Case Study Of Better Group

Case Study Of Better Group
CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISSCUSSION
4.1 General Data of BWG Better World Green Public Company Limited (BWG), located in Kaeng
Khoi, Saraburi province, has constructed to responsible for industrial waste management with a
view to following government's pollution reduction policies. Furthermore, Better Group's Operation
that intends to provide all clients as ONE STOP SERVICE. Table 4.1 shows types of business of
Better Group. The operation chart and general procedure of Better Group were shown in Fig. 4.1
and Fig. 4.2, respectively.
Fig. 4.1 Operation chart of Better Group
Table 4.1 Types of business of Better Group
Company Type of Business
1. Better World Green Public Company Limited (BWG) Integrated Waste Management Center at
Saraburi province: operating hazardous and non–hazardous landfill, wastewater treatment and fuel
blending ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Better Waste Care Company Limited (BWC) Supporting in waste collection and delivery to cement
kilns and the incinerator of the Department of Industrial Works.
3. Better World Transport Company Limited (BWT): Managing waste transportation with
appropriate vehicles and containers. waste transportation with appropriate vehicles and containers
and transportation routes
4. Earth Tech Environment Company Limited (ET) Supporting in waste recycling and providing
advisory service on appropriate waste disposal process and method to clients.
5. Akkhie Prakarn Public Company Limited (AKP) Supporting in waste combustion in the
incinerator which is only incinerator in Thailand which is able to dispose both hazardous and non–
hazardous industrial waste.
This incinerator is the corporation between BWG and Department of Industrial Works, located in
Bangpoo Industrial Estate, Samutprakarn
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Environmental Health Impacts Of Msw Landfilling And...
THE COMPARISON OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH IMPACTS IN MSW
LANDFILLING AND INCINERATION USING LCA IN DIFFERENT HEALTH SYSTEMS
By
Ahmad Alqassim
Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences in the School of Public Health and Tropical
Medicine
Tulane University
Nov/30/2015
Abstract
Introduction: Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a complicated process that involves
many technological options. In this review, we studied three different health systems effects
regarding the impacts of MSW incineration and landfilling as models of managements on three
environmental health measures, including global warming (GWP), acidification (AP), and nutrient
enrichment (NEP) potentials. We further investigated whether such differences change our approach
in the selection of the appropriate management option.
Materials and Methods: Life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted here to assess the
environmental health impacts through all MSW management stages from production till treatment
and disposal through four main phases: goal and scope, life cycle inventory, life cycle impact
assessment and interpretation.
Results and Discussion: We found that the results are similar in two countries, Brazil and China
where the GWP, AP and NEP were higher in landfills than in incinerators while in Canada the
opposite was true. This indicates that the health standards and policies in the countries determine the
environmental health impacts of these technologies.
Conclusion:

Environmental Impacts Of Global Warming
Damage caused by environmental destruction is often very subtle which tends to influence the scale
of harm based on the crimes that are caused by individual wrongs. Environmental damaged that is
caused by just one individual is exclusively minor which causes it to be unnoticed, whereas a major
group of people harming the environment at once causes major harm to society. In the last few
decades, there has been a heightened awareness of environmental issues by governments, policy
makers, advocacy groups, business firms, and the public all over the world. More than a century of
industrial development has caused negative environmental impacts such as global warming, ozone
depletion, and air and water pollution. These are recognized as global environmental problems that
need immediate solutions. International environmental agreements, government environmental
policies and regulation, industry environmental management practices, and pro–environmental
consumer behavior are some ways of addressing environmental problems. Global warming, is one
of the most noticeable example of worldwide corporate environmental impact. The corporate role in
this, the potentially most severe and all–encompassing of environmental disasters, is quite clear.
Climate change has a number of negative factors on individuals and societies around the world. It
causes nations to witness and be a part of poverty, limits their resources such as water and electricity
and can cause huge weather disasters (Klein,

Ford Hybrid Marketing Plan
Introduction The push for green cars comes from people looking for ways to lessen their impact on
the environment and become less dependent on oil. The research into alternative and more efficient
energy is ongoing, but there is technology available for those who are willing to help. At the
individual level, personal automobiles are one of the easiest ways for people to help with the
movement. As more people are becoming informed and taking action, companies are feeling
pressure from the government and customers to make changes. The change process has been
relatively slow and not all countries feel passionate about making changes. In Greece, the change
has been slow to sell more green cars. Our consulting group has been assigned ... Show more
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They have around 65% of the sales. The other 35% is distributed among other small regions like
Epirus, Aegean Island, Ionian Island etc. Change in Sales 2005/2006 Sales 2005 Sales 2006 Change
05/06 Toyota 21,961 25,514 16.18% VW 19,091 21,256 11.34% Ford 19,639 20,357 3.66%
Hyundai 24,859 19,715 –20.69% Opel 21,515 18,154 –15.62% While comparing the total sales for
2005 and 2006 we observed that three of the top five companies have positive growth rates and two
of them are negative. Toyota has increased it's sales by 16.18% (from 21,961 sales in 2005 to 25,514
sales in 2006); VW has a positive growth of 11.34% (from 19,091 sales in 2005 to 21,256 sales in
2006); furthermore, Ford has a positive increase in sales by 3.66% (from 19,639 sales in 2005 to
20,357 sales in 2006). On the other hand, Opel has a negative growth rate of 15.62% (from 21,515
sales in 2005 to 18,154 sales in 2006); Hyundai is the second company with negative growth. The
sales have decreased by 20.69% (from 24,859

The Problems Of Waste And Waste Management
What are the dilemmas with Waste or Urbanization and Farming? Before we can begin to discuss
this topic we first must look into the impact of waste and waste management, but more importantly
what types of waste we produce. Most people really do not care about the environment until it
impacts them or their family directly. How many times have you been driving down the road and
watch someone throw trash out the window. Think about what you thought at that very moment.
Now that you have the right mindset let's look into what waste we produce. Here are just a few
examples of the waste we humans produce; solid, nuclear, and waste from pathogens. Oh you
thought I was going to tell you about the stuff you throw into the trash can, not exactly. Let's define
waste, waste is "a sparsely settled or barren region, uncultivated land, a broad and empty expanse,
the act or an instance of wasting, the state of being wasted, loss through breaking down of bodily
tissue, gradual loss or decrease by use, wear, or decay, damaged, defective, or superfluous material
produced by a manufacturing process: as material rejected during a textile manufacturing process
and used usually for wiping away dirt and oil: scrap: an unwanted by–product of a manufacturing
process, chemical laboratory, or nuclear reactor: refuse from places of human or animal habitation:
garbage, rubbish: excrement, often used in plural sewage, material derived by mechanical and
chemical weathering of the

Landfills and Garbage Incinerators Essay
It is seven of the clock. Do I hear a truck? I need to get the garbage outside! A weekly regimen for
all but no one usually thinks about what happens to our trash. Once it is in a plastic bag most people
pretend that it does not exist. They tend to believe that waste disposal is an issue for the government
and private contractors. While this is true, these people have to decide how to dispose of everyone's'
garbage. And they have to ask, what impact will this refuse have on the environment and community
after it is out of sight and mind?
There are three basic ways that trash is disposed of recycling, landfills and incineration. Each with
their own perks and flaws. Recycling has been and will continue to be the worldwide favorite ...
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The resource recovery facility then burns the recyclable material. However, RDF plants are very
expensive to operate and construct making the best option for waste to energy technology be mass
burn incinerators. A mass burn incinerator is much closer related to the high polluting incinerators of
the 1950s. This type of incinerator simply burns the garbage at high temperatures and uses the heat
to drive a turbine that produces electricity. These modern incinerators must adhere to guidelines set
by the Environmental Protection Agency therefore they have measures to limit their pollutant
output. These include filters to catch ash and the toxic parts of the released gases. (Mckinney and
Michael 531–32) The issue on most peoples' minds today is: How will this affect me? In this case,
will whatever method my government picks be detrimental to my health? There have been several
studies regarding this topic for instance one study published in the Journal of Environmental
Management says that "WTE (waste to energy i.e. incinerators) treatment is a better option than
landfilling...due to the differences in non–cancer and cancer health risks..."(Moy et al. 77). In the
previous study's abstract they claim that landfills have "individual cancer and non–cancer risks that
are five times greater than WTE" to the surrounding community (Moy et al.

Oil and Gas Law.
A THESIS
ON
ENERGY LAW
THAT
CRITICALLY EXAMINES THE LEGAL ISSUES IN THE DEREGULATION OF THE
DOWNSTREAM SECTOR OF THE NIGERIA INDUSTRY: CONSIDERING THE ARGUMENTS
IN FAVOUR AND AGAINST DEREGULATION INCLUDING ISSUES PERTAINING TO
OPERATION OF THE REFINERY ,WITHDRAWAL OF OIL SUBSIDIES AND APPROPRIATE
PRICING IN A LIBERALISED ECONOMY.
.
INTRODUCTION. Nigeria is blessed with vast quantity of oil making it the 6th largest oil exporter
in the organization of petroleum exporting country. Oil is a major source of energy in Nigeria and
the world in general. Oil being the mainstay of the Nigerian economy plays a vital role in shaping
the economic and political destiny of the country. Although Nigeria's oil industry was founded at the
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Namely the downstream and the upstream sector. Exploration and production activities make up the
upstream sector .activities subsequent to production of crude oil are called downstream operations.
This includes refining marketing and distribution. some oil companies choose to operate in one
sector only for example exploration and production. they are said to have an upstream interest.
Today, the oil industry is in particularly difficult s situation in Nigeria. This hardship has both the
international and national dimension. At the global level, with the breakdown of global ideological
barriers, opportunities for international oil exploration are available in geographical/ geological
areas which we did not fore see a few years ago. The political and economic opening of high
potential area previously closed to western investment is creating immense demands on the sources
of private western capital. low oil pricing have also constrained industry funds available for
investments in further exploration activities in the industry worldwide, including Nigeria. At the
national level the inability of government to raise its quota in the joint venture creation has led to the
production sharing contracts. However we propose to focus on the legal frame work for appropriate
funding of the oil industry and this is done within the contractual framework of agreement for oil

Essay on decriminilization of marijuana
Every year our government spends more than nineteen billion dollars to eradicate it's use
in the United States. About seventeen thousand people were arrested last year because of it. We
spend twenty thousand dollars a year per inmate to hold these jailbirds captive. Who are these
dangerous criminals you ask? Stoners.
One argument against the decriminalization of marijuana is why would we want to introduce
another intoxicant into our society when alcohol and cigarette smoking is already so damaging?
Marijuana is far less harmful to the body than cigarettes. Not to mention while it may be potentially
habit forming, it is not addictive. When comparing marijuana to ... Show more content on
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If decriminalized users could obtain their marijuana at government regulated prices (Incardi 285).
Money that the government cultivated from the selling of marijuana, the money they saved from
reducing the war on drugs to hurtful drugs like cocaine and heroin, and the money saved from not
housing so many inmates every year is much needed.
We know that our criminal justice system can coerce problem drug users into meaningful and
productive sobriety, or, if necessary, can remove problem drug users from society for long periods of
time if they are violent or destructive to others. So why do we persist with our failed drug policy,
which imprisons weekend pot smokers? If someone is using or abusing drugs, and is not a problem
to anyone but themselves, we should educate them and provide treatment on demand. If those
people do pose a threat to society they will find a way into the court system one way or another. This
program has worked effectively with alcohol abuse and could work just as effectively with
marijuana abuse (Gray 229).
Sure, I can understand why the government might be a little hesitant to admit they have been
throwing our tax money at this cause for decades. So far all I have mentioned are laws prohibiting
the recreational use of marijuana, which is comparatively less beneficial than the medicinal uses that
would be available. The governments's senseless fear of

The Effects Of Grazing On Wildlife And Plant Species And...
Rangeland is any extensive area of land that is occupied by native herbaceous or shrubby vegetation
which is grazed by domestic or wild herbivores. Over the last couple of decades grazing of public
rangelands in the United States has become very controversial. Groups opposing has cited
degradation of public trust resources and detrimental to wildlife and plant species while advocates
believe that grazing is beneficial to the wildlife and plant species and holding up the long tradition
of ranching. However, beyond the arguments of both sides is a complex web of scientific
information, ecosystem processes, and practical issues related to grazing that must be carefully
considered before judging whether grazing is beneficial or detrimental for any given situation. In
most cases the question is not black and white, but rather a matter of weighing the expected effects
of grazing against the objectives for a particular site.
Rangelands occur on all continents, particularly in Africa, Australia and the United States. It
presently occupies about 47% of the world's land and contributes significantly to the production of
ecosystem goods and services. In Australia alone, almost 81% is classified as rangeland. In the
United States 36% is considered rangeland, with 53% located in 19 western states. At present United
States rangelands comprise approximately 770 million acres with the private sector owning more
than half. Rangelands in the United States are diverse lands from the

The Space Race: A Waste Of Money
As technology rapidly improves the reach that humanity has on the universe continues to expand.
While the Appalachian Mountain range, was once a limiting factor for the inhabitants of America, it
has now expanded to the unimaginable depths of space. Space is now the new frontier, and has been
following the advancements in space travel and aeronautics stemming from the presidency of John
F. Kennedy. Moving forward the question now remains as to whether we should continue to lead in
furthering knowledge regarding space travel, or remained focused on an "Earth First" mentality.
Space exploration is important because it helps create a society that refuses to stagnate as well as a
building block for the future and advancing the sciences. The first major push for expanding the
United State's knowledge concerning space travel, occurred under John F. Kennedy's presidency. ...
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Later in the article DeGroot states,
"Forget giant leaps for mankind, Nasa is a machine for spending money. That fact has been driven
home by the ignominious failure of the Orbiting Carbon Observatory, a $278 million package which
blasted off from Vandenberg air force base on Tuesday and promptly crashed into the Pacific.".
(DeGroot)
DeGroot fails to properly address the intent of the mission within his article as the OCO, Orbiting
Carbon Observatory–2 , is NASA's first dedicated Earth remote sensing satellite to study
atmospheric carbon dioxide from space. The sole fact that NASA is attempting to launch a satellite
into space, let alone measure and observe CO2 levels across Earth, should be an exciting
accomplishment for DeGroot and anyone who shares his ideas about NASA and space exploration
in

A Brief Note On Erect An Energy From Waste ( Efw )...
2.0 The Project
The proposal is to erect an Energy from Waste (EfW) Incinerator to be sited on the Proposed
Location (see Map), while choosing the best possible location on the map, and giving supporting
arguments.
Incineration is a practical method of disposal that saves a lot of money on transport of waste to
landfills and therefore also the carbon footprint that such transport leaves behind. The sheer
reduction in the space required to dispose of the 10 percent of waste that it does produce relieves
pressure on land, which in urban areas can constitute a big saving (Rulkens, W., 2007). Landfills
have never been a pretty site and also give rise to a lot of pests and insects. An incinerating plant
will look like any other industrial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This scope of this EIA covers the plant infrastructure construction, the incineration process/
operation of plant, electricity recovery and disposal of ashes. The additional process of delivering
the slag and residues of the incineration process to landfill has also been taken into account.
A Waste Incinerator which is designed specifically for Energy Recovery generates significant
electrical power and thermal energy due to the high calorific value of the waste. The efficiency of
energy recovery (production of electricity) is 20%. Material recovery is also achieved in this
process, particularly Fe metals. For front–end materials, recovery is 50%, while for back–end
materials, it is 5%(Cheng, H.et al., 2010).
2.2 The Process of Incineration
In the process of incineration, incinerators reduce the waste by burning it after the incinerator is
initially fired up with gas or other combustible material (Hjelmar, 1996). The process is then
sustained by the waste itself. Complete waste combustion requires a temperature of 850º C for at
least two seconds but most plants raise it to higher temperatures to reduce organic substances
containing chlorine. Flue gases are then sent to scrubbers which remove all dangerous chemicals
from them. To reduce dioxin in the chimneys where they are normally formed, cooling systems are
introduced in the chimneys. Chimneys are

Global Warming And The Warming
Global warming has become a well conversed topic among scientists and peoples in the world today.
There are extremists who do everything possible to stop contributing to the warming, but the
average person does little to alleviate the issue and in many cases refuses to acknowledge that there
is a problem at all. Dating back to millions of years ago, even before humanity was born, the world
has always experienced one form or another of warming; so the warming seen today is not as bizarre
as many may think. The prevalent saying that history often repeats itself, is no joke when discussing
global warming. As to what is kindling the current warming, that is where a query is imposed.
Scientists from around the globe have theorized close to every possible contributor to the warming
seen today, and the conclusion that present occurrences of global warming are being evoked by
human interference has become evident.
Human existence and activities have proved to contribute immensely to the warming. When oil was
first becoming a major world energy resource, greedy capitalists actively pursued any and all
measures to profit from it. The expansion of embryonic corporations became the single most
superior motive, forgetting completely about the care of the planet. All aspects of oil production,
including the: extraction, refining and transportation generated considerable amounts of
environmental pollution. Oil spills from international transportation became a major concern and in
1990

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Solid Waste
2. METHODS
The main technological choices available for processing/ treatment and disposal of solid waste are
composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion/ biomethanation, incineration, gasification and
pyrolysis, plasma pyrolysis, production of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), also called as pelletization
and sanitary landfilling/landfill gas recovery. Not all technologies are equally good. Each one of
them has benefits and disadvantages.
2.1 COMPOSTING :–
Composting is a technology known in India since times immemorial. Composting is the
decomposition of organic matter by microorganism in warm, moist, aerobic and anaerobic
environment. Farmers have been using compost made out of cow dung and other agro–waste. The
compost made out of urban heterogeneous waste is found to be of higher nutrient value as compared
to the compost made out of cow dung and agro–waste. Composting of Solid Waste is, therefore, the
most simple and cost effective technology for treating the organic fraction of solid waste. Full–scale
commercially viable composting technology is already demonstrated in India and is in use in several
cities and towns. Its application to farm land, tea gardens, fruit orchards or its use as soil conditioner
in parks, gardens, agricultural lands, etc., is however, limited on account of poor promoting.
Main benefits of composting include improvement in soil texture and augmenting of micronutrient
deficiencies. It also increases moisture–holding capacity of the soil and

Soil Pollution
SOIL POLLUTION
INTRODUCTION
Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the Earth's rocky surface. The
organic portion, which is derived from the decayed remains of plants and animals, is concentrated in
the dark uppermost topsoil. The inorganic portion made up of rock fragments, was formed over
thousands of years by physical and chemical weathering of bedrock. Productive soils are necessary
for agriculture to supply the world with sufficient food. A soil pollutant is any factor which
deteriorates the quality, texture and mineral content of the soil or which disturbs the biological
balance of the organisms in the soil. Pollution in soil has adverse effect on ... Show more content on
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Ground–waters pollution is particularly dangerous for the water we drink, coming from wells and
natural sources of the areas where pesticides are used, given that pesticides, after reaching the deep
layers of the soil and the ground–waters, are protected from the oxidation by the air and are more
persistent. To give an example, in Italy one of the most developed farming Countries of Europe, the
herbicides pollution in the soil has reached worrying levels: from a monitoring campaign about
pesticides made by the APAT public authority in the period 2003–2005, there were 119 different
pesticides detected as pollutants; 112 of them were found in superficial waters and 48 in ground–
waters.
The pesticides residues were found, only in 2005, in 485 monitoring sites (47% of the total sites)
and the levels of pesticides were above the limits for drinking water in 27.9% of sites, About
underground waters, 630 monitoring sites were contaminated and were 24.8% of the total, with
7.7% of cases above the limits for drinking water.In addition, intensive farming tends to deplete the
soil of its mineral content and against this, it uses artificial fertilizers containing phosphorus and
nitrogen.Also this is pollution because the soil is exploited too much and changes its features.To
remedy against a situation like this, the only solution is a definitive and massive conversion of all
cultures to organic farming. This is not a

Ugly, Ugly American, By Robert J. Lederer And Eugene...
Zachery Ringstrom
Professor Sullivan
English 5–01
10/2/14
Ugly, Ugly Americans
At the heart of nearly every world conflict, the United States of America is either at the epicenter, or
in some way, majorly involved; this has caused disdain among many nations of the world–and their
disdain for the United States and her means has been demonstrated in various attacks, kidnappings,
and other acts of terror. And while there are plenty of Americans going off into the world making
effective, meaningful change that doesn't spur the resentment of other nations, it is easily seen that
there are many Americans–a majority–that continue to give other nations the impression that
Americans are pompous, ugly people. The criteria of Americans being judged as either Good
Americans or Ugly Americans is derived from William J. Lederer and Eugene Burdick's genius
novel, The Ugly American, which gives in–depth descriptions of good and ugly Americans through
talented storytelling–stories based on actual people and events. The authors foster a sharp contrast
between what an Ugly American is and what a Good American is; they begin their novel with an
example of an Ugly American–ambassador to Sarkhan: Louis Sears. He is an American who
believes everything is done better the "American way." He refuses to learn the language of the
people he is an ambassador to because he regards it as unimportant–he believes that anyone who is
important or worth talking to will know English. Ambassador Sears wasn't

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Power Sector In Nigeria
[18] succinctly highlighted some of the challenges facing the investors that acquired Nigeria
electricity assets after privatization as follows: insufficient gas supply due to poor gas infrastructure
,cost unreflective tariff regime, obsolete transmission line assets and power sub–stations, non–
bankable gas supply agreements , changes in government and uncertainties as to the future direction
of government policies ,Bureaucracy of government agencies, lack of affordable and accessible
long–term funding ;Foreign exchange and currency issues ; vandalism of power plants, equipment
and transmission lines.
The following key players are also identified in Nigeria's reformed power sector: The Federal
Ministry of Power; National Electricity Regulatory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Solar energy is transferred to the earth through radiation and the energy reaching the top of the
earth's atmosphere is estimated at 1400watts/m2. It is used directly for a wide range of human life
activities including simple domestic use – drying cloths, crop and providing hot water for home use;
commercial generation of electricity using photovoltaic equipment; and heating water to drive
turbines in thermal electric generators. In recent times photovoltaic cells are used to convert sunlight
into electricity with 40 percent efficiency Another method of using solar energy to generate
electricity also used in recent times is to convert the sun's energy into heat which is then stored in
thermal tanks. The thermal tanks contain molten salts or paraffin wax which can absorb tremendous
amount of heat energy without changing state. The heat can then be used as a heat source in steam
engines to drive electric generators. Such thermal tanks usually have capacities of up to 1.44 Tera
joules per 68m3. Grid tie allows excess energy to be sent to the transmission grid; the rest of the
electricity can then be stored or used directly with solar inverters for AC

Municipal Solid Waste ( Msw )
2.4. MUNICPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW)
Municipal solid waste (MSW) publicly known as trash or garbage is defined according to the
Landfill directive (1999) as waste from households as well as other waste streams that are similar in
composition. Generally, MSW can be characterized as waste coming from residential, institutional,
commercial and industrial sources and they include; product packaging, kitchen waste, papers,
plastics, garden waste etc. MSW does not include construction and demolition debris, automobile
industries, waste water sludge, etc. (EPA, 2006). Table 2.1 comprises as sources of MSW and their
examples.
SOURCES OF MSW EXAMPLES
Residential Kitchen waste, yard trimmings, food packaging, cans, newspapers, clothing, disposable
tableware
Commercial: restaurants, office buildings, retail and wholesale establishments Papers, office
disposable table ware, yard trimming, boxes, food scraps
Institutional: schools and libraries Office waste papers, rest room and cafeteria trash can waste, class
room waste and yard trimmings
Industrial: packaging and administrative waste Plastic film, lunch room waste, office papers, boxes
and wood pallets etc. Table 2.1 Sources of MSW and their Examples (Gary, 2010)
MSW is a heterogeneous feedstock containing materials with widely varying sizes, shapes and
composition. This can be difficult to feed into thermal treatment plants especially gasifiers
(Valkenburg et al., 2008) and can lead to variable behavior of the treatment process. The

Oil Drilling in Alaska Wilderness
Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges
America Should Reject the Oil Businesses Plan and
Permanently Protect The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, comprising more than nineteen million acres in the northern
corner of Alaska, is unique and one of the largest units of the National Wildlife system. The Arctic
Refuge has long been recognized as an unparalleled place of natural beauty and ecological
importance. The Arctic Refuge was established to conserve fish and wildlife populations and
habitats in their natural diversity, as well as provide the opportunity for local residents to continue
their subsistence way of life. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which manages the Refuge, calls it
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the past presidential campaign, George W. Bush vowed to open area 1002 to drilling. Now he
is in office, along with Interior Secretary, Gail Norton, who shares his view. Legislation was
introduced in the House and Senate in early March 2001 to open the plain to drilling. Because of its
enormous potential and the vital need for domestic sources of oil and gas, the Department of Interior
recommends that the Congress enact
Legislation which would make this entire available for oil drilling. Ms. Norton has been given the
right to impose necessary and appropriate measures to protect refuge resource while efficiently
removing oil. Despite the remote location, it is the most attractive onshore petroleum exploration
target in the United States (‘Resource Assessment '). It appears that the President, his Interior
Secretary, and the Department of Interior have forgotten the first reason for creating this refuge. It
was done by humans, who valued nature, not to be opened to oil drilling and possible development.
The wildlife debate has focused mainly on the areas of importance to the Porcupine Caribou, and
other species such as polar bears, grizzly bears, wolves and migratory birds are also at a great risk.
The 107th Congress is considering approving energy development in Alaska. Shortages of gasoline,
natural gas and the resulting increased prices have opened this debate. The events of September 11,

Ryanair External Env. Analysis
Contents
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Critical Issues Analysis 2
3.0 External Environment Analysis 2
3.1 Analysing the Macro Environment 2
3.1.1 PEST analysis 2
3.2 Industry Analysis 3
3.2.1 Five forces analysis 3
3.2.2 Porters Diamond Model 4
3.2.3 Strategic Group Analysis 4
3.2.4 Industry Life Cycle Analysis 5
3.2.5 Synthesis of External Factors (EFAS) 5
4.0 Internal Analysis 6
4.1 Value Chain Analysis 6
4.2 Internal Factors Analysis Summary (IFAS) 6
4.3 Ratio Analysis 7
5.0 External Environmental Evaluation 7
6.0 Internal Environmental Evaluation 8

6.1 Resources 9
6.2 Resources and Capabilities 9
6.3 SWOT Analysis 9
7.0 Conclusion 10
8.0 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover as a task environment factors like customers, suppliers, competitors, stakeholder, new
entrance, etc.
3.1 Analysing the Macro Environment
3.1.1 PEST analysis
PEST analysis is one of main strategic analysis tool which use to analysis organisational macro
environmental factors. This analysis tool is use to examine the impact of main macro environmental
forces. Those are
P– Political
E– Economic
S– Socio–cultural
T– Technological
Ryanair is company which operates in highly dynamic airline industry which always influenced by
dramatic environmental changers. Therefore as a strategic tool, it is important to do a PEST analysis
to analysis the macro environment of Ryanair. PEST analysis of Ryanair Company is mentioned
under Appendix 4.
3.2 Industry Analysis
Next step of external environmental analysis is to analysis the business task environment. This task
environment is also known as industry environment. Therefore to do a full external environmental
analysis, Industry analysis is essential. For the purpose of analysing the industry environment we
can use different types of analysing tools like five forces analysis, portor's diamond model analysis,
strategic grouping, strategic driver's analysis, industry life cycle analysis, and external factor
analysis.
3.2.1 Five forces analysis
Industry environment of an organisation is another area of

Make Room For Trash: Hawaii’S Waste Problem. Hawaii Is
Make Room for Trash: Hawaii's Waste Problem
Hawaii is an excellent way to predict how we will solve environmental problems in a more human–
filled future, not because it is densely populated, but because it is an island far away from any major
land masses. Because of how little land there is in or close to Hawaii, inhabitants must import food,
gas, and manufactured goods. Many other states also do this, but none of them are located in the
middle of the Pacific. You can see the effect of shipping costs in something as simple as milk: in
Hilo, Hawaii, milk costs about $6.21 while in Hartford, Connecticut–a state similar in size and
denser in population–milk costs about $3.65 (Numbeo). Hawaii's separation along with its small size
make many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of the less–populated islands haven't always had recycling plants, and Hawaii's trash
incinerator is located on Oahu. Though the less–populated islands don't have as many problems
dealing with their trash, being unprepared could lead to problems in the future. In addition, not
needing to deal with trash management immediately leads to less environmentally friendly habits,
which also affect the future.
Other features of Hawaii, such as the economy, also effect trash management, namely tourism. In
2015 about 8.5 million people visited Hawaii–that's almost six times as much as its population of
1.4 million (Hawaii Tourism Authority). Though city and state governments in Hawaii encourage
waste consciousness, tourists are often not aware of the waste problems. Though only estimates are
available, it is clear that tourists and tourist centered businesses produce a significant amount of
waste, as well as a large amount of water and power consumption (Saito). Tourists don't have to deal
with the problems they contribute to, so they can easily ignore the issues.
Additional issues arise because of Hawaii's garbage disposal system. One of Hawaii's most
successful garbage disposal endeavors is Oahu's H–Power Plant. However, this trash incinerator–or
refuse derived fuel plant–is not complication free. While it saves money by producing energy and
managing waste, the construction and upkeep of the plant can be costly, meaning that it

Ryanair External Env. Analysis
Contents 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Critical Issues Analysis 2 3.0 External Environment Analysis 2 3.1
Analysing the Macro Environment 2 3.1.1 PEST analysis 2 3.2 Industry Analysis 3 3.2.1 Five forces
analysis 3 3.2.2 Porters Diamond Model 4 3.2.3 Strategic Group Analysis 4 3.2.4 Industry Life
Cycle Analysis 5 3.2.5 Synthesis of External Factors (EFAS) 5 4.0 Internal Analysis 6 4.1 Value
Chain Analysis 6 4.2 Internal Factors Analysis Summary (IFAS) 6 4.3 Ratio Analysis 7 5.0 External
Environmental Evaluation 7 6.0 Internal Environmental Evaluation 8 6.1 Resources 9 6.2 Resources
and Capabilities 9 6.3 SWOT Analysis 9 7.0 Conclusion 10 8.0 References 11 9.0 ... Show more
In most industries, not all competitors are competing directly with each other. They are competing in
different way by using different strategies or a different target market. But when closely examine
each and every competitors in a particular industry, we can find some sort of similarities of their
current strategies and target market. In fact its enable us to strategically group those competitors by
concerning each competitors strategic dimensions (product or service, quality, geographic scope,
etc). In analysing Ryanair industry environment, we can use this analysis tool as mentioned in
Appendix 7. 3.2.4 Industry Life Cycle Analysis Industry life cycle is another main industry analysis
tool which can use to identify particular organisation current status in related to other organisations.
This is one of main aspect that any organisation should focus when developing strategies. In order to
gain success in organisational operation it is important to change strategies according to industry life
cycle. Therefore it is important to have a good understand about industry life cycle and the current
life cycle stage, before implementing any new strategies. Industry life cycle analysis for Ryanair is
mentioned in Appendix 8. 3.2.5 Synthesis of External Factors (EFAS) Synthesis of external factor
analysis is another important analysis tool that we can use to analysis the external environment.
According to this analysis strategic managers are able to organise

America 's Present Economic State, Citizens Are Looking...
In America's present economic state, citizens are looking for one thing: convenience. The American
lifestyle has evolved into a quick pace, overwhelming schedule with Americans looking to fulfill
their needs through affordable and easily reachable means. There has been an increased approval in
fast food and convenience store establishments that provide swift and stimulating products. It is the
inexpensive and easy way to purchase these "goods" that is slowly deterring the well–being of our
country. The reason behind the low prices of such unhealthy choices provided by fast food
restaurants and convenience stores is attributed to the subsidizing of producers of companies making
the junk food. These companies such as McDonald's, Coke, Pepsi, and Burger King contribute to the
amplified rates of diabetes and obesity. Therefore a sensible solution is to tax the companies' goods
to make them less attractive to consumers who sequentially will lead improved life in buying less
expensive, healthier foods.
The enlarged percent of obesity amongst Americans is amazing. The National Center for Health
Statistics recently reported, "the most recent national data on obesity prevalence among U.S. adults,
adolescents, and children show that more than one–third of adults and almost seventeen percent of
children and adolescents were obese in 2009–2010" (NCHS Data Brief, 6). Thinking back to
humbler times when there was no junk food, people lived a healthier existence but were

The Wolf Of Wall Street : An Animal Inside
Ryan Gandy Approaches to Film Lacefield April 7, 2016 The Wolf of Wall Street: An Animal Inside
Martin Scorsese's The Wolf of Wall Street introduces the life of Jordan Belfort. Based on a real–life
person, Leonardo DiCaprio's character is a sexually obsessed drug–addict who begins to accumulate
his wealth through founding his firm Stratton Oakmont. He and his first–in–command, Donny
Azoff, use securities fraud and money laundering to achieve immense wealth, and support their
extravagant lifestyle. Eventually, however, Agent Patrick Denham, the FBI, and the SEC catch on to
Belfort's illegal activities, and bring down his empire. Throughout this film, drug use, the concept of
a rise and fall, Freud's Id, voice over, and the fourth wall ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
One such scene is when Belfort takes Quaaludes before he has to go to the country club to speak
with his informant about the FBI. He believes he made it home safely, only to find out that he
wrecked his car, along with about half of his neighborhood on the way back. His complete
dependence on drugs is portrayed in the scene where he is facing death due to his yacht sinking in a
storm. As he holds his wife Naomi, facing probable doom, he screams at Donny to "find the 'Ludes"
because he refuses "to die sober." As in other crime movies such as Scarface, The Wolf of Wall
Street shows the extreme trajectory of Belfort's rise and fall. He came from simpler beginnings, with
what seemed to be a simple house and wife named Teresa. After becoming hooked on the Wall
Street lifestyle from working at L.F. Rothschild, he begins his adventure to the top of the financial
market. The pinnacle occurs with him on a yacht, partying with all of his companions. For Belfort,
money is the ultimate drug, driving him to his ambition for success, and leading to his downfall. In
one of his many speeches to his coworkers he told them to that "there 's no nobility in poverty. I 've
been a poor man, and I 've been a rich man. And I choose rich every fucking time." He values
money above all else, and will bend and break every rule to achieve greater wealth. He even openly
answers the

Existentialism In Coates Between The World And Me
Although the fundamentals of existentialism can be applied to numerous works throughout history,
existentialist thought, which places emphasis on authenticity and the ability to control one's own
growth, largely rose to prominence in the 18th and 19th centuries. Notable among these works are
Voltaire's Candide, Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex, and Ta–Nehisi Coates' Between the
World and Me. Although all three texts span dramatically different time periods, the themes of
existentialism and free will remain consistent in opposition to the despair and pessimism that life
ultimately imposes on us all. According to The Second Sex and Candide, we must work towards our
happiness and fundamentally seek it out on our own, while Coates claims in ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Coates' allegory of the "Dreamers" and their detrimental impact on the lives of African Americans in
the US is highlighted with this declaration: "But do not pin your struggle on their conversion. The
Dreamers will have to learn to struggle themselves, to understand that the field for their Dream, the
stage where they have painted themselves white, is the deathbed of us all" (151). Coates is
essentially claiming that the people who refuse to live in reality are subsequently robbing those who
do because they instill a sense of false hope and unrealistic expectations that make every injury
inflicted upon the African American community hurt even more. By extension, Coates is affirming
that living in the moment rather than always thinking about the future and how to make things better
is the most authentic route to happiness. Much of the misery in life derives from people in power
abusing the privileges society has granted them, and the exploitation of black people in American
society has solidified the idea that civilization breeds barbarism in Coates' mind. This is further
supported by Coates' assertion that, "The enslaved were not bricks in your road, and their lives were
not chapters in your redemptive history. They were people turned to fuel for the American machine"
(70). This image of black lives being chewed up and spit out by industrial America is visceral and
jarring in that it shows a complete failure on the civilization's part to protect and raise its citizens to
a more prominent status and improve their lives. To Coates, the ideas of patriotism and "the Dream,"
or

Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges Essay
Oil Drilling in the Alaskan Wildlife Refuges
America Should Reject the Oil Businesses Plan and Permanently Protect The Arctic National
Wildlife Refuge
The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, comprising more than nineteen million acres in the northern
corner of Alaska, is unique and one of the largest units of the National Wildlife system. The Arctic
Refuge has long been recognized as an unparalleled place of natural beauty and ecological
importance. The Arctic Refuge was established to conserve fish and wildlife populations and
habitats in their natural diversity, as well as provide the opportunity for local residents to continue
their subsistence way of life. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It contains an expanse of tundra with many marshes and lagoons with rivers situated between
foothills of the Brooks Range and the wide, icy waters of the Beaufort Sea. Environmentalists said
that this area "is the most biologically productive part of the Arctic Refuge for wildlife and is the
center if wildlife activity." The importance of these resources is not measurable. The Arctic is home
to such animals as caribou, polar bears, grizzly bears, musk oxen, whales, wolves and snow geese.
This area is full of wildflowers and contains water of excellent, unpolluted quality and quantity. The
Arctic Ocean costal plain is an area critical to the survival of many birds and mammals ('Alaska
Wild').
With all the good the Arctic National Wildlife refuge has to offer as a safe haven for endangered
animals and plant life, comes the burden of sitting on an oil reserve. As noted earlier in 1980, under
President Carter, the protected area was doubled. However, the oil industry lobbies succeeded in
having the U.S. Senate refuse to designate the critically important Costal Plain as wilderness.
Instead, Section 1002 of the Alaskan National Interest Lands Conservation Act legislation directed
the Department of Interior

Env Sci Help
WRIGHT, Environmental Science
Chapter 21 Atmospheric Pollution
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1) Acid precipitation refers
A) to any precipitation which is more acidic than neutral.
B) to any precipitation which is more acidic than normal.
C) only to precipitation which is strongly acidic.
D) to a new kind of irrigation.
E) to a precipitation which causes particularly severe erosion.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
2) The chemical component which is responsible for BASIC properties is
A) hydroxyl ions (OH–).
B) sulfur oxide (SO).
C) hydrogen ions (H+).
D) nitrogen oxide (NO).
E) carbon dioxide.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
3) The pH of normal precipitation is
A) slightly acidic.
B) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Answer: C
Diff: 1
14) The overall or net annual concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is being
A) decreased by respiration.
B) decreased by pollution.
C) increased by burning fossil fuels.
D) increased by photosynthesis.
E) none of the above

Answer: C
Diff: 1
15) Temperature changes during the last century have been shown to correlate with
A) destruction of ozone in the atmosphere.
B) carbon dioxide and volcanic emissions.
C) halocarbon production.
D) nitrous oxide production.
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2
16) We produce carbon dioxide when we
A) drive our automobiles.
B) heat our houses with oil or gas.
C) get energy from the food we eat.
D) A and B only
E) A, B, and C
Answer: E
Diff: 3
17) Which of the following is/are conjecture (speculation) as opposed to documented fact?
A) The carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is increasing.
B) The recent drought in midwestern North America, Africa, and Australia was caused by the
greenhouse effect.
C) Carbon dioxide absorbs infrared radiation.
D) Levels of infrared absorbing gases other than carbon dioxide are increasing.
E) all of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2
18) Ozone in the UPPER atmosphere
A) is a pollutant.
B) is necessary to screen out ultraviolet radiation.
C) is necessary to maintain the temperature of the Earth.
D) is necessary to maintain ocean circulation.
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2
19) Which of the following will probably not be a consequence of extreme ozone

Fossil Fuel And Its Effects On The World Economy
In the current era, fossil fuel is a necessity in our everyday life, for not only it is used as an energy
source, but also due to the high rate of dependability on the fuel itself. The recent drop in oil prices
caused an enormous impact on the world economy, especially to the countries that are highly
dependent on the fuel industry. The United States also are affected by this situation. One suggestion
and a major change, in order to reduce the high dependency on the fossil fuel and to overcome the
problems related to the usage of fossil fuel, is to start the wide use of biofuel as the fossil fuel
replacement. The impact of this change, and also a huge improvement, not only will help to stabilize
the economy, but also can help in reducing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Biofuel is a fuel
produced from any fats sources, obtained from either animals or plants, and is a renewable and
environmental friendly source of energy. How can we say the biofuel is environmental friendly?
According to Vasudevan, Palligarnai T and Michael Briggs:
Since biodiesel is made entirely from vegetable oil or animal fats, it is renewable and biodegradable.
Biodiesel also contains very little sulfur, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and metals. Petroleum–
derived diesel fuels can contain up to 20% polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. For an equivalent
number of carbon atoms, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are up to three orders of magnitude
more soluble in water than straight chain aliphatics.

Human Impact on the Environment Essay
Human Impact on the Environment
I. Human Population and Industrialization
A. By–products of industrialization
1. Industrialization is driven by energy consumption from coal, petroleum, and natural gas
a. Fossil fuels were formed by decomposition and pressure on remains of plants and animals
millions of years ago
b. Oil is the fuel most widely used, both as starting material for making gasoline and for other
products
2. Pollution is any environmental change that adversely affects the lives and health of living things
a. Burning fossil fuels results in hydrocarbons, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur oxides, particulates
b. Automobiles consume one–third of the world's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1850, atmospheric CO2 was about 280 parts per million (ppm); today, it is about 350 ppm
b. This increase is due largely to burning of fossil fuels and clearing of forests
c. Oceans currently absorb half of the CO2 emitted or else the atmospheric level would be higher
d. Methane given off by oil and gas wells, rice paddies, cows, etc. is increasing by one percent a
year
e. Greenhouse effect – warming of lower atmosphere caused by accumulation of certain greenhouse
gases that allow rays of the sun to pass through, but then reflect or reradiate heat to the earth
f. Greenhouse gases:
1) carbon dioxide (CO2), produced by fossil fuel and wood burning

2) nitrous oxide (NO2), produced by fertilizer use and released from decomposition of animals
wastes
3) methane (CH4), produced by bacteria (especially in animal guts), in sediments, and in flooded
rice paddies
4) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), in particular Freon (a refrigerant)
III. Acid precipitation (rain)
A. Rainfall pH
1. Pure water has a pH of 7; dissociation of H2O produces equal numbers of H+ and OH– ions
2. Atmospheric CO2 combines with water to produce a weak carbonic acid and an increased number
of H+ ions
3. Rain normally has a pH of 5.6 rather than 7.0
4. However, near urban areas, rainfall pH is nearer 4.0 and some fog clouds drop to as

Planned Parenthood
Did you know that there are at least four specific moments that can be thought of as the beginning of
human life? There is the embryologic view, which is where some think life begins when the embryo
undergoes gastrulation, and twinning is no longer possible; which occurs about 14 days into
development. Then there is the neurological view, which depends on brainwave activity; life begins
when a distinct EEG pattern can be detected, this happens at about 24 to 27 weeks. Another is the
genetic view, which states that life begins with the formation of a novel genome. Finally, one can
say that life begins at or near birth, measured by fetal viability outside the mother's body. The whole
issue with people being for or against the closure of Planned ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Anthony List that, "In 2013, abortions made up 94% of Planned Parenthood's pregnancy services."
Many Pro–Life advocates use this number to fuel the ongoing fight for Planned Parenthood's
closure. Although, it is revealed that the number is derived from the comparison of the abortions
performed and two other services the clinic provides. Which makes it weighed in a way that
exaggerates the percentage of abortions, skewing the amount. Since the largest source of revenue for
Planned Parenthood is government funding, President–elect Donald Trump – using that source of
income as leverage against Planned Parenthood – has signed an executive order barring funds from
organizations that promote abortion around the world. Since it is seen as immoral to evacuate a
pregnancy, the plan to defund Planned Parenthood is the Pro–lifers attempt at making abortion that
much harder to

The Big Baddy Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Leading To...
Issue one: climate change
Environmental agencies focus on fossil fuels as the big bad baddy of greenhouse gas emissions
leading to global warming, suggesting alternative energy, carpooling, hybrid cars, and biking, but
animal agriculture accounts for more carbon dioxide per year than all transportation methods
combined.
A conservative 2006 study by the United Nations food and agricultural study placed animal
agriculture at 7,516 million tons per year or 18% of annual global green house gas emissions with a
far more thorough 2009 WorldWatch Institute study taking into account overlooked livestock
respiration, land use, methane and other oversights of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the
United Nations with the ultimate outcome of at least 32,564 million tons of carbon dioxide per year
coming from animal agriculture. That's 51 percent of all global emissions compared to the 13
percent of all combined transportation.
And what do the environmental agencies point to? Reducing fossil fuel usage.
If we completely stopped all use of gas, oil, fuel, electricity et cetera, and never used them ever
again, we would still exceed our carbon equivalent greenhouse gas emissions of 565 gigatons by the
year 2030 just with the impact of livestock alone. [10][11]
So not using fossil fuels at all, which would be the wet dream of every environmental agency, we're
still gassing out the planet with the one contributor–the main contributor–which they refuse to even
address.
In a similar

Environmental Pollution: Change In The Air Essay
Change In The Air
Our understanding of atmospheric chemistry is the best it's ever been. And yet in our modern age of
technology finding solidifying proof that carbon dioxide is the cause of global warming has yet to
occur. We do not as of yet have enough solid evidence to say for certain that it is, nor is there the
evidence to say it isn't. None the less discovering the truth about the matter and bringing us one step
closer to how to handle it is only a matter of time.
From the dawn of time mankind has recognized that air was more than just empty space, but
material no different from liquids and solids. The Greeks thought it to be one of the four elements,
along with earth, water and fire; it is from these very ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Romermann's investigation into the matter lead to the conclusion that the shift in ecology is
attributed to the combustion of fossil fuels by traffic on the highway. Forests are well known as
nitrogen limited environments. The observation of a shift in species composition and dominance
was a clear indicator that the ecosystem had surpassed critical load of disturbance on the down wind
side. It should be noted that deposition levels decreased in the forest at greater distances from the
highway on par with decreasing accumulations of nitrogen isotopes found in the tree rings. As
shown by Rommerman, it is negligible to focus solely on carbon dioxide as the only major concern
of the atmosphere's change in chemistry. The scientific community has a responsibility to remain
impartial in its search for fact and must remain ever wary of self–biases in order to conduct proper
science (Rommerman 2005).
What's more, raised carbon dioxide levels are not necessarily a bad thing. In a study done by Achim
Walter, increased carbon dioxide in the available atmosphere increased cell production and cell
expansion of Populus deltoides. Plants in general show increased photosynthesis when influenced
by raised carbon dioxide levels. It was determined that the larger leaf area exhibited by Populus
deltoides did not come about by larger leaves upon emergence by growth. This also accounts for

A Report On The Production Of Biodiesel
BIODIESEL
Bi0–diesel is a bi0–degradable c0mbustible fuel made fr0m vegetable 0ils and animal fats.
GENERATION ΡROCESS
Fats/0ils are reacted with alc0h0l (methan0l), using a str0ng alkaline catalyst (s0dium hydr0xide
Na0H 0r ρ0tassium hydr0xide K0H)
This ρr0duces Bi0diesel(M0n0–Alkyl Methyl Esters) and glycerin F0r Examρle: 100 ρ0unds + 10
ρ0unds → 10 ρ0unds + 100 ρ0unds Triglyceride Alc0h0l Glycerin M0n0–Alkyl Methyl Esters
(Vegetable 0il) (Methan0l) (Bi0diesel)
But c0mmercial bi0diesel is blended with regular ultra l0w sulfur diesel (ULSD) and is s0ld. Such
as B10 which c0ntains 10% bi0diesel and 90% ρetr0leum diesel.
Ρure bi0diesel is kn0wn as B100 (100%) 0r neat bi0diesel. But usually B100 is n0t used in vehicle
engines due t0 engine warranty c0ncerns and m0re0ver 0ρerati0n with bi0diesel blends may result in
very slightly l0wer mρg due t0 l0wer energy c0ntent
N0w a days, m0st vehicles are n0w warranted uρ t0 B20 i.e. uρt0 20% bi0diesel c0ntent is all0wed
in the fuel.
CRITERIA F0R BIO–DIESEL ΡRODUCTION FROM WASTE OIL The high visc0sity vegetable
0il must be chemically c0nverted f0r it t0 0ρerate ρr0ρerly in a diesel engine.
Raw vegetable 0il cann0t meet bi0diesel fuel sρecificati0ns as: – It is n0t registered with the EΡA. –
It is n0t a legal m0t0r fuel. – It is high visc0sity s0 burns ρ00rly .
It is imρ0rtant that the fuel ρr0duced meets

The Pursuit Of Truth And Knowledge Essay
There is a reoccurring theme in the history of the world that every civilization has contributed to: it
is the endless pursuit of truth and knowledge. The pursuit has never been about reaching a
destination or an end point, or about acquiring all the truth and knowledge there is to acquire. Men
have learned early on that the universe it too vast to unearth all its mysteries. However, throughout
this pursuit, men have also learned about the limitations of their own understandings, the setbacks of
their capacity to know the world as well as they would like. This acknowledgement of man's
inability to fathom the world in its entirety is what has fueled and continues to fuel the hunt for
truth. The age of Enlightenment was characterized by the abandonment of age–old dogma in favor
of a new way of thinking (Greenblatt and Abrams 2182–85). The scientific method, developed by
Francis Bacon, had opened up several avenues for discovery and paved the way for empiricism, a
prominent aspect of the era's intellectual movement (Greenblatt and Abrams 2182–85). Among the
greatest philosophers of the seventeenth century, John Locke is remembered as the most influential
liberal philosopher to date. His contributions to political philosophy in what became known as
modern day liberalism designated him as the apotheosis of Enlightenment thinkers, but his
contributions extended far beyond politics. Locke ventured into the realm of epistemology, which is
the subject of one of his most profound

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Pdf
RDF(refuse derived fuel)
Abstract
If we focused on solid waste management (SWM) the waste produced was collected and dump in
dump yard which causes many environmental pollutions and health hazards. In solid waste
management land filling is a major problem. Many difficulties arise while extending the land for
land filling. In order to overcome those problems Refuse–Derived Fuel (RDF) is one of the best
options. Refuse–Derive Fuel is obtain from municipal waste and it is one of the alternative fuels. It
is the process of converting waste into useful energy. By doing so the problem with solid waste
management get reduces and RDF can be substituted for coal in boilers. This paper deals about the
manufacturing and application of RDF in India. Solid Waste Management is collection of waste
which is generated by every person in the society. Mainly the solid waste consists of Household
waste, Industrial waste, Agricultural waste and Bio Medical waste. Those wastes consist of
biodegradable waste, recyclable waste, inert waste, electrical and electronic waste, composite waste,
hazardous waste and toxic waste. Those wastes must ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then it is converted into pellets into required size and shapes normally 30mm capsules. A refuse
derived fuel (RDF) pellet having about 11% or more particulate calcium hydroxide which is utilized
in a combustion able mixture. The pellets are used in a particulate fuel bring a mixture of 10% or
more, on a heat equivalent basis, of the RDF pellet which contains calcium hydroxide as a binder,
with 50% or more, on a heat equivalent basis, of a sulphur containing coal. Combustion of the
mixture is effective to produce an effluent gas from the combustion zone having a reduced SO.sub.2
and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of effluent gas from similar combustion materials not
containing the calcium

Abnormal Psychology
Lauren Minor July 27, 2010 Topic 1. Indicate, describe and discuss the major theories and principles
in abnormal psychology The Biological approach believes that abnormal behavior is caused by
structural damage to the brain, biochemical imbalances, and genetic abnormalities. Research proves
that certain characteristics of a person, such as a chemical imbalance in the brain, can be passed on
from parent to child. These studies show patterns of abnormal behaviors from generation to
generation. Other research provides proof that some individuals have abnormal behaviors because of
defects in the brain or nervous system. The defects of the brain and nervous system can range from a
lack or abundance of a certain chemical (such as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Topic 2. Indicate and describe some of the major treatments for psychological disorders relating
them to the theories from which they are derived. Biological treatments for abnormal behaviors are
drug therapies. Drug therapies are thought to relieve psychological symptoms by correcting
imbalances of neurotransmitters in the brain. Antipsychotic drugs are used to reduce symptoms of
psychosis, Antidepressant drugs reduce symptoms of depression, Lithium reduces symptoms of
mania, and antianxiety drugs reduce symptoms of anxiety. In 1883, August Bernthsen, a research
chemist, created a phenothiazine, it was discovered that it had a number of biological effects on
humans. In the 1940's pharmaceutical researchers learned that phenothiazines decreased muscle
tone, reduced nausea and in some cases reduced sedation. Some physicians began using this
chemical to calm patients. In the 1950's researchers began exploring the use of chlorpromazine, a
group of chemicals belonging to phenothiazine, on psychological symptoms. Chlorpromazine was
introduced North American and Smith Kline & French; an American drug company began
marketing the drug in psychiatry under a new name, Thorazine. By the 1970's Thorazine sales
reached a total of over $116 million. After World War II, drug companies took the left over fuel,
hydrazine, believing that modifying the chemical could prove medical purposes. Two compounds of
hydrazine, isoniazid and iproniazid, were used in treating

The Production of Methanol and Hydrogen Fuels from MSW Essay
PAFC is commercially fuelled cell that promoted to be future energy requirement .Therefore, the
fuel needed to fill in the fuel Production of fuel from MSW is similar with biomass only vary in
composition but after removal the non–organic. The reaction of converting the MSW is
exothermically occur at 50–100 atm and copper, aluminium and zinc oxide is used as based catalyst
(Chen,1995). The CO2 is needed to activate the catalyst. Generally, before MSW is used as
feedstock it firstly will go through Refuse–Derived Fuel (RDF) process to eliminate the non–organic
substances in the MSW. The degree of pre–processing in conversion of MSW into a suitable feed
material is a major criterion. By that, the product will be more uniform and this ... Show more
The water quench saturated the product gas, cooling it to 70–100℃ can sufficiently force all the tars
and oils ,heavy metal, particulate matter to condense out in a waste water stream.
Reforming Process
At low temperature gasifiers a significant fraction of gas heating value is entrapped in methane and
other hydrocarbons. Reforming process is the alteration of hydrocarbon properties by rearranging it
.It upgrades the methanol and hydrogen production through steam reforming. In fact, the most
widely used method to produce hydrogen by steam reforming natural gas (Probstein, 1982).
Water Gas Shift Process
Shift reaction catalytically converts CO to H2 to through the water gas shift reaction for upgrading
the syngas.
CO + H2O H2¬+CO2––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– (1)
The hydrogen production will be converted as much CO to H2¬ as possible and methanol shift
enough CO to make H2: CO ratio a little greater than 2:1.The process occurs at lower temperature
thermodynamically but the kinetic are favoured by high temperature.
Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA)
PSA is a technique which consists of four adsorber vessels, a compressor and H2S removal step.
This technique is best suited for hydrogen separation to obtain the pure H2 and the current
technology can yield about 99.9% of pure H2 (Chen,1995).The hydrogen fuel that provided for
energy generation must solemnly have no CO or else it can be a poison to

Climate Change In Florida
As of right now, the measured water levels at Virginia Key, Fla., are about eight inches above
predicted levels (Washington Post). The numbers surrounding climate change are now starting to
become serious and people should be worried for their lives. While Climate Change is a main issue
in the world, the problem usually goes overlooked.
Climate Change is the change in climate patterns and this problem has been weighing around us
since the 20th century. "The scientific consensus reached in 2007 by the United Nations'
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change is that warming of the Earth's climate system is
unequivocally taking place and that such warming will affect sea levels" (Coastal Council, section
1). The problem with climate change ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Over the past decade, the floods have been striking a lot more frequently than they used to. The state
of Florida is predicted to soon be completely underwater and if nothing is done to help this issue,
then it will only spread and soon the entire world will be under water. Climate change has been
drowned out in the US presidential primary elections (Plester). Since many Americans are aware
about the issue of Climate Change, many of them also refuse to believe that it 's happening. They
tend to push it away which is why it 's not the most discussed topic at presidential campaigns or
debates. Climate Change, otherwise known as Global Warming, has been a growing factor in Florida
and should be taken into accountability. My research proposes that the state of Florida should cut
down on fossil fuels, invest in an infrastructure upgrade, and residents unplug their electronic
devices whether they're on/being used or not.
The beautiful and always sunny state of Florida may not be known as the "beautiful" state anymore.
With the effects of climate change headed straight their way, the state might be completely taken
away by the seas. Although there are many factors contributing to climate
Hussein 3 change, Fossil Fuels have without a doubt been at the top of the list. A Fossil Fuel is a
natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms.
Many scientists agree that the "greenhouse effect," otherwise known as fossil fuels,

The Importance Of Waste Management
The goal of chapter seventeen, "Waste Management" (p. 393), is to familiarize the reader with
different approaches towards handling of wastes in the world.
The waste is something that is "no longer useful" or harmful to the society or a person (p. 393). It
can take various forms: liquid, solid, gas or energy (heat or noise) (p. 394). Living beings produce
wastes (p. 393). A lot of garbage is derived from human activity. The statistics show that waste
production in the United Kingdom totaled approximately "335 million tonnes annually in the early
2000s" (p. 294). The main contributing sectors of this junk were: construction, demolition, mining,
quarrying, industry, commerce, household, dredged materials, sewage sludge and agriculture (p.
394). Some wastes are hazardous if they are corrosive, flammable, explosive, toxic to living beings
or possess high chemical reactivity (p. 394). Such materials can be: hospital wastes, alkali, acids,
heavy metals, oils, solvents, pesticides and PCBs (p. 394–395). Unfortunately, the lack of annually
updated information on waste, low priority of its collection and varying methods of its compilation
across different countries makes the analyze of waste trends very problematic (p. 394).
Ultimately, all wastes are discarded into the environment. However, some wastes are disposed
directly into the surroundings (air, rivers, land and oceans), others are collected and treated prior to
disposal (p. 395). Numerous approaches exist to dispose of

Marx View on Capitalism
1b. Summarize Marx's views on the market, alienation, the labor theory of value, the surplus value,
and the accumulation of capital. Are these views relevant in the 20th century and during the
contemporary globalization? If so, how? How are these views related with Thorstein Veblens ideas?
Please give specific reference to the relevant readings.
Theory of Alienation––his analysis of how people are bound to become estranged from themselves
and each other under the conditions of capitalist industrial production (Hooker). This Theory of
Alienation is often considered the philosophical underpinning for his later more technical critique of
capitalism as an economic system (Bramann).
Marx developed his theory of alienation to reveal the human ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The factory owner has done nothing to earn the money and the $5 per hour he receives is "surplus
value", representing exploitation of the worker. Even the tools which the factory owner provided
were, according to Marx, necessarily produced by other workers (Wollstein).
According to the labor theory of value, all profits are the rightful earnings of the workers, and when
they are kept from the workers by capitalists, workers are simply being robbed. Marx called for the
elimination of profits, for workers to seize factories and for the overthrow of the "tyranny" of
capitalism. Basically out of the worker labor, the companies make far more than what they paid the
workers, while the companies get richer and richer while the workers remain poor (Mandel).
There are some flaws to the labor theory of value. For example, most workers prefer to be paid
when their work is completed rather than when their products are sold – which may be months later.
For workers to be paid now, rather than later, someone must advance their wages, and clearly this
service has a value. But proponents of the labor theory would have it both ways: workers are to
receive the full future value of their product now. The final theoretical failure of the labor theory of
value is the value–effort fallacy. It is folly to assume that all effort produces value. Every day each
of us wastes time on fruitless efforts. To equate labor with the

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