADHD. These professionals include but are not limited to psychiatrist, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP), licensed master social worker (LMSW), licensed professional counselor (LPC), neurologist, pediatricians, and primary care physicians. If there is a concern that a ch.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
1. ADHD Overview Diagnosis & Treatment
O c t o b e r 0 7 , 2 0 1 9
C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e
N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e s
2. C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
Eavan Miles-Mason,
PhD
Renee Folsom,
PhD
4. 5-11% of kids 4-17 have ADHD.
C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHD Overview Diagnosis & Treatment
5. C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
Inattentiveness
OFTEN:
Fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or with
other activities.
Trouble holding attention on tasks or play activities.
Does not seem to listen when spoken to directly.
Does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the
workplace (e.g., loses focus, side-tracked).
Trouble organizing tasks and activities.
Avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant to do tasks that require mental effort over a long period of time
(such as schoolwork or homework).
Loses things necessary for tasks and activities (e.g., school materials, pencils, books, tools,
wallets, keys, paperwork, eyeglasses, mobile telephones).
Easily distracted
Forgetful in daily activities.
6. C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
Hyperactivity
and Impulsivity
OFTEN:
Fidgets with or taps hands or feet, or squirms in seat
Leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is expected
Runs about or climbs in situations where it is not appropriate
Unable to play or take part in leisure activities quietly
Is “on the go;” acts as if “driven by a motor”
Talks excessively
Blurts out an answer before a question has been completed
Has trouble waiting their turn
Interrupts or intrudes on others (e.g., butts into conversations or games)
7. C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
3 Types of
ADHD
Combined Presentation: if enough symptoms of both criteria inattention and
hyperactivity-impulsivity were present for the past 6 months
Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: if enough symptoms of inattention, but
not hyperactivity-impulsivity, were present for the past six months
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: if enough symptoms of
hyperactivity-impulsivity, but not inattention, were present for the past six months.
8. C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
Additional Required
Conditions
Several inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were present before
age 12 years.
Several symptoms are present in two or more settings (such as at home,
school or work; with friends or relatives; in other activities).
There is clear evidence that the symptoms interfere with, or reduce the
quality of, social, school, or work functioning.
The symptoms are not better explained by another mental disorder (such as a
mood disorder, anxiety disorder, dissociative disorder, or a personality
disorder).The symptoms do not happen only during the course of
schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder.
9. There is no ADD.
C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHD Overview Diagnosis & Treatment
10. C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
Additional Required
Conditions
ADHD Brain Scan
11. Executive Functions:
The “CEO” of the Brain is a set of mental skills that help us
organize our thoughts and behaviors, and engage in goal-
directed behaviors
C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHD Overview Diagnosis & Treatment
12. -Working Memory
A system for temporarily
and manipulating information,
which is necessary for a wide
range of cognitive tasks.
Allows us to keep information
mind” for a short period of
use that information in our
thinking
-Novel Problem Solving
ADHD Overview Diagnosis & Treatment
13. ISIS
Initiate –What deserves my
attention? How do I get started?
Sustain – Can I focus my attention
attention and concentration
adequately?
Inhibit – Can I “let go” and stop
what I was doing when
appropriate?
Shift – Can I shift focus smoothly
smoothly and switch the target of
my attention?
ADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
14. Emotional Self Regulation
Expressing feelings
Understanding and managing
feelings
Controlling impulses and
gratification
Reducing Stress
Knowing the difference
feelings and actions
ADHD Overview Diagnosis & Treatment
16. Treatment
What helps?
Medication: Stimulant Medications
Behavioral Intervention
Behavioral plans
Reinforcement systems
Accommodations in the Classroom
preferential seating
cueing for attention
checking for comprehension
graphic organizers
extended time on tests
separate setting to help with distractibility
preview and review of important information
assistance from an aide
C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
17. About medications
• Stimulants (e.g., Ritalin) increase the
availability of dopamine at the
synaptic cleft
• Dopamine is created in the
brainstem, moves throughout the
brain, but there is a breakdown in
absorption in receptor sites in
prefrontal areas
• Stimulants inhibit reuptake into the
presynaptic neuron, increasing the
concentration of dopamine in the
extraneuronal space
• This enhances neurotransmission
18. Treatment
What helps?
Educational Intervention:
OrganizationalTutoring to build study skills, planning and organizational abilities
Maintain organizational systems for tracking materials
Receive support through a 504 or IEP in school
Research has consistently shown that multimodal intervention:
behavioral and educational support + medication is the most effective.
-social skills group -nutrition
-counseling/therapy -sleep regulation
-educational intervention -mindfulness
C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHDOverview Diagnosis &Treatment
19. ADHD often affects students across all aspects of
all their lives + need a comprehensive approach:
behavioral, educational, social, and
psychopharmacological support.
C o n c o r d C o m p r e h e n s i v e N e u r o p s y c h o l o g y S e r v i c e sADHD Overview Diagnosis & Treatment
A disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development
More common in boys than girls 14.5% of boys 6.5% of girls More than twice as common. Girls may even be more underdiagnosed in the context of inattentive behaviors.
Behaviorally defined disorder: often diagnosed by a pediatrician after a brief office visit using checklists. Can be difficult to “tease apart” all of the contributing factors
ADHD symptoms can change over time as a person ages
Adults must meet 5 criteria, though they may present differently such as hyperactivity may appear as extreme restlessness or wearing others out with their activity.
ADD would require 3 of the previous criteria minus hyperactivity.
Adults must meet 5 criteria, though they may present differently such as hyperactivity may appear as extreme restlessness or wearing others out with their activity.
ADD would require 3 of the previous criteria minus hyperactivity.
Functional MRI study which showed unusual activity in specific brain regions for children with ADHD, frontal striatal region and also visual cortex implicated in sight in visual processing. Take away: attention is a complex process involving multiple brain systems and how the interact. There are real, measurable differences in children with ADHD’s brain’s function compared to “typical” children or controls
EF are series of skills that are typically impaired in students with ADHD. They are essential to our ability to marshal or natural abilities and knowledge to produce output. Break down, sequence and organize information.
Novel problem solving: ability to flexibly reason with novel information, (engage in non-rote learning)
Multimodal Treatment Study for ADHD (MTA Group)
14-month Randomized Clinical Trial of Treatment Strategies for ADHD
Three questions:
How do long-term medication and behavioral treatments compare with one another?
Are there additional benefits when they are used together?
What is the effectiveness of systematic, carefully delivered treatments vs. routine community care?
Treatment Conditions
Behavioral treatment
Medication treatment
Combined treatment
Community care
Results
Medication alone had significant improvements in academics, social skills, reduction of anxiety, and parent-child relationships
The best outcome was achieved with combination of medication and behavioral interventions
A lot of under-dosing in routine community care
Retest on medications after a few months - improvements in:
visual motor precision (NEPSY)
spatial span
sustained visual attention (CPT)
Adults must meet 5 criteria, though they may present differently such as hyperactivity may appear as extreme restlessness or wearing others out with their activity.
ADD would require 3 of the previous criteria minus hyperactivity.