Blood Cancer Symptoms, Causes _ 3 Types of Blood Cancerhealthyboost
Leukemia, often known as leukemia, is a blood cancer. A type of blood malignancy known as lymphocytic leukemias (loo-KEE-mee-uh) produces a large number of abnormal blood cells and typically starts in the bone marrow. These immature blood cells, often known as blasts or leukemia cells, are not fully formed. Signs and symptoms may include bruising and bleeding, bone discomfort, exhaustion, fever, and an elevated susceptibility of infections. The absence of healthy blood cells is the cause of these symptoms. Blood tests or bone marrow biopsy are frequently used to make diagnoses.
Blood Cancer Symptoms, Causes 3 Types of Blood Cancer1 (2)
Leukemia‘s precise origin is not known. It is thought that both genetic and environmental (non-inherited) variables are involved. Risk risks include smoking, radiation exposure, certain substances (including benzene), previous treatment, and Down syndrome. Those who have a family history of the disease are likewise more vulnerable. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are the four primary kinds of leukemia. There are also a few less frequent varieties. Cancers of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, which include leukemias and lymphomas, are a more general classification of tumors that impact the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system.
Symptoms
Whether it is leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, MDS, MPN, or another type of blood cancer, the symptoms of blood cancer differ depending on the disease.
among the signs of blood malignancy are:
Unaccounted-for weight loss
Unaccounted-for bruising or bleeding
swellings or lumps
respiration difficulty (breathlessness)
humid night sweats
severe, recurring, or long-lasting infections
A fever of at least 38 °C that is mysterious
Unaccounted-for rashes or irritated skin
discomfort in your joints, bones, or stomach (stomach area)
the weariness that doesn’t get better with rest or sleep (fatigue)
Paleness (pallor) (pallor)
We now know more specifics regarding the signs and symptoms of many blood cancer types. For more information about the signs and symptoms of blood cancer, scroll down.
Not everyone will experience the same symptoms, and some individuals may experience symptoms not included in this list.
When to See a Doctor
It might be challenging to determine whether you should be concerned because many early cancer symptoms are not very precise. Don’t wait, though, as early diagnosis can result in quicker, more successful therapy.
If any blood cancer symptoms persist for more than a few weeks without getting better, you should visit your doctor.
Some patients worry that if they only have the flu or a cold, they won’t “bother” their doctor. However, your doctor would much rather make that diagnosis when they see you right away.
Tests to diagnose blood cancer
Blood malignancies may be diagnosed using the following tests
Blood Cancer Symptoms, Causes _ 3 Types of Blood Cancerhealthyboost
Leukemia, often known as leukemia, is a blood cancer. A type of blood malignancy known as lymphocytic leukemias (loo-KEE-mee-uh) produces a large number of abnormal blood cells and typically starts in the bone marrow. These immature blood cells, often known as blasts or leukemia cells, are not fully formed. Signs and symptoms may include bruising and bleeding, bone discomfort, exhaustion, fever, and an elevated susceptibility of infections. The absence of healthy blood cells is the cause of these symptoms. Blood tests or bone marrow biopsy are frequently used to make diagnoses.
Blood Cancer Symptoms, Causes 3 Types of Blood Cancer1 (2)
Leukemia‘s precise origin is not known. It is thought that both genetic and environmental (non-inherited) variables are involved. Risk risks include smoking, radiation exposure, certain substances (including benzene), previous treatment, and Down syndrome. Those who have a family history of the disease are likewise more vulnerable. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are the four primary kinds of leukemia. There are also a few less frequent varieties. Cancers of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, which include leukemias and lymphomas, are a more general classification of tumors that impact the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system.
Symptoms
Whether it is leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, MDS, MPN, or another type of blood cancer, the symptoms of blood cancer differ depending on the disease.
among the signs of blood malignancy are:
Unaccounted-for weight loss
Unaccounted-for bruising or bleeding
swellings or lumps
respiration difficulty (breathlessness)
humid night sweats
severe, recurring, or long-lasting infections
A fever of at least 38 °C that is mysterious
Unaccounted-for rashes or irritated skin
discomfort in your joints, bones, or stomach (stomach area)
the weariness that doesn’t get better with rest or sleep (fatigue)
Paleness (pallor) (pallor)
We now know more specifics regarding the signs and symptoms of many blood cancer types. For more information about the signs and symptoms of blood cancer, scroll down.
Not everyone will experience the same symptoms, and some individuals may experience symptoms not included in this list.
When to See a Doctor
It might be challenging to determine whether you should be concerned because many early cancer symptoms are not very precise. Don’t wait, though, as early diagnosis can result in quicker, more successful therapy.
If any blood cancer symptoms persist for more than a few weeks without getting better, you should visit your doctor.
Some patients worry that if they only have the flu or a cold, they won’t “bother” their doctor. However, your doctor would much rather make that diagnosis when they see you right away.
Tests to diagnose blood cancer
Blood malignancies may be diagnosed using the following tests
An acute or chronic disease in humans and other warm-blooded animals characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the tissues and often in the blood.
The human body is made out of blood, flesh, bones, tissues, organs and cells. While all these different elements are equally important, it is the blood that connects each and every one of them and helps them perform most efficiently.
What happens when the blood itself is plagued?
This is when serious diseases like blood cancers find themselves building in the human body. Blood cancer, also referred to as leukaemia is basically a group of different blood related diseases. All of these diseases work towards impeding the efficient functions of the blood cells and works at deteriorating them, until the point it is no more effective. Blood cancer can be primarily classified into two distinct groups-
• Acute Leukaemia, and
• Chronic Leukaemia
Some of the best ways to track these diseases is by sampling blood and urine from a potentially affected person, in order to trace tumour markers.
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) occurs primarily in children. Leukemia Cancer doctor In Delhi NCR counts about 6,000 new cases of ALL are diagnosed yearly. The 5-year’s survival rate is 69.9 percent.
visit our website to get appointment with best Cancer Doctor in Delhi NCR : https://cancerconsultindia.com/
An acute or chronic disease in humans and other warm-blooded animals characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the tissues and often in the blood.
The human body is made out of blood, flesh, bones, tissues, organs and cells. While all these different elements are equally important, it is the blood that connects each and every one of them and helps them perform most efficiently.
What happens when the blood itself is plagued?
This is when serious diseases like blood cancers find themselves building in the human body. Blood cancer, also referred to as leukaemia is basically a group of different blood related diseases. All of these diseases work towards impeding the efficient functions of the blood cells and works at deteriorating them, until the point it is no more effective. Blood cancer can be primarily classified into two distinct groups-
• Acute Leukaemia, and
• Chronic Leukaemia
Some of the best ways to track these diseases is by sampling blood and urine from a potentially affected person, in order to trace tumour markers.
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) occurs primarily in children. Leukemia Cancer doctor In Delhi NCR counts about 6,000 new cases of ALL are diagnosed yearly. The 5-year’s survival rate is 69.9 percent.
visit our website to get appointment with best Cancer Doctor in Delhi NCR : https://cancerconsultindia.com/
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
3. What is Leukemia?
Leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by
an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells called "blasts". Leukemia
is a broad term covering a spectrum of diseases. In turn, it is part of the even
broader group of diseases affecting the blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid
system, which are all known as hematological neoplasms.
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4. Leukemia: Causes
Experts do not know what
causes leukemia. They do not
know why some people get it
and others do not. It is likely
that the different types of
leukemia have different
causes.
A serious fact
??????
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5. What is Leukemia?
Leukemia is a treatable disease. Most treatments involve chemotherapy,
medical radiation therapy, or hormone treatments. The rate of cure depends
on the type of leukemia as well as the age of the patient. Children are more
likely to be permanently cured than adults. Even when a complete cure is
unlikely, most people with a chronic leukemia and many people with an
acute leukemia can be successfully treated for years.
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6. Causes of Leukemia
Working with certain chemicals — Exposure to high levels of
benzene in the workplace can cause leukemia. Benzene is used
widely in the chemical industry. Formaldehyde is also used by the
chemical industry. Workers exposed to formaldehyde also may be at
greater risk of leukemia.
Benzene as a cause of leukemia had documented since 1928. In 1948, the American
Petroleum Institute officially reported a link between this solvent used in many of their
industries used and cases of leukemia in their workers. Their findings concluded that the
only safe level of benzene exposure is no exposure at all.
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7. Causes of Leukemia
Very high levels of radiation — People exposed to very high levels of
radiation are much more likely than others to develop leukemia. Medical treatment
that uses radiation can be another source of high-level exposure. Radiation used for
diagnosis, however, exposes people to much lower levels of radiation and is not
linked to leukemia.
Very high levels of radiation have been caused by atomic bomb explosions (such as those in
Japan during World War II) and nuclear power plant accidents (such as the Chernobyl [also
called Chornobyl] accident in 1986).
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8. Causes of Leukemia
Chemotherapy — Cancer patients treated with certain cancer-fighting
drugs sometimes later develop leukemia. For example, drugs known as
alkylating agents are associated with the development of leukemia
many years later.
For patients treated for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), cumulative doses of alkylating agent (AA)
is associated with the risk of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic
syndrome (t-AML/MDS), according to a study published online Jan. 7 in the Journal of Clinical
Oncology.
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9. Causes of Leukemia
Smoking— Tobacco products are the single, major avoidable cause of
cancer. Smoking is also causally associated with cancers of the pancreas,
kidney, bladder, stomach, and cervix and with myeloid leukemia.
SMOKING cigarettes may increase a person's risk of contracting leukemia by 30 percent and
cause up to 3,600 cases of adult leukemia a year in the United States. (Published February 3,
1993)
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10. Causes of Leukemia
Down syndrome and certain other genetic diseases — Some diseases
caused by abnormal chromosomes may increase the risk of leukemia.
Down syndrome was linked to leukemia for the first time in a case report published in 1930.
Since then, Down syndrome has been recognized as one of the most important leukemia-
predisposing syndromes and patients with Down syndrome and leukemia have unique clinical
features and significant differences in treatment response and toxicity profiles compared to
patients without Down syndrome.
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11. Leukemia: Symptoms Over 1 million Americans are
living with, or are in
remission from, leukemia,
lymphoma or myeloma.Cure means that there are no
traces of your cancer after
treatment and the cancer will
never come
back. Remission means that the
signs and symptoms of
your cancer are
reduced. Remission can be
partial or complete
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12. Symptoms
Like all blood cells, leukemia cells travel through the body. Depending on the
number of abnormal cells and where these cells collect, patients with leukemia may
have a number of leukemia symptoms.
Acute leukemia symptoms appear and get worse quickly. Chronic leukemia
symptoms may not appear for a long time; when leukemia symptoms do appear,
they generally are mild at first and get worse gradually.
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13. General Symptoms
• Swollen or tender lymph nodes, liver,
or spleen;
• Easy bleeding or bruising
• Tiny red spots (called petechiae) under
the skin
• Swollen or bleeding gums;
• Sweating, especially at night; and/or
• Bone or joint pain.
• Fever, chills, and other flu-like
symptoms
• Weakness and fatigue
• Frequent infections
• Loss of appetite and/or weight
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14. Symptoms
• In acute leukemia, the abnormal cells may collect in the brain or spinal cord (also
called the central nervous system or CNS). The result may be headaches, vomiting,
confusion, loss of muscle control, and seizures. Leukemia cells also can collect in the
testicles and cause swelling. Also, some patients develop sores in the eyes or on the
skin. Leukemia also can affect the digestive tract, kidneys, lungs, or other parts of the
body.
• In chronic leukemia, the abnormal blood cells may gradually collect in various parts of the body. Chronic
leukemia may affect the skin, central nervous system, digestive tract, kidneys, and testicles.
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15. Types
There are several types of leukemia. The different types of
leukemia are grouped in two ways. One way is by how quickly the
disease develops and gets worse. The other way is by the type of
blood cell that is affected.
• by how quickly the disease develops
• Chronic
• Acute
• by the type of blood cell that is affected
• Lymphoid cells
• Myeloid cells
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16. Chronic leukemia
• In chronic leukemia, the leukemia cells come from mature,
abnormal cells. The cells thrive for too long and accumulate.
The cells grow slowly. It is not unusual in chronic cases for
symptoms to take a long time to even appear.
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17. Acute leukemia
• Acute leukemia develop from early cells, called "blasts".
Blasts are young cells, that divide frequently. They target
immature cells, causing symptoms to appear quickly. In
acute leukemia cells, they don't stop dividing like their
normal counterparts do.
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18. Lymphocytic leukemia
• Lymphocytic leukemia begins from white blood cells called
lymphocytes or immature types of lymphocytes. It
commonly affects lymph nodes in the body but can invade
all body tissues.
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19. Myelogenous or Myeloid
• Myelogenous leukemia involves the other 3 common types
of white blood cells known as granulocytes. They are the
neutrophils, eosinophils, or basophils.
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20. Diagnosis
The diagnosis of leukemia frequently occurs following a routine
blood test that results in an abnormal blood cell count. If you have
symptoms that suggest leukemia, your doctor will try to find out
what's causing the problems. Your doctor may ask about your
personal and family medical history.
You may have one or more of the following tests:
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21. Blood tests
• Blood tests: The lab does a complete blood count to check
the number of white blood cells, red blood cells, and
platelets. Leukemia causes a very high level of white blood
cells. It may also cause low levels of platelets
and hemoglobin, which is found inside red blood cells.
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22. Diagnosis
• Biopsy: Your doctor removes tissue to look for cancer cells. A
biopsy is the only sure way to know Your doctor removes some
bone marrow from your hipbone or another large bone. A
pathologist uses a microscope to check the tissue for leukemia
cells. There are two ways your doctor can obtain bone marrow.
Some people will have both procedures during the same visit:
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23. Diagnosis
• Biopsy
• Bone marrow aspiration: The doctor uses a thick, hollow
needle to remove samples of bone marrow.
• Bone marrow biopsy: The doctor uses a very thick,
hollow needle to remove a small piece of bone and bone
marrow.
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24. Diagnosis
• Cytogenetics: The lab looks at the chromosomes of cells from
samples of blood, bone marrow, or lymph nodes. If abnormal
chromosomes are found, the test can show what type of leukemia
you have. For example, people with CML have an abnormal
chromosome called the Philadelphia chromosome.
• Chest x-ray: An x-ray can show swollen lymph nodes or other signs
of disease in your chest.
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25. Diagnosis
• Spinal tap: Your doctor may remove some of the cerebrospinal fluid
(the fluid that fills the spaces in and around the brain and spinal cord).
The doctor uses a long, thin needle to remove fluid from the lower
spine. The procedure takes about 30 minutes and is performed with
local anesthesia. You must lie flat for several hours afterward to keep
from getting a headache. The lab checks the fluid for leukemia cells or
other signs of problems.
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27. Treatment
The goal of treatment for leukemia is to destroy the leukemia cells and allow normal
cells to form in your bone marrow. Treatment decisions are based on the kind of
leukemia you have, its stage, and your age and general health. Many times, leukemia is
treated with one or more types of treatment.
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28. Treatment for Acute Leukemia
Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy is the use of drugs that either kill cancer cells or
preventing the cells from dividing. Chemotherapy can be given in a variety of
ways, with IV infusion and pill being more common. The type of chemotherapy
given depends on the stage and type of lung cancer. Some types of acute
leukemia spread to the brain and spinal cord. Regular chemotherapy cannot
reach those areas, because your body puts up a special barrier to protect them. A
different way of giving chemotherapy, called intrathecal chemotherapy, treats
these areas by injecting the drugs directly into your spinal canal to attack any
leukemia cells there.
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29. Treatment
Radiation Therapy - Radiation therapy uses high doses of radiation,
such as X-rays, to destroy cancer cells. Radiation is usually given from a
machine outside the body that directs radiation to the cancer (external
radiation). Radiation is also used to treat acute leukemia that has spread
to the brain and spinal cord.
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30. Treatment
Stem cell transplant may be part of the treatment plan for people who have high-risk
acute leukemia. Most stem cell transplants for leukemia are allogeneic, meaning the
stem cells are donated by someone else. The goal of a transplant is to destroy all the
cells in your bone marrow, including the leukemia cells, and replace them with new,
normal cells.
Stem cell transplant . Donated cells from a "matched" donor can rebuild your supply
of normal blood cells and your immune system.
Chemotherapy. Sometimes medicines or doses that are different from those used
during your initial chemotherapy can help.
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31. Treatment of Chronic Leukemia
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic
leukemia is not always
treated right away. It
usually gets worse more
slowly than acute leukemia.
Watchful waiting - CLL usually gets
worse very slowly, and you may have no
symptoms for some time. You and your
doctor may decide to hold off on
treatment for a while. During this time
your doctor will watch you carefully.
Radiation therapy - Radiation may be
used to destroy cancer cells. It also may
be used to shrink swollen lymph nodes or
a swollen spleen. Sometimes radiation is
used on the whole body to prepare for
a bone marrow transplant.
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32. Treatment
• Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy is the use of medicines that attack cancer cells. Many
medicines are available to fight leukemia and help you live longer.
• Surgery - If the spleen starts destroying red blood cells and platelets, it may need to
be removed. This operation is called a splenectomy.
• Targeted therapy with a monoclonal antibody. These antibodies can kill cancer cells,
stop their growth, or keep them from spreading.
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33. Treatment of Chronic Leukemia
Chronic Myelogenous
Leukemia
• Targeted therapy with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, such
as imatinib or dasatinib, is the first treatment used for CML.
• Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy is the use of medicines that
attack cancer cells. Many medicines are available to fight
leukemia and help you live longer.
• Biological therapy - This is the use of special medicines that
improve your body's natural defenses against cancer.
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34. Treatment of Chronic Leukemia
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
• High-dose chemotherapy with stem cell transplant - After chemotherapy is
completed, stem cells that were previously donated and frozen are thawed and
infused.
• Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) - This is a treatment that may be used after a stem
cell transplant. With DLI, a person is given more of their donor's white blood cells
(lymphocytes).
• Surgery - If the spleen starts destroying red blood cells and platelets, it may need to be
removed. This operation is called a splenectomy.
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