One traditional definition of carpentry is “the art or science of cutting, fitting, and assembling wood or related material in the construction of buildings and other structures.”
Carpentry has been practiced since prehistoric times and has evolved significantly over the centuries. Early carpenters used simple tools like stone augers and wooden pegs to construct buildings, while modern carpenters rely on power tools. Carpentry skills are typically learned through apprenticeships, where novices live and work with a master carpenter for several years. There are different specializations within carpentry, such as rough carpentry which focuses on framing, and finish carpentry which involves detailed interior work. While carpentry demands physical labor and adaptation to challenging conditions, it remains an essential craft.
Carpentry reseach paper revised using track changesbrandonthoward15
The document provides an overview of the carpentry field in 3 paragraphs. It discusses the career overview for carpentry, including typical job duties, education requirements, and average pay. It then examines the different types of carpentry, such as rough carpentry, finish carpentry, cabinetry, trim work, and ship building. Lastly, it outlines the various tools used in carpentry, grouping them by function like measuring, cutting, drilling, and more. The document serves to inform the reader about the key aspects of carpentry as a career path.
Stucco is a building material made of aggregate, binder, and water that is applied wet and hardens into a solid surface. It is used to cover exteriors of buildings. The process of applying stucco involves first attaching lath and corner beads, then applying a scratch coat to embed the lath followed by a skim coat to smooth the surface and optional texture coat. Tools used include a hawk to hold the stucco and trowel to apply it in layers, scratching the first coat for texture before finishing with subsequent coats.
Blacksmithing is a craft involving the processing of iron and steel using hammers and anvils. The document discusses the history of blacksmithing, noting it was one of the most common medieval trades, with blacksmiths producing necessary tools. Blacksmithing required considerable skill and knowledge to process raw materials through techniques like welding and hardening. The anvil and hammer are also described as essential tools, with the anvil needing to be hard yet flexible to shape metal without damage.
Carpentry joints are where two pieces of wood meet. Carpenters and cabinetmakers carefully craft joints to be precise and unnoticeable. Common joints are chosen based on the wood type and intended use of the final product.
This document discusses various building materials including mud and clay, rock, wood, brick and block, concrete, metal, glass, onyx, shera board/plank, and corian. It provides details on the composition and properties of each material as well as how they have been used historically and in modern construction. The materials discussed range from natural substances like mud, rock, and wood to modern manufactured materials like concrete, metal, glass, and corian.
Carpentry has been practiced since prehistoric times and has evolved significantly over the centuries. Early carpenters used simple tools like stone augers and wooden pegs to construct buildings, while modern carpenters rely on power tools. Carpentry skills are typically learned through apprenticeships, where novices live and work with a master carpenter for several years. There are different specializations within carpentry, such as rough carpentry which focuses on framing, and finish carpentry which involves detailed interior work. While carpentry demands physical labor and adaptation to challenging conditions, it remains an essential craft.
Carpentry reseach paper revised using track changesbrandonthoward15
The document provides an overview of the carpentry field in 3 paragraphs. It discusses the career overview for carpentry, including typical job duties, education requirements, and average pay. It then examines the different types of carpentry, such as rough carpentry, finish carpentry, cabinetry, trim work, and ship building. Lastly, it outlines the various tools used in carpentry, grouping them by function like measuring, cutting, drilling, and more. The document serves to inform the reader about the key aspects of carpentry as a career path.
Stucco is a building material made of aggregate, binder, and water that is applied wet and hardens into a solid surface. It is used to cover exteriors of buildings. The process of applying stucco involves first attaching lath and corner beads, then applying a scratch coat to embed the lath followed by a skim coat to smooth the surface and optional texture coat. Tools used include a hawk to hold the stucco and trowel to apply it in layers, scratching the first coat for texture before finishing with subsequent coats.
Blacksmithing is a craft involving the processing of iron and steel using hammers and anvils. The document discusses the history of blacksmithing, noting it was one of the most common medieval trades, with blacksmiths producing necessary tools. Blacksmithing required considerable skill and knowledge to process raw materials through techniques like welding and hardening. The anvil and hammer are also described as essential tools, with the anvil needing to be hard yet flexible to shape metal without damage.
Carpentry joints are where two pieces of wood meet. Carpenters and cabinetmakers carefully craft joints to be precise and unnoticeable. Common joints are chosen based on the wood type and intended use of the final product.
This document discusses various building materials including mud and clay, rock, wood, brick and block, concrete, metal, glass, onyx, shera board/plank, and corian. It provides details on the composition and properties of each material as well as how they have been used historically and in modern construction. The materials discussed range from natural substances like mud, rock, and wood to modern manufactured materials like concrete, metal, glass, and corian.
Kyle Cowart discusses the evolution of carpentry from the medieval period to modern times. In the medieval ages, rough carpentry was used primarily to construct homes out of wood, while fine carpentry was used to accessorize homes. Over time, the focus has shifted to fine carpentry as the standard for building furniture and finishing home interiors. Modern carpentry utilizes both hand tools and computerized machines, making the work more precise and artistic compared to medieval carpentry which relied entirely on hand tools.
Woodworking has a history dating back to early humanity and was important for survival. Ancient civilizations like the Egyptians and Chinese employed woodworking, with the Egyptians gluing wood sheets for boat hulls as early as 3000 BC. Traditional Chinese woodworkers rarely used nails or adhesives. Woodworking evolved alongside humanity and became an art form as new techniques developed. Today some woodworkers use classic oriental techniques without electricity, nails or glue.
Wood is a versatile material that has been used for centuries for construction, tools, furniture and more. It comes from both hardwood and softwood trees and its properties vary by species. Wood is composed mainly of cellulose, lignin and other materials. It has properties like strength, insulation and ability to be shaped that make it useful for many applications like flooring, structures, furniture and more. Proper installation methods like tongue-and-groove are important. Wood continues to be an important material today.
Carpentry was an important occupation in colonial times. Carpenters used tools like saws, axes, planes and wood like oak, locust and pine to build furniture, houses and other structures. It took skill, strength, patience and memory to master carpentry. Silversmiths created decorative silver items by casting metal in molds and adding other pieces. They needed creativity and their shops were in cities. Basket makers wove baskets from wood strips to carry food and flowers, requiring skills with knives and water treatment. Chandlers made candles by collecting tallow, making wicks and dipping them, needing skills in hunting and fire-making. Blacksmiths forged metal tools over years of apprenticeship,
Lumber is observed the most widely used building materials in the United States most especially for residential buildings. The characteristics of lumber have made it suitable for a wide range of applications with few other building materials possessing the environmental benefit of wood. Aside the fact that wood is efficient and durable, the raw materials are planted, felled and processed into engineered and dimensional lumbers for sustainable construction. Lumbers that are produced from trees come in ranges, starting from minimally processed log at a log-home building site to a well processed and engineered lumber that are largely manufactured for various uses in the building construction. The project captures the evolution of lumber as an environmentally sustainable construction material, types of engineering lumber for construction, processing of timber for lumber, the preservation and application in the United States building construction industry.
The document provides information on various building materials. It discusses concrete components such as sand, gravel, cement, water and air that are used to make concrete. It also mentions that fiber-reinforced composites use polymers for the matrix and glass, aramid, carbon or polyester for fibers to provide stiffness and tensile strength. Additionally, it notes that modern buildings can be made of flexible fabric membranes supported by steel cables or frameworks.
Laurie Baker was a British architect who came to India in 1945 as a missionary. He lived and worked in India for over 50 years, obtaining Indian citizenship in 1989. Baker is renowned for his initiatives in low-cost housing and sustainable architecture using locally available materials. Some key aspects of his work included using cost-effective materials like brick, laterite, mud and cow dung in innovative construction techniques like rat trap bond. He designed over 1000 residences and 40 other buildings in Kerala emphasizing natural ventilation, privacy and historical influences. Baker received the Padma Shri award in 1990 for his contributions to architecture.
A tinsmith works with light metals like tin, copper, and zinc to make household items. They learn their trade through an apprenticeship where they start with simple items and progress to more complex pieces. Common materials used in tinsmithing include tinplate, pewter alloys, brass, and stainless steel. Tinsmiths use these materials to make construction components like gutters, chimney caps, and wire fabric reinforcement. Their tools include hammers, snips, pliers and rivets guns to cut, bend and join sheet metal.
Construction began when early humans moved out of caves and needed shelter from the elements. Some of the oldest construction materials were thatch and wood, and early tools included levers, pulleys, and wheels. Throughout history, construction techniques advanced with materials like brick and tools becoming more specialized. Major developments included high-rise buildings in the 20th century enabled by elevators and cranes, and now modern technology has further reduced costs and improved efficiency of building projects.
Temporary housing challenges of the homelessshiv404
The document identifies the basic needs and challenges of the homeless as needing personal shelter, warmth, safety, security, and a place to store possessions. It discusses viable core materials like timber, bamboo, compressed earth blocks, recycled paper/cardboard, plastic, and metal. Examples are given of temporary housing units made from these materials from around the world, including some that are portable or use waste heat. The document recommends building small housing units with a bed and storage on available land near a university, with communal facilities. Minimum recommended unit sizes are 9 square meters or larger with a height of 2.4 to 2.7 meters.
Timber has many uses including for making doors, windows, furniture, flooring, roofing, and in transportation applications like railways and boats. It has advantages of being light, easy to work with using simple tools, a good insulator, and can last for hundreds of years if protected. However, its disadvantages are that it is combustible, susceptible to decay and insects if exposed, and undergoes swelling and shrinkage with humidity changes.
Ancient woodworking had its origins in Egypt, China, the Near East, and Rome. Egyptian woodworkers as early as 3100 BC used tools like axes, chisels and saws to create furniture and structures. They invented techniques like veneering and used mortise and tenon joints. In China, woodworking developed around 720 BC and they used dense and valuable woods like zitan. The Near East had skilled woodworkers as early as 800 BC who crafted inlaid furniture. Roman woodworkers constructed buildings, ships, and furniture from a variety of woods between the 1st century BC to 1st century AD.
Woodworking has a history dating back thousands of years, with evidence of wooden tools dating as far back as 2 million years ago. It involves working primarily with wood but also other materials like finishes and adhesives. A variety of tools from hand tools like chisels to power tools like sanders are used to cut, shape, and join wood through techniques like joinery, finishing, carving, and turning. While traditional techniques are still used, modern woodworking has incorporated new technologies like CNC machines. Woodworking remains a timeless craft appreciated around the world.
Tool types, fire, woodworking and woodland management; parameters of ancient ...EXARC
Dr Linda Hurcombe (University of Exeter)
Tool types, fire, woodworking and woodland management; parameters of ancient techniques and prospects for further research
Engineering ethics and weapons development ethics are important topics. Engineering ethics examines the moral principles and values that guide engineering work and research. Weapons development involves serious ethical discussions due to its effects. Some engineers feel conflicted about weapons work due to personal conscience, though others see benefits like defending their nation. Overall, engineers developing weapons should consider minimizing harm while protecting interests of all people.
Wood is a hard, fibrous material found in trees and woody plants. It has been used for thousands of years for construction and fuel. There are two main types - hardwoods from deciduous trees and softwoods from coniferous trees. Common hardwoods include oak, maple, mahogany and teak which are used for furniture, flooring and construction. Softwoods like pine, fir and cedar are lighter and more porous, used for framing, millwork and paneling. Wood is seasoned to remove moisture and prevent problems when used in construction. Methods include air, solar and microwave seasoning.
This document summarizes a listening passage about ways to maintain green space in megacities. A city planner named Laila Mann discusses the challenges of urbanization and how more people will live in megacities. She argues that cities need to invest in green spaces like parks to improve quality of life and maintain a sense of community. Examples of successful urban planning that integrate nature, like the river walk area in San Antonio, are discussed. The interview concludes by noting the benefits of urban green spaces but also the costs required to design them.
The document discusses vernacular architecture, which refers to traditional construction methods used by local builders without professional architects. It focuses on vernacular architecture in hill regions of India, describing characteristics like use of local materials, load-bearing structures, small openings, and sloping roofs. Specific examples from Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, and Ladakh are provided, including construction techniques like dhajji walls and materials used like wood, stone, and mud. The importance of studying vernacular architecture for disaster recovery and sustainable design is also noted.
Information and Communication Technology in EducationMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 2)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐂𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐭:
-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
Kyle Cowart discusses the evolution of carpentry from the medieval period to modern times. In the medieval ages, rough carpentry was used primarily to construct homes out of wood, while fine carpentry was used to accessorize homes. Over time, the focus has shifted to fine carpentry as the standard for building furniture and finishing home interiors. Modern carpentry utilizes both hand tools and computerized machines, making the work more precise and artistic compared to medieval carpentry which relied entirely on hand tools.
Woodworking has a history dating back to early humanity and was important for survival. Ancient civilizations like the Egyptians and Chinese employed woodworking, with the Egyptians gluing wood sheets for boat hulls as early as 3000 BC. Traditional Chinese woodworkers rarely used nails or adhesives. Woodworking evolved alongside humanity and became an art form as new techniques developed. Today some woodworkers use classic oriental techniques without electricity, nails or glue.
Wood is a versatile material that has been used for centuries for construction, tools, furniture and more. It comes from both hardwood and softwood trees and its properties vary by species. Wood is composed mainly of cellulose, lignin and other materials. It has properties like strength, insulation and ability to be shaped that make it useful for many applications like flooring, structures, furniture and more. Proper installation methods like tongue-and-groove are important. Wood continues to be an important material today.
Carpentry was an important occupation in colonial times. Carpenters used tools like saws, axes, planes and wood like oak, locust and pine to build furniture, houses and other structures. It took skill, strength, patience and memory to master carpentry. Silversmiths created decorative silver items by casting metal in molds and adding other pieces. They needed creativity and their shops were in cities. Basket makers wove baskets from wood strips to carry food and flowers, requiring skills with knives and water treatment. Chandlers made candles by collecting tallow, making wicks and dipping them, needing skills in hunting and fire-making. Blacksmiths forged metal tools over years of apprenticeship,
Lumber is observed the most widely used building materials in the United States most especially for residential buildings. The characteristics of lumber have made it suitable for a wide range of applications with few other building materials possessing the environmental benefit of wood. Aside the fact that wood is efficient and durable, the raw materials are planted, felled and processed into engineered and dimensional lumbers for sustainable construction. Lumbers that are produced from trees come in ranges, starting from minimally processed log at a log-home building site to a well processed and engineered lumber that are largely manufactured for various uses in the building construction. The project captures the evolution of lumber as an environmentally sustainable construction material, types of engineering lumber for construction, processing of timber for lumber, the preservation and application in the United States building construction industry.
The document provides information on various building materials. It discusses concrete components such as sand, gravel, cement, water and air that are used to make concrete. It also mentions that fiber-reinforced composites use polymers for the matrix and glass, aramid, carbon or polyester for fibers to provide stiffness and tensile strength. Additionally, it notes that modern buildings can be made of flexible fabric membranes supported by steel cables or frameworks.
Laurie Baker was a British architect who came to India in 1945 as a missionary. He lived and worked in India for over 50 years, obtaining Indian citizenship in 1989. Baker is renowned for his initiatives in low-cost housing and sustainable architecture using locally available materials. Some key aspects of his work included using cost-effective materials like brick, laterite, mud and cow dung in innovative construction techniques like rat trap bond. He designed over 1000 residences and 40 other buildings in Kerala emphasizing natural ventilation, privacy and historical influences. Baker received the Padma Shri award in 1990 for his contributions to architecture.
A tinsmith works with light metals like tin, copper, and zinc to make household items. They learn their trade through an apprenticeship where they start with simple items and progress to more complex pieces. Common materials used in tinsmithing include tinplate, pewter alloys, brass, and stainless steel. Tinsmiths use these materials to make construction components like gutters, chimney caps, and wire fabric reinforcement. Their tools include hammers, snips, pliers and rivets guns to cut, bend and join sheet metal.
Construction began when early humans moved out of caves and needed shelter from the elements. Some of the oldest construction materials were thatch and wood, and early tools included levers, pulleys, and wheels. Throughout history, construction techniques advanced with materials like brick and tools becoming more specialized. Major developments included high-rise buildings in the 20th century enabled by elevators and cranes, and now modern technology has further reduced costs and improved efficiency of building projects.
Temporary housing challenges of the homelessshiv404
The document identifies the basic needs and challenges of the homeless as needing personal shelter, warmth, safety, security, and a place to store possessions. It discusses viable core materials like timber, bamboo, compressed earth blocks, recycled paper/cardboard, plastic, and metal. Examples are given of temporary housing units made from these materials from around the world, including some that are portable or use waste heat. The document recommends building small housing units with a bed and storage on available land near a university, with communal facilities. Minimum recommended unit sizes are 9 square meters or larger with a height of 2.4 to 2.7 meters.
Timber has many uses including for making doors, windows, furniture, flooring, roofing, and in transportation applications like railways and boats. It has advantages of being light, easy to work with using simple tools, a good insulator, and can last for hundreds of years if protected. However, its disadvantages are that it is combustible, susceptible to decay and insects if exposed, and undergoes swelling and shrinkage with humidity changes.
Ancient woodworking had its origins in Egypt, China, the Near East, and Rome. Egyptian woodworkers as early as 3100 BC used tools like axes, chisels and saws to create furniture and structures. They invented techniques like veneering and used mortise and tenon joints. In China, woodworking developed around 720 BC and they used dense and valuable woods like zitan. The Near East had skilled woodworkers as early as 800 BC who crafted inlaid furniture. Roman woodworkers constructed buildings, ships, and furniture from a variety of woods between the 1st century BC to 1st century AD.
Woodworking has a history dating back thousands of years, with evidence of wooden tools dating as far back as 2 million years ago. It involves working primarily with wood but also other materials like finishes and adhesives. A variety of tools from hand tools like chisels to power tools like sanders are used to cut, shape, and join wood through techniques like joinery, finishing, carving, and turning. While traditional techniques are still used, modern woodworking has incorporated new technologies like CNC machines. Woodworking remains a timeless craft appreciated around the world.
Tool types, fire, woodworking and woodland management; parameters of ancient ...EXARC
Dr Linda Hurcombe (University of Exeter)
Tool types, fire, woodworking and woodland management; parameters of ancient techniques and prospects for further research
Engineering ethics and weapons development ethics are important topics. Engineering ethics examines the moral principles and values that guide engineering work and research. Weapons development involves serious ethical discussions due to its effects. Some engineers feel conflicted about weapons work due to personal conscience, though others see benefits like defending their nation. Overall, engineers developing weapons should consider minimizing harm while protecting interests of all people.
Wood is a hard, fibrous material found in trees and woody plants. It has been used for thousands of years for construction and fuel. There are two main types - hardwoods from deciduous trees and softwoods from coniferous trees. Common hardwoods include oak, maple, mahogany and teak which are used for furniture, flooring and construction. Softwoods like pine, fir and cedar are lighter and more porous, used for framing, millwork and paneling. Wood is seasoned to remove moisture and prevent problems when used in construction. Methods include air, solar and microwave seasoning.
This document summarizes a listening passage about ways to maintain green space in megacities. A city planner named Laila Mann discusses the challenges of urbanization and how more people will live in megacities. She argues that cities need to invest in green spaces like parks to improve quality of life and maintain a sense of community. Examples of successful urban planning that integrate nature, like the river walk area in San Antonio, are discussed. The interview concludes by noting the benefits of urban green spaces but also the costs required to design them.
The document discusses vernacular architecture, which refers to traditional construction methods used by local builders without professional architects. It focuses on vernacular architecture in hill regions of India, describing characteristics like use of local materials, load-bearing structures, small openings, and sloping roofs. Specific examples from Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, and Ladakh are provided, including construction techniques like dhajji walls and materials used like wood, stone, and mud. The importance of studying vernacular architecture for disaster recovery and sustainable design is also noted.
Information and Communication Technology in EducationMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 2)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐂𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐭:
-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptxOH TEIK BIN
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
1. WHAT IS CARPENTRY?
• One traditional definition of carpentry is “the art or
science of cutting, fitting, and assembling wood or
related material in the construction of buildings and
other structures.”
• Another common definition is “the occupation in
which carpentry tools are used.” These tools, include
the handsaw, the hammer, the brace and bit, chisels,
and other tools generally found in a carpenter’s tool
box.
2. CARPENTRY AS AN
ANCIENT CRAFT
• Carpentry is the art of working with wood, in the construction of
buildings in which men live or work, the making of furniture, and
many other devices of wood, to help man adapt himself to his
environment.
• The art of carpentry is thousands years old.
• The carpentry began when man first left the caves in which he
had lived until then; driven out perhaps by hunger and the need to
seek better hunting grounds, he made for himself crude shelters
of branches which he covered with leaves and grass.
3. CARPENTRY AS AN
ANCIENT CRAFT
• However, this early ancestors had no tools, as we know them
today, and since tools are so vital a part of carpentry, it would
perhaps be more correct to say that carpentry began when men
first fashioned crude tools from bronze and iron.
• The art of carpentry is thousands years old.
• With these tools, wood that was used for building and making
could be cut instead of broken. Men then began to shape wood
into useful objects and to improve the shelters which protected
them from their enemies and the weather.
4. THE MODERN CARPENTER
• At one time the carpenter’s work was almost entirely with wood.
However, in recent years many substitutes for wood have been
put on the market, and, in order to protect the interests, the
carpenter has claimed the right to work in many of the newer
materials, on the basis that such work requires the use of
carpentry tools.
• When a jurisdictional disputes arises among the different trades
as to which trade is to do certain work, each trade in question
selects a representative to present its case, and these
representatives jointly select a neutral judge or referee who
analyzes with care the facts presented to him, and then renders a
decision in favor of one trade or the other.
5. THE MODERN CARPENTER
• Through jurisdictional award, the following work has been
adjudged to be carpentry:
o The erecting and insulating of metal trim, such as bucks, jambs,
doors, transoms, casings, metal medicine cabinets, metal
weather stripping, and other similar work; the laying of plain
and ornamental cork and rubber-tile flooring, baseboards, or
wainscoting, whether laid or set in composition or glue, and
where brads or nails are used; the erecting and applying of all
composition materials, and other rigid-board substitutes;
assembling and setting of all seats in theaters, school, halls, and
similar buildings; all millwright work such as setting of engines,
and installing of all types of machinery in factories and mills.
6. THE MODERN CARPENTER
• However, the carpenter’s work is not confined to the erection of
buildings, this is only one phase of carpentry. Carpenters are
employed in the buildings of the following that required trainings
which is different from building and construction work.
o Bridges
o Piers
o Docks
o Wharfs
o Boat or ship
7. TRADE CLASSIFICATIONS
• Persons unfamiliar with trade classifications are apt to assume that
everyone who works in wood is a carpenter, this is not so.
• There was a time when the carpenter not only built the house, but
also made the trim, the built-in cabinet work, and even in some
cases, the furniture.
• However, today, a builder of furniture is a cabinet-maker, while the
man who makes the interior trim and builds stairs is a mill-man. In
general, mill-men and cabinet-makers, together with similar
woodworking craftsmen, belong to the large group of men who
work in factories; whereas the carpenter is employed on what is
known as outside work.