1) Caves form underground from water dissolving limestone over thousands of years, creating intricate mineral formations and unexpected environments. 2) Some of the largest and most fascinating caves can be found around the world, including Mammoth Cave in Kentucky which is over 500 km long, and caves containing massive selenite crystals in Mexico. 3) In addition to their geological features, caves have also been inhabited by humans and featured ancient cave cities, as well as modern establishments like luxury hotels carved within caves.