1. Planning a Network
Upgrade
Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP –
Chapter 3
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2. Objectives
 Perform a customer site survey.
 Describe the importance of planning when beginning a
network upgrade.
 Describe physical topology considerations when
upgrading a network.
 Describe structured cabling.
 Describe network configuration and interaction of
network devices.
 Describe other considerations when planning an
upgrade.
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3. Documenting the Existing Network
 Perform a site survey.
 Investigate and document the physical layout of the
premises.
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4. Documenting the Existing Network
 Current information gathered during a site survey:
– Number of users and types of equipment
– Current Internet connectivity
– Application requirements
– Existing infrastructure
– Physical layout
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5. Documenting the Existing Network
 Planning information gathered during a site survey:
– Projected growth
– New services required
– Security and privacy requirements
– Reliability and uptime expected
– Budget constraints
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6. Documenting the Existing Network
 Physical topologies
– Wired
– Wireless
 Logical topologies
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7. Documenting the Existing Network
 Understand the relationship between the devices and
the network, regardless of the physical cabling layout
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8. Documenting the Existing Network
 Record information about the current network on a brief
inventory sheet.
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9. Planning the Network Upgrade
 Requirements Gathering
 Selection and Design
 Implementation
 Operation
 Review and Evaluation
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10. Planning the Network Upgrade
 Physical environment
 Wiring closets: MDF, IDF
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11. Planning the Network Upgrade
 Cabling considerations:
– User work areas
– Telecommunications room
– Backbone area
– Distribution area
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12. Planning the Network Upgrade
 Structured cabling
 Cabling choices: STP, UTP, coaxial, fiber optic
 Patch cables
 Horizontal cabling
 Vertical cabling
 Backbone cabling
 Cable management
 Cable labeling
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13. Planning the Network Upgrade
 Straight-through cables
 Crossover cables
 Console (rollover) cables
 Serial cables
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14. Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment
 Managed Service
 In-House
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15. Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment
 LAN switches provide connectivity within the local area
networks.
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16. Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment
 Routers interconnect local networks and are needed in
a WAN environment.
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17. Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment
 ISRs combine the functions of switches, routers,
access points, and firewalls into the same device.
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18. Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment
Factors for choosing a router:
 Type of connectivity
 Features available
 Cost
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19. Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment
 Design considerations:
– Reliability
– Availability
– “5 9s of uptime”
– Fault tolerance
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20. Purchasing and Maintaining Equipment
 IP addressing plan:
– IP address scheme
– Network information
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21. Summary
 A site survey including extensive documentation of both
physical and logical network information must be
performed before a network upgrade can be planned.
 The five phases of a network upgrade include
requirements gathering, selection and design,
implementation, operation, and review and evaluation.
 Structured cabling deals with the placement of cables,
location of wiring closets, cable management, and
electrical considerations.
 Cost and expandability are important considerations
when planning equipment upgrades.
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22. © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22